The study of abnormal psychology is the study of people who experience:

Emotional pain, Physical pain, Mental pain

Proponents of the eugenics movement:

believed they could make perfect human beings and eliminate “social ills”.

Operant conditioning changes behavior through ...

reinforcement schedules and extinction

Risk factors for mental health problems include which of the following:

social norms and societal rules that stigmatize certain groups, socioeconomic disadvantage, societal rules about what types of abnormal behavior are acceptable

What is the difference between a syndrome and a classification?

syndromes are sets of symptoms and classification is a set of syndromes

The four classifications of Hippocrates are:

mania, melancholia, paranoia, and epilepsy

The mental hygiene movement including everything, except:

Proposed less rigorous treatment of mental illness

If efficacy measures how well something works in controlled settings, effectiveness is _____________.

how well something works in the real world

Different types of validity in clinical assessment include:

face, content, concurrent, predictive, and construct validity

Select examples of symptom questionnaires:

Beck Hopelessness Scale, PTSD Checklist, Beck Depression Inventory

The Diathesis-Stress Model can be simply defined as:

Risk factors + triggers/stress develop a psychiatric disorder.

A null hypothesis is defined as _____________.

prediction that no differences exist between experimental groups studied

The Third-Variable Problem is the idea that ....

an unmeasured variable is the real cause of relationships between variables

A hypothesis is defined as _______________.

testable statement predicting what will happen in a study

Humanistic theories assume that ...

humans have an innate capacity for goodness and for living a full life

What is the File Drawer Effect in research?

studies that don't support the hypothesis are less likely to be published

Names of neurotransmitters include:

serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid.

Psychoanalysis is defined as _________________.

the theory of personality and psychopathology developed by Sigmund Freud.

Diagnosis is defined as ________________________.

a label for a set of symptoms that often occur together

Client-centered therapy includes which of the following:

Showing unconditional positive regard for the client, Therapist communicates with empathic understanding, Acting as an authentic person not an authority figure

A theory is defined as ...

A framework for questioning, gathering, and interpreting information.

Classical conditioning _______________.

targets associations made between emotions and stimuli

The four lobes of the brain include:

frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe.

General paresis was a disease that led to ...

paralysis, insanity, and eventually death.

Experimental studies include which of the following:

single-case experimental designs, human laboratory studies, therapy outcome studies

Self-Efficacy describes people who ...

have beliefs about their ability to control their actions.

A sample is defined as _______________.

a group of people taken from a population one wants to study

Labels for different levels of prevention are ...

primary, secondary, and tertiary

Pavlov was famous for his behaviorist research that focused on...

dogs that salivated when shown food paired with a bell.

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Module 1 Study Review - Abnormal Psych

79 termsStudBud Administration17 plays

This is the study prep for the first exam covering Chapters 1, 2, 3, and 4 of your textbook.

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Questions 79

Answers

1
The study of abnormal psychology is the study of people who experience:
Emotional pain
Physical pain
Psychic pain
Mental pain
2
Repression is a defense mechanism in which ego pushes anxiety-provoking material back into the unconscious.
True
False
3
Proponents of the eugenics movement:
believed they could make perfect human beings and eliminate “social ills”.
believed that people needed care and support to reduce mental illness.
believed that humanity could be perfected through caring for everyone.
believed that people could be treated for their flaws and failings.
4
Operant conditioning changes behavior through ...
intermittent punishment
reinforcement schedules and extinction
neutral stimuli paired with a behavioral cue
associations between emotions and stimuli
5
The meaning given to events affect how people feel about it and respond to it is called:
causal attribution
causation
causitive effects
casual beliefs
6
Risk factors for mental health problems include which of the following:
social norms and societal rules that stigmatize certain groups
creation of stable societies
socioeconomic disadvantage
societal rules about what types of abnormal behavior are acceptable
7
The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 was signed by:
Dwight D. Eisenhower
John F. Kennedy
Lyndon B. Johnson
Ronald Reagon
8
Operationalization defines each variable that affects how it is studied and measured.
True
False
9
Environmental conditions that affect the expression of genes, turning genes on and off, is called ____________.
environmental exposure
ecological influence
epigenetics
gene x environment (GxE) interactions
10
What is the difference between a syndrome and a classification?
syndromes are sets of symptoms and classification is a set of syndromes
syndromes are disconnected symptoms and classifications are connected
syndromes are multiple symptoms and classifications are single symptoms
syndromes are single symptoms and classifications are syndromes
11
Hormones carry messages throughout the body and affect mood, energy, and reactions to stress.
False
True
12
Therapeutic treatment targeting causal factors of mental illness are different for each theory of abnormal behavior.
False
True
13
The core elements of Freud's "iceberg" are ...
unconscious, presconscious, subconscious
libido, ego, superego
id, ego, superconscious
id, ego, superego
14
The four classifications of Hippocrates are:
happiness, sadness, paranoia, and somaticism
high energy, low energy, focused energy, and frazzled energy
mania, melancholia, paranoia, and epilepsy
mania, depression, psychosis, and seizures
15
The mental hygiene movement including everything, except:
Proposed more humane treatment of mental illness
Proposed less rigorous treatment of mental illness
People become ill when they are separated from nature
Rapid social change create stress in people that leads to mental illness
16
If efficacy measures how well something works in controlled settings, effectiveness is _____________.
how well something works outside the experiment
how well something works in the real world
how well something works during an experiment
how well something works without any controls
17
Different types of validity in clinical assessment include:
face, content, congruent, differential, and construct validity
facial, discriminant, convergent, predictive, and item validity
impression, item level, concurrent, differential, and contruct validity
face, content, concurrent, predictive, and construct validity
18
Select examples of symptom questionnaires:
Beck Hopelessness Scale
PTSD Checklist
Beck Depression Inventory
Intake Questionnaire
19
The Diathesis-Stress Model can be simply defined as:
Risk factors + triggers/stress develop a psychiatric disorder.
Triggers/stress + negative family history develops a psychiatric disorder.
Genetics + triggers/stress develop a psychiatric disorder.
Risk factors + genetics develops a psychiatric disorder.
20
Each edition of the Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has become more specific with diagnoses.
True
False
21
A null hypothesis is defined as _____________.
prediction that no differences exist between experimental groups studied
prediction that no differences exist across similar groups
prediction that differences exist between similar groups
prediction that differences exist between experimental groups studied
22
The Third-Variable Problem is the idea that ....
an unmeasured variable is the real cause of relationships between variables
a measured variable that causes relationships between variables
a different variable affecting the dependent variable
a new variable that was measured during the study
23
A hypothesis is defined as _______________.
variables that can be tested in research
research study identifying variables
testable statement predicting what will happen in a study
a prediction of what variables matter in a research study
24
Effective treatments include all of the following, except:
Provide an explanation or interpretation of why they are suffering
Encourage clients to confront painful emotions and reduce negative feelings
Provide medication referrals
Promote a positive relationship between therapist and client
25
Broad beliefs about oneself, relationships and the world that affect interpretations of events are called:
global assumptions
assumptions of belief
global values
assumptions of character
26
Generalizability means you cannot apply what we have learned to other individuals or groups.
True
False
27
Humanistic theories assume that ...
humans have an innate capacity for making a good living from a career
humans have an innate capacity for evil
humans have the capacity to do both good and bad things through free will
humans have an innate capacity for goodness and for living a full life
28
What is the File Drawer Effect in research?
studies that don't support the hypothesis are less likely to be published
research results that support hypotheses are more likely to be published
studies that support the null hypothesis are more likely to be published
studies that support too many hypotheses don't get published
29
No clear dividing line exists between normal thoughts, emotions, and behaviors and what would be termed “abnormal”.
False
True
30
Names of neurotransmitters include:
dopamine, aldosterone, androgens, and epinephrine.
cortisol, adrenaline, growth hormone, and acetylcholine.
serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid.
testosterone, estrogen, oxytocin, and melatonin.
31
Psychoanalysis is defined as _________________.
the theory of psychopathology from learned behavior.
the theory focusing on childhood experiences affecting chemical imbalances.
the theory of personality and psychopathology developed by Franz Mesmer.
the theory of personality and psychopathology developed by Sigmund Freud.
32
Multiple genetic abnormalities coming together in one individual to create a specific disorder, is called ____________.
multiple-gene disorders.
genetic polyamorphisms.
polykinetic genes.
polygenic processes.
33
Diagnosis is defined as ________________________.
a label for a set of symptoms that often occur together
a classification system for a syndrome
a category of disorders
a set of symptoms that define a category
34
Client-centered therapy includes which of the following:
Showing unconditional positive regard for the client
Leading the client to answers of their own
Therapist communicates with empathic understanding
Acting as an authentic person not an authority figure
35
Proponents of psychological and some sociocultural approaches most often prescribe psychotherapy.
False
True
36
Psychopathology are symptoms that cause emotional, psychological, or physical pain.
False
True
37
A theory is defined as ...
A set of ideas that explains something.
Parameters for research studies that guide data collection.
A framework for questioning, gathering, and interpreting information.
A set of ideas that creates a hypothesis.
38
Asylums, which were largely unregulated and unmonitored, became places of human experimentation.
True
False
39
Classical conditioning _______________.
targets behavior change through emotional experiences
targets self-efficacy and behavioral risks
targets relationships between stimuli and behavior
targets associations made between emotions and stimuli
40
Dorothea Dix was isntrumental within the Moral Treatment Movement.
False
True
41
Double-blind experiments: when both participants and experimenters are unaware of who is in what experimental group.
False
True
42
The four lobes of the brain include:
frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe.
cerebral cortex, sensory-motor cortex, visual cortex, and cerebellum.
forebrain, hindbrain, midbrain, and brainstem.
amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate gyrus, and claudate nucleus.
43
The pituitary gland is also referred to as the ______________.
principal gland.
primary gland.
hormonal gland.
master gland.
44
General paresis was a disease that led to ...
episodes of intense happiness, mania, and creativity.
numbness in the arms and legs, fever, and delerium.
nervous system problems, fugue states, and poor health.
paralysis, insanity, and eventually death.
45
Ethical issues in research include all of the following, except:
right to refuse of withdraw from a study
understanding the study
debriefing
confidentiality
informed consent
deception
46
Experimental studies include which of the following:
single-case experimental designs
human laboratory studies
case studies
therapy outcome studies
47
Self-Efficacy describes people who ...
depend on others to complete tasks.
have high confidence in themselves.
believe that faith and hard work will accomplish great things.
have beliefs about their ability to control their actions.
48
A sample is defined as _______________.
a group of people not included in the study
a group of people taken from a population one wants to study
different groups of people taken from different places to study
random selection of people across the whole population
49
Labels for different levels of prevention are ...
primary, secondary, and tertiary
principal, secondary, and societal
primary, secondary, and third-level
first, second, and third
50
Pavlov was famous for his behaviorist research that focused on...
cats that salivated when shown food paired with a bell.
dogs that got hungry when shown food.
dogs that salivated when shown food paired with a bell.
cats that drooled when shown food paired with a horn.
51
Biochemicals that act as messengers in the brain are called:
neurotransmitters
receptors
neurons
synapses
52
Genetic research studies include which of the following:
twin studies
adoption studies
family history studies
association studies
53
General paresis was caused by:
black mold infections.
staphyloccocuc aureous in the nervous system.
an STD (syphilis) infection affecting the brain.
a physical manifestation of psychiatric symptoms.
54
Cognitive Therapies:
identify and challenge negative thoughts and dysfunctional belief systems.
clarify what people think and behavior that results from those thoughts.
focus on what people are doing in their world.
focus on behavior.
55
Initial interviews include which of the following:
thought processes
observed behaviors
intellectual functioning
mood and affect
orientation (person, place, time)
appearance and behavior
56
Free association is where a client talks about whatever comes to mind, without censoring any thoughts.
True
False
57
Third-wave therapies include all of the following, except:
Family Systems Therapy
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
Mindfulness Therapy
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)
58
Psychoanalytic Theory was founded by Franz Mesmer.
False
True
59
Transdiagnostic risk factors ___________ the risk of multiple types of psychological problems.
reduce
increase
decrease
improve
60
Deinstitutionalization is defined as:
integrating patients into the community with community-based treatment.
transferring patients from one hospital to another with better care.
sending people back home to their families for long-term care.
discharging patients from psychiatric hospitals with a prescription.
61
Variables included in research studies include the ________ variable and the ________ variable.
Fixed; Changing
Single; Alternative
Dependent; Independent
Hypothesis; Null hypothesis
62
The definition of mental illness includes problems in...
riding a bicycle in the rain.
behaviors, thoughts, or feelings.
cognitions, behaviors, and moods.
abnormal ideas, activities, and feelings.
63
The _________ Approach believes abnormal behavior is caused by distorted thoughts.
Cognitive
Hallucinatory
Thought
Imaginatory
64
A structured interview does not have a standardized format with concrete criteria used to score responses.
True
False
65
Cognitions are ___________________.
new behavios learned through imitation
observations about rewards and punishment happening to others
thoughts that challenge learned behaviors
thoughts and beliefs that affect emotions and behavior
66
Steps to a Meta-Analysis include all of the following, except:
transforming results into common statistics
literature search
examining average effect sizes across studies
performing statistical analyses on original data
67
Judgments of abnormality rely on “the four Ds”:
Dysfunction
Distress
Deviance
Delinquency
Dangerousness
Defiance
68
Clinical asssessments include which of the following:
behavioral observations
symptom questionnaires
personality inventories
projective tests (e.g., Rorschach, Thematic Apperception Test)
college entrance exams (e.g., SAT, ACT)
intelligence tests
69
Moral Treatment failed in the United States for the following reasons:
Most individuals died in psychiatric hospitals before being released
There wasn't enough funding
Society did not believe that psychiatric hospitals needed attention
There weren't enough mental health workers
70
What’s a common challenge of Cross-Cultural Studies?
Researchers label one culture as fit and another as unfit.
Researchers label one culture as normal and another as abnormal.
Researchers label one culture as healthy and another as unhealthy.
Researchers label one culture as advanced and another as indigenous.
71
Cultural relativism refers to universal standards or rules for labeling a behavior abnormal.
False
True
72
Libido is the sexual drive that leads the Superego.
False
True
73
The brain can be divided into three main regions:
corpus callosum, amygdala, and hypothalamus.
forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.
endocrine system, limbic system, an HPA axis.
frontal lobe, thalamus, and brain stem.
74
Consistency of a test/method in assessing what it is supposed to measure reliability.
False
True
75
The superego functions as the mind's _______________.
navigator of aggression and libido
public mask
liaison between the subconscious and the id
moral compass
76
Proponents of biological theories often...
prescribe medications.
complete a DNA analysis.
prescribe psychotherapy.
provide referrals to specialty providers.
77
Standardization includes which of the following concepts:
steps for executing tasks
extraneous factors that affect responses
achieves consistent results
strict guidelines
78
Problems in thoughts, feelings, and behavior vary from...
clear to messy.
cold to hot.
normal to abnormal.
average to different.
79
Statistical significance has a probability value of _________.
p < 0.05
p < 0.50
p < 0.005
p < 0.01

Module 1 Study Review - Abnormal Psych Flashcards | StudBud