World History Chapter 12

The Industrial Revolution began in

Liberals believed that certain freedoms should be guaranteed by a

withdrawal from a Union

What new social class(es) emerged during the Industrial Revolution?

People began to look to the norther Italian state of __ for leadership in achieving unification

In Britain, who made up two-thirds of the cotton industry's workforce by 1830?

In the 1780s, __ developed a process called puddling.

___, a dedicated Italian patriot, raised an army of a thousand volunteers, called Red Shirts

In chemistry, the Russian __ in the 1860s classified all the material elements

In the __ of 1866, the new Italian state became an ally of Prussia

Principle set forth by Darwin that some organisms are more adaptable to the environment

James Hargreaves invented a machine called the __ which allowed more thread from spinners

Method of production in which tasks are done by individuals in their rural homes

Building railroads created new jobs for

Political philosophy, holding that people should be as free as possible from govt restraint

To maintain new balance of power, Congress of Vienna met at times - called

One of the greatest composers of all time, __, was the bridge b/w the classical & romantic era

process where coke derived from coal is used to burn away impurities in crude iron

For fuel, the steam engine depended on __, a substance that seemed then to be unlimited

Govt provided funds to build __ to encourage the development of industrialization

Russian govt, based on __, withstood the revolutionary fervor of 19th century

Right of all males to vote in elections

Cotton industry became more productive when steam engine improved by Scottish engineer

Reliance on military strength

Idea that great powers have right to send armies into countries to restore govt

What gave rise to a movement known as socialism?

Nationalism arose out of people's awareness of being part of a community w/ common

Money available for investment

Which state became the first state in the U.S. to secede from the Union?

mid-19th century movement rejected romanticism & portrayed lower-&middle-class life

Robert Fulton built the first paddle-wheel steamboat called

Severe __ in 1846 brought untold hardship in France to lower middle class, workers, & peasants

Which countries were part of the Congress of Vienna

Parliament passed the __, which established a Canadian nation - the Dominion of Canada

popular vote

GB managed to avoid the revolutionary upheavals because of

French emperor, __, focused on expanding the economy and rebuilding the city of Paris

system of govt, owns and controls the means of production

Indifference to or rejection of religion or religious consideration

Principle set forth by Darwin that every plant or animal has evolved over a long time

Intellectual movement in reaction to ideas of Enlightenment; stressing feelings, emotion, etc

Russian Czar, __, issued an emancipation edict, which freed the serfs

Political philosophy based on tradition & social stability, favoring obedience

Economic system based on industrial production or manufacturing

The __ was the result of a long-standing struggle b/w Russia and the Ottoman Empire

The invention of the __ made weaving faster

Which writer was a part of the Gothic literature in the U.S.?

Person interested in finding new business opportunities & new ways to make profits

What two factions had fought bitterly about the division of power in the new U.S. govt.

In 1848, a revolt broke out against the __ in Lombardy and Venetia

Act of setting free

Charles Darwin published __, with the basic idea that each plant & animals evolved over time

A movement to end slavery

The worst conditions for the new social class was in the

Who proposed the germ theory?

In the 18th century, more efficient means of moving resources and goods was by

British novelist __ became successful w/ realistic novels focusing on lower & middle classes

German for "caesar", the title of the emperors of the Second German Empire