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APHuG Definitions - Unit 6 Flashcards | StudBud
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APHuG Definitions - Unit 6
What is suburban sprawl?
What is the Central Business District?
APHuG Definitions - Unit 6
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1
What is the Central Business District?
The industrial portion of a city.
The skyscrapers in a city
The center for businesses and services in the middle of city
The outskirts of a city.
2
What is suburban sprawl?
New suburb neighborhoods that replace farmland and wilderness areas
Cause of migration that push people away from their country
Attract people to a new country
Number of people per square mile or other unit of land area
3
What is a Megacity?
An urban city with more than 10 million people.
A city with less than 10 million people.
A city with more than 1 million people.
A small town with less than 1000 people.
4
How does
Metes and Bounds
land survey patterns define property boundaries?
Divided land in long, narrow strips extended out from transportation route.
Uses natural landscape features.
Divided land into circular shapes based on rivers and roads.
Divided land into rectangular parcels using lines of latitude & longitude.
5
According to the Hoyt Sector Model
Neighborhoods grow outward in wedges
The city grows around the beltway
The city is dominated by transition zones
The periphery of the city is most important
6
What is central place theory?
business districts are at the center of every city
argues there are more big settlements in the world that are more numerous
describes the patterns of urban area sizes
urban settlements are the market centers for distribution of goods
7
What are restrictive covenants?
Laws that legalized racial segregation
Clauses that state it is illegal to grow crops on your land
Clauses that forbid selling property to certain races, etc…
Laws that protect people of color
8
A primate city is when...
largest city is is 2x the size of the next largest city
the most important city in a country
the largest city in a region of a country.
the nth largest city is 1/n the size of the country's largest city
9
What is New Urbanism?
A theory about skyscrapers
A planning idea that focuses on walkable, mixed-use communities
A movement that encourage suburbanization
A movement to build cities only for the wealthy
10
Conurbation is a combined city.
True
False
11
What is the Concentric Zone Model?
that urban areas grow in concentric rings from a central point (CBD)
suggests that cities are made with specific zones for specific functions
urban growth as occurring in wedge-shaped sectors radiating out from CBD
suggesting that urban areas develop around multiple centers or nodes
12
What are anti-growth movements?
Groups against gentrification
Groups against America's annexation of Puerto Rico
Groups pushing for laws and regulations to slow new suburban roads
Groups against the establishment of new cities
13
What is telecommuting?
transportation through phone lines
another term for a conference call
working via use of the internet aka working from home
talking on the phone while driving
14
What is a mixed use building?
Has low income and middle income housing
Residents on the first floor and storefronts on the upper floors
It shares one wall with another building
Storefronts on the first floor and residents living on the upper floors.
15
What are squatter settlements?
Built on private land that does not belong to settlers.
All of these
Can be known as a favella/shanty town/slum
Area of poor houses built of salvaged materials- cardboard, scraps, etc
16
What is redlining?
the line seperating the city from the suburbs
the line seperating neighboring farms
Drawing up district lines for political advantage
lines drawn by banks around areas where they wont loan money
17
What is lateral commuting?
Commuting between suburbs and edge cities
Commuting between suburban and rural areas
Commuting between urban and rural areas
Commuting from the CBD to edge cities
18
How does
Long Lots
land survey patterns define property boundaries?
Divided land into circular shapes based on rivers and roads.
Divided land into rectangular parcels using lines of latitude & longitude.
Divided land in long, narrow strips extended out from transportation route.
Uses natural landscape features.
19
How does
Township and Range
land survey patterns define property boundaries?
Divided land into rectangular parcels using latitude & longitude.
Divided land in long, narrow strips extended out from transportation route.
Uses natural landscape features.
Divided land into circular shapes based on rivers and roads.
20
The Law of the Indies called for...
construction of individualized city plans in all English colonies
manufacturing-based economies in Spanish colonies
Cities must be built in a gridiron pattern with plazas at the center
Colonies must send 50% of their wheat to Spain
21
A clustered rural settlement:
farmers live isolated on individual farms
community based agriculture, everyone lives close together
22
De facto segregation is:
segregation that was allowed after Brown vs Board of education
segregation which occurred because of laws
segregation which occurred because of tradition or practice
Segregation set by legislation
23
What is Peak Land Value Intersection?
The area where the highest and lowest land prices intersect.
The hinterland of a city
The downtown intersection surrounded by the most expensive real estate
The highest priced residential zone near the CBD.
24
A transportation node is where two or more lines of transportation intersect.
True
False
25
What is the Multiple Nuclei Model?
suggesting that urban areas develop around multiple centers or nodes
that urban areas grow in concentric rings from a central point (CBD)
suggesting there are multiple nuclei in a single atom
urban growth as occurring in wedge-shaped sectors radiating out from CBD
26
A resource node is where there is access to a natural resource.
True
False
27
What is counter-commuting?
Commuting between suburbs and edge cities
Commuting from the CBD to edge cities
Commuting between suburban and rural areas
Commuting between urban and rural areas
28
A "cool city" is a city with a downtown that has cool amenities: art. music, culture, nightlife, etc.
True
False
29
A dispersed rural settlement:
community based agriculture, everyone lives close together
farmers live isolated on individual farms
30
In Central Place Theory, the range of a service is?
the market area of a service
the amount of nodal areas in a Central Place Theory
the maximum distance people are willing to go for a service
the minimum number of people to support a service
31
What are land survey patterns?
Ways to decide what type of agriculture can be best grown on the land.
Ways to decide which land will be best for farming.
Ways to decide what climate land is located in.
Ways to decide how land is divided and defines property boundaries.
32
What does the Bid-Rent Curve state?
land gets less expensive the closer you get to the CBD
land gets more expensive the closer you get to the CBD
33
A gateway city is a city in which
Cities that allow immigration
Cities where immigrants make their way into a country
Port city where goods ship in at 1price &shipped 2other ports @higher$$
Cities that are political capitals of states
34
What is the Southeast Asian City Model?
Includes 3 distinct CBDs: colonial, traditional, and a market zone
Includes commercial spine & squatter settlements
Includes colonial port zone, large middle class, & squatter settlements
Shifts from manufacturing&shopping center cities to post-industrial cities
35
What is blockbusting?
Real-estate agents who made whites sell houses at low prices
Renewing infrastructure to lure in middle-class people.
Banks not sending loans to parts of a neighborhood.
Curbing racial discrimination to minorities.
36
What is the megalopolis that is found in the Northest called?
Tokaido
From Boston to Washington D.C.
From San Francisco to San Diego
The Painted Desert
37
What is a medieval city?
Dense in population and centers of commerce
Big places full of animals
City developed by a colonial power in an area they overtook
Small places where you could go shopping
38
What is a colonial city?
City developed by a colonial power in an area they overtook
A city inside the homeland of a colonial power
Old cities in the US developed by the British
Dense in population and centers of commerce
39
Counterurbanization is
due to expanding suburbs.
migration to small towns from central cities or suburbs.
the decline of the inner-city infrastructure.
moving from an urban core to suburban areas.
40
What are the Laws of the Indies?
A Law Enacted in the 1600's That Determines What are States or Cities
A Way of Handing Out Land Fairly
Colonial legal codes the Spanish Government enacted in the 1500's
A Spanish Law That Prohibits Squatter Settlements
41
What is brownfield remediation?
remove toxins & clean up industrial land 2 use again w/out health concerns
new subdivision created from formerly farmland
build urban farms on small plots of land in the city
minorities moving into an area of the city
42
Which of the following is NOT a name for a central settlement that is a place of exchange and service provision?
Threshold
MArket Area
Hinterland
Central Place
43
Who is Walter Christaller?
creator of the CBD
creator of the Latin American city model
creator of central place theory
creator of the multiple nuclei model
44
What is commercial gentrification?
Renovating homes to attract wealthier residents
The process of restricting voting rights
The process of the lower class moving to urban areas
Renovating vacant businesses into coffee shops, art houses, bars, etc.
45
What is the Latin American City Model?
Includes colonial port zone, large middle class, & squatter settlements
Shifts from manufacturing&shopping center cities to post-industrial cities
Includes 3 distinct CBDs: colonial, traditional, and a market zone
Includes commercial spine & squatter settlements
46
De jure segregation is:
segregation supported by law
segregation without Jim Crow laws
economic differences between races
segregation supported by private businesses
47
Define the primate city rule:
the largest city has double the population of the next city
the population of the largest city is triple of the next
how law in ape communities is determined
the largest city contains the most services
48
What is an agglomeration?
One company owns lots of companies in different industries
One company owns lots of companies in the same industry
Companies in similar industries cluster together
One company takes the biggest market share of an industry
49
What is middle-class flight?
the economic transfer of wealth from lower-class to middle-class
middle-class families moving out of urban areas and into suburban areas
Whites fleeing a area in anticipation of blacks moving in
A population shift from cities to rural areas
50
What is the Southeast Asian City Model?
Includes 3 distinct CBDs: colonial, traditional, and a market zone
Shifts from manufacturing&shopping center cities to post-industrial cities
Includes colonial port zone, large middle class, & squatter settlements
Includes commercial spine & squatter settlements
51
What is urban hierarchy?
ranking of settlements (hamlet, village, town, city, metropolis)
city established by colonizing empires as administrative centers
cit rankings according to their size and economic functions.
52
What is an entrepôt?
A conurbation
Big city with more than 10 million people
Cities where immigrants make their way into a country
port city where goods ship in at 1price &shipped 2other ports @higher$$
53
What is suburbanization?
A population shift from cities to rural areas/suburbs
The creations of new housing
People moving to cities for Jobs
A population shift from rural areas/suburbs to cities
54
What is white flight?
Europeans fleeing from England in 1600s
Germans fleeing to other countries in 1940 to avoid WWII
Whites fleeing a area in anticipation of blacks moving in
White people leaving a place due to persecution
55
What is the rank size rule?
The ranking by size in increasing order
The nth largest city is 1/n the size of the country's largest city
The largest city is more than 2x the size of the next largest
The ranking by size in random order
56
In Central Place Theory, the threshold of a service is?
the minimum number of people to support a service
the maximum distance people are willing to go for a service
the amount of nodal areas in a Central Place Theory
the market area of a service
57
What is the Galactic City Model (aka the Peripheral Model)?
Includes colonial port zone, large middle class, & squatter settlements
Includes 3 distinct CBDs: colonial, traditional, and a market zone
Shifts from manufacturing&shopping center cities to post-industrial cities
Includes commercial spine & squatter settlements
58
What is Gentrification?
The process of restricting voting rights
The process of the lower class moving to urban areas
Renovating vacant businesses into coffee shops, art houses, bars, etc.
Renovating homes to attract wealthier residents
