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PHS 113 Exam 1 Flashcards | StudBud
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PHS 113 Exam 1
PHS 113 Exam 1
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Review of material on the first exam
Flashcards
27 cards
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Questions
27
Answers
1
A __ is a geographic low & marks the location where oceanic lithosphere descends to the mantle
Seismic zone
Fold and thrust mountain
Deep-ocean trench
Mid-ocean rift
2
Where are the lowest points on Earth's surface? (select all that apply)
Deep-ocean trenches
Rift valleys where continents have separated
Mid-ocean ridges
Subduction zones
3
What caused our solar nebula to contract and spin, eventually creating the planets?
Gravitational attraction from black holes
Gravitational interaction between particles
Solar wind from nearby stars
Nuclear fusion joining atomic particles
4
If a rock has a specific gravity of 0.5, what does that tell you?
Nothing
It will sink and 100% of the rock will be submerged
It will float and 5% of the rock will be submerged
It will float and 50% of the rock will be submerged
5
What established the basic divisions of Earth's interior?
Gravitational forces
Separation due to differences in physical properties
Changes in chemical composition as the Earth slowly cooled
Collision with chunks of space material as the planet formed
6
The lithosphere is less rigid than the asthenosphere
False
True
7
___ refers to a mineral's intensity and quality of reflected light.
Cleavage
Tenacity
Streak
Luster
8
Mineral color is not a useful property when identifying unknown samples
True
False
9
Where are the majority of transform faults located?
Along mountain ranges
Radiating from convergent boundaries as stress fractures
On the ocean floor offsetting segments of oceanic ridge
Southern California
10
What is the accepted age of the Earth?
4.6 billion years
4.6 million years
1 million years
3,000 years
11
Along which tectonic boundary is new crust being created?
Convergent boundary
Transform boundary
Divergent boundary
12
Which of the following is a rock composed of non-mineral matter?
Granite
Basalt
Coal
Limestone
13
Which of the following is a hypothesis?
Geology is the best of all the sciences
There is undetectable data in the outcrop
There is a fold visible in an outcrop
When pressure is applied, rocks fold
14
At a __ an oceanic plate is forced beneath another plate due to differences in density
Subduction zone
Transform boundary
Continental rift
Collision zone
15
What process is responsible for the transfer of heat from Earth's core to the surface?
Convection currents
Fluid displacement
Float methods
Eruption of lava
16
How do minerals form? (select all that apply)
Biological processes
In a lab where they can be carefully manufactured
Erosion from existing rock at Earth's surface
Underground as magma cools and solidifies
17
What mineral group is the most abundant on Earth?
Oxides
Silicates
Phosphates
Native elements
18
At which location would you expect volcanism?
Both locations
Location A
Neither locations
Location B
19
The crust and the lithosphere are same thing
False
True
20
What are you testing for when you add a drop of dilute acid on a mineral sample?
to confirm the mineral's specific gravity
to see if it starts to fizz (make bubbles)
to see if it contains salt (it will change color)
to length of time the mineral was underground
21
The __ is a hotter, weaker region of the mantle that responds to forces by flowing
Atmosphere
Crust
Outer core
Asthenosphere
22
Mountain belts are randomly distributed throughout the globe
True
False
23
Which layer of the Earth is the thickest?
Crust
Outer Core
Mantle
Inner Core
24
Which type of plate boundary accounts for the smallest percentage of all plate boundaries?
Convergent boundaries
Divergent boundaries
Transform boundaries
25
Mass = 10g Volume=5mL What is the density of this material?
2 g/mL
10 g/mL
5 g/mL
0.5 g/mL
26
The principle of ____ states that 'the present is the key to the past'.
Plate Tectonics
Catastrophism
Plutonism
Uniformitarianism
27
Which scientist developed the idea of continental drift?
Issac Newton
Alfred Wegener
Albert Einstein
Charles Darwin
