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Cognition Assessment Review
Cognition Assessment Review
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AP Psychology Review #appsychology
Flashcards
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1
Stereotype threat is when...
Perceived stereotype effects performance
You make a judgement on someone
You associate two variables which aren't correlated
You observe and imitate
2
Achievement tests are to aptitude tests as
verbal performance is to spatial performance.
reliability is to validity
measurement is to prediction
elementary school skills are to secondary school skills.
3
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
4
If 98 out of 100 respond to "Labrador Retriever" when asked to name a dog, then this is the
prototype
fixation
feature
concept
5
Which part of long-term memory stores autobiographical info?
episodic memory
semantic memory
procedural memory
rehearsal
6
Kohler believed that the solution Sultan the Chimp demonstrated is
bias
heuristic
insight
semantic learning
7
What is an algorithm?
computer coding
A list of steps that you can follow to accomplish a task
rule of thumb
shortcut
8
_______ refers to auditory sensory memory, whereas _____ refers to visual sensory memory
iconic memory/ echoic memory
echoic memory/ iconic memory
episodic/ semantic memory
declarative memory/ non-declarative memory
9
Which brain structure plays a key role in transferring info from short to long term memory?
hypothalamus
thalamus
frontal lobe
hippocampus
10
Robert Sternberg believed that we have creative, practical, and analytical intelligence, which is known as
triarchic intelligences
kinesthetic intelligence
general intelligence
multiple intelligences
11
Which of the following is an example of an implicit memory?
playing chess
remembering what you ate for lunch yesterday
jumping up when the bell rings at school
visualizing the layout of your high school
12
If Jen has an IQ of 100, she is in what percentile?
15th
84th
50th
97th
13
__________ memory is that part of long-term memory containing factual information
explicit/declarative
implicit/nondeclarative
syntax
procedural
14
When new learning disrupts the ability to recall past, stored information, ____is said to occur
proactive interference
retroactive interference
retrograde amnesia
disinhibition
15
What is an example of bodily-kinesthetic intelligence?
Being a therapist
Being a dancer
Being a writer
Being a singer
16
Sean doesn't believe that smoking is bad for you contrary to the evidence.
confirmation bias
availability bias
representative bias
belief perseverance
17
If you only look for information that supports your belief, you suffer from
confirmation bias
belief perseverance
overconfidence
representative heuristic
18
The Flynn effect is the finding that
linguistic skills decline with age.
within-group differences are larger than between-group differences.
intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
television has decreased intellectual performance.
19
Effortful processing is
is used in implicit memory
requires no effort
requires attention and conscious awareness
requires iconic memory
20
Construct Validity
Extent to which an outcome measure of interest correlates gold standard
Refers to the observation of strong correlations between two test.
Test measure the concept that it is intended to measure
The measurement appears on the face of it, to assess what is intended
21
The three stages of the Atkinson-Shiffrin (multi-store model) process of memory are
iconic, echoic, encoding
shallow, medium, and deep processing
sensory, short term, long term
semantic,episodic, procedural
22
Intrapersonal intelligence
ability to understand one's own feelings, fears, and motivations
ability to understand the intentions, motivations, and desires of others
23
Memory that lasts only a fraction of a second
State-Dependent Learning
Short Term Memory
Long Term Memory
Sensory Memory
24
What is the most commonly used IQ test?
Wechsler adult intelligence test
Stanford Binet test
25
If Paul is in the 84th percentile of Weschler's IQ, what is his IQ?
130
85
115
70
26
Spearman argued that intelligence could be boiled down to one ability known as
practical intelligence
s-factor
interpersonal intelligence
general intelligence
27
Gambler's Fallacy
Belief that past events affect future outcomes.
Remembering wins more than losses
Continuing to gamble to recover losses.
The allure of a big payout can cloud judgment.
28
Al sees a news report on plane crashes. He now believes crashes are common. Al is suffering from
a prototype
the availability heuristic
the representative heuristic
belief perseverance
29
The Ebbinghaus curve of forgetting shows that forgetting is most rapid
a few months after learning
one hour after learning
after one week
immediately after learning
30
Proactive interference occurs when...
Older memories cause forgetting of newer ones.
We don't have the right information to trigger our memory.
Newer memories cause forgetting of older ones.
Memories fade over time.
31
How many students earned scores closest to -2 standard deviation?
3
8
1
6
32
When someone repeatedly tries to push a door open that clearly needs to be pulled it is known as a
mental set
confirmation bias
belief perseverance
availability heuristic
33
Definition: flashbulb memory
a lightbulb you can buy at home depot
a flash of light triggers an old memory
clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
a memory that lasts a second
34
Long term potentiation describes
how STM may be processed into long term memories
the day to day functioning of the hippocampus
the strengthening of neural connections due to stimulation
how new long term memories are formed
35
What would be an example of transcience memory?
Your mom telling you about your childhood friend
Forgetting the name of the book you read in high school
Thinking you saw a friend on the street
Forgetting where you put your keys
36
According to Piaget, accommodation refers to :
incorporation of new information into existing knowledge
developmental changes in a child's behavior to be accepted
adjusting current schemas to make sense of new experiences
the parental efforts made to include new children
37
Validity can be best described as:
measurement that reflects what it was intended to measure
data that is close to the mark
data that is correct
consistency of measurement
38
Primacy effect
Remembering things at the start better, like the first items on a list.
The idea that we remember the first and last things best.
Remembering things at the end better, like the last things you heard.
Learning something over time helps you remember it better.
39
Asking a poll question in a particular way to get specific response is an example of
heuristic
syntax
framing
intuition
40
Peter takes a test in the army to see if he would be successful at a particular job. Such a test is called a(n)
intelligence test
aptitude test
achievement test
standardized test
41
Use of brainstorming to solve a problem best encourages which of the following?
groupthink
convergent thinking
divergent thinking
deductive reasoning
42
Santos is 8 years old and, according to Stanford-Binet, he has a mental age of 10. What is his IQ?
80
125
100
90
43
Interpersonal intelligence
The ability to understand nature and living things.
The ability to interact well with others.
The ability to understand yourself.
To see or understand differences.
44
Elizabeth Loftus' research on wording and misinformation effects on memory best demonstrate
the reconstructive nature of memory
the serial position effect
the role of the hippocampus in memory
the rate at which people forget information
