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Bio 366 Exam #1 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Bio 366 Exam #1 Review
Bio 366 Exam #1 Review
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Questions
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Answers
1
Poison, venom, and neurotoxins are NOT forms of defense.
False
True
2
Batesian Mimicry?
Two or more noxious animals develop similar appearances, share protection
A sound produced when threatened by a predator
An edible animal is protected by its resemblance to a noxious one
Blending into an environment
3
Infanticide was shown to be non-adaptive for male lions entering a pride.
False
True
4
Cones relate to color (hint: know this for the exam).
False
True
5
Central Dogma?
Protein to DNA to RNA
RNA to DNA to Protein
DNA to RNA to Protein
RNA to Protein to DNA
6
What is a Supernormal Stimuli?
Sign stimuli that do not make sense given their response
A book about adversity
A more extreme sign stimulus
7
What is Phenotypic Plasticity?
Change that occurs over multiple generations
Ability to change genotype in response to new environments
Ability to change phenotype in response to new environments
8
Who developed Classical Conditioning?
Edward Thorndike
Ivan Pavlov
Karl von Frisch
BF Skinner
9
What is a microarray used for?
Determine which genes are active/inactive during certain behaviors
Analyzing fragments of DNA
Alternative method to gel electrophoresis
Provides a profile of an organism's genome.
10
What's the ratio used for Relative Brain Size?
I have to know mAtH for this exam?! :(
Brain Mass / Body Mass
Body Mass / Brain Mass
The Encephalization Quotient
11
What are the two examples of Associative Learning?
Operant Conditioning and Sensitization
Habituation and Classical Conditioning
Classical and Operant Conditioning
Habituation and Sensitization
12
What does Royalactin do?
Prevents a bee larva from becoming a queen
Cures you of lactose intolerance
Changes genetic sequences within a bee larva
Causes queen development
13
What does Falsify mean?
To prove a theory to be true
To prove a theory to be false
14
Habituation entails the same stimulus and a reduced response.
False
True
15
What are the two levels of ultimate causation?
Development and Evolutionary History
Mechanism and Development
Phylogenetics and Adaptive Function
Evolutionary History and Adaptive Function
16
What is Sexual Dimorphism?
When the sex is so good you change form afterwards
Females and males show different phenotypes
The males of a species display parental care
I have never seen these words before. Help.
17
What's Facultative Crypsis?
Changing appearance, depending on environment or predatory threat
When you have the same appearance regardless of the presence of a predator
When another organism directly aids in changing appearance
Camouflage with a faculty member
18
According to Beck (1980), which of these is NOT a criteria for what is considered to be using a tool?
Is used to influence another object or the tool user
Tools are external, environmental objects
User must hold or actively manipulate tool
Is used to only influence another object
19
Female mate-choice in sparrows would be a proximate cause of their varying dialects.
True
False
20
The field of Comparative Psychology developed into what?
Ethology
Animal Psychology
Sociobiology
Behaviorsim
21
What is an instinct?
innate behavior produced by learning
Innate behavior produced by natural selection in the wild
innate behavior produced by conditioning
22
Eating even when you're full is an example of a response from a Supernormal Stimuli.
False
True
23
"Some associations are more easily learned than others" is a key concept from The Garcia Effect.
True
False
24
A chick’s acoustic environment has a greater influence on song development than its social environment.
True
False
25
Alternative Hypothesis?
A genre of music
Positive statement about a relationship between variables
Default statement, which contradicts the proposed relationship
I totally checked out during lecture and don't know what this is.
26
What are the two levels of proximate causation?
Evolutionary History and Adaptive Function
Mechanism and Adaptive Function
Development and Adaptive Function
Development and Mechanism
27
What is the function of Evisceration?
Distract predators
To be metal AF
Mimicry
Crypsis
28
The
for
gene influenced Drosophila larvae to either move between food patches or remain in one location
True
False
29
What is Autotomy?
Independence from your parents
The ability to govern the self
The ability to self replicate
The shedding of one or more appendages as self defense
30
An "honest" signal is when the organism displaying it is actually dangerous or toxic.
False
True
31
Which animal was involved with the imprinting experiment done by Konrad Lorenz?
Marbled Duck
Common Raven
Rhesus Macaque
Greylag Geese
32
The purpose of a Common Garden Experiment is to separate genotypic from environmental components of variation
False
True
33
So...what's the difference between Morgan's Canon and Parsimony?
Morgan's Canon is utilized within Comparative Psychology
No difference worth noting.
I don't know.
34
Null Hypothesis?
Default statement, which contradicts the proposed relationship
I already told you that I don't know. Leave me alone. :(
An incorrect prediction
Positive statement about a relationship between variables
35
What's another word for Crypsis?
Dangerous
Self Aware
Camouflage
Toxic
36
What is considered a Reinforcement?
Effects which increase the likelihood of repeating a behavior
Effects which decrease the likelihood of repeating a behavior
37
Male song-sparrows often have extensive song repertoires.
False
True
38
Which of the following about p-values is true?
Ha! None of these.
P-values greater than 0.05 indicate statistical significance
Represent a margin of error
Indicate the probability that the alternative hypothesis is true
39
What does it mean when two populations have 95% confidence limits that DO NOT overlap?
The sample size was too small
They do not interact
They are statistically different
The population is declining
40
What is a Genotype?
Combination of alleles responsible for heritable phenotypes
Observable characteristics of an individual
Complete genome of a species
Result of a microarray analysis
41
What's Aposematic Coloration?
When an inedible or toxic animal makes itself obvious via bright coloration
When you color outside of the lines and the picture looks busted
When an animal automatically blends to its surrounding environment
When a animal matches its coloration to the one next to it
42
What is a Polyphenism?
A consensual relationship involving more than one partner
When the same genotype produces multiple, similar phenotypic expre
When the same genotype produces multiple discrete phenotypic expressions
43
What is Fitness?
Individual reproductive success
When you get jacked AF
The ability to solve problems in an environment
Being able to successfully prey on another animal
44
Which one is NOT an ideal of science?
Falsifiable
Observable
Like having a graduated cylinder and shit
Parsimonious
45
Rods relate to amount of light.
True
False
46
Mullerian Mimicry?
A sound produced when threatened by a predator
An edible animal is protected by its resemblance to a noxious one
Two or more noxious animals develop similar appearances, share protection
Blending into an environment
47
What are the key components of Classical Conditioning?
Trial and error learning
Conditioning babies to hate Santa
Voluntary learning and reinforcements
Unconscious associations between stimuli
48
What is animal behavior?
Them chickens
Physiology
Physiology + Environmental Stimulus
Animal + Environmental Stimulus
49
The Social Brain Hypotheses asserts that problem solving evolved for social interactions
False
True
50
Proximate causes answer which question?
HOW a behavior happens
WHEN a behavior happens
WHY a behavior happens
51
What is a Phenotype?
The genetic components of a trait
A vasoconstrictor
Observable characteristics of an individual
One life cycle
52
Who developed ultimate and proximate causation?
Stephen J. Gould
Stephen Shuster
Niko Tinbergen
Konrad Lorenz
53
What's a Mimicry?
Evolved resemblance between an organism & specific object or other species
Fake cry for help meant to deceive a predator
When a mime cries :(
Using another organism being attacked to escape predation
54
Who developed Focal-Animal Sampling?
Zane Holditch
Jeanne Altmann
Konrad Lorenz
George Altmann
55
What's the function of DNA Methylation?
Facilitates the joining of DNA strands together
Selective synthesis of one diastereomeric form of a compound
Regulates expression of genes associated with worker roles & queen develop.
Synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides
56
What are the two examples of Non-Associative Learning?
Habituation and Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning and Sensitization
Habituation and Sensitization
Classical and Operant Conditioning
57
Why is it adaptive?
Killing male and female cubs generates more food for the pride
The female lions don't care if new males attack their cubs
The ladies love it
Male cubs under 9 months could present themselves as rivals after 2 years
58
What field did Edward O. Wilson contribute to?
Sociobiology
Ethology
Comparative Psychology
Animal Psychology
59
Getting increasingly annoyed by the same demon lurking in your closet is an example of Sensitization .
False
True
60
Brain size ALWAYS predicts cognitive ability.
True
False
61
Which of these is NOT criteria for Natural Selection?
Heritability
Certain traits are more adaptive than others
Long periods of time
Variation of traits
62
Who developed Trial and Error Learning?
Konrad Lorenz
BF Skinner
Edward Thorndike
Ivan Pavlov
63
Which of these is NOT a trait of an Adaptation?
Has a function related to the environment in which it is found
Includes learned behaviors
Heritable
Directly or indirectly contributes to an organism’s reproductive fitness
64
Instantaneous Sampling?
Behavior of an individual in a group is recorded at predetermined intervals
Recording behavior as it happens in one moment
Actions of one animal are recorded for a specified time period
Yields proportion of time spent per behavior
65
Focal-Animal Sampling?
Actions of one animal are recorded for a specified time period
Taking a sample from an animal's environment
Behavior of an individual in a group is recorded at at predetermined time i
All of the activity that occurs while the animals are being watched
66
What's the definition of Crypsis?
An appearance which reduces detection by potential observers
An appearance which scares off a potential predator
An appearance which draws in your next snack
An appearance which increases detection by potential observers
67
Ultimate causes answer which question?
WHO experiences a behavior
WHY a behavior happens
WHEN a behavior happens
68
Who is associated with Imprinting?
Niko Tinbergen
Jeanne Altmann
Konrad Lorenz
Karl von Frisch
69
Which species did Eric Kandel study for his Nobel Prize winning research?
Elysia
Cyerce
Dolabella
Aplysia
70
Continuous Sampling?
Actions of one animal are recorded for a specified time period
Behavior of an individual in a group is recorded at at predetermined time i
Sampling for as long as possible given adequate time and resources
All of the activity that occurs while the animals are being watched
71
What is Ethology?
Study of people named Ethan
Study of animal behavior, primarily as it occurs within nature
Study of biologic relationships between humans
Study of disease affecting limbs
72
Who developed Operant Conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
John B. Watson
Karl von Frisch
BF Skinner
73
What is considered a Punishment?
Effects which increase the likelihood of repeating a behavior
Effects which decrease the likelihood of repeating a behavior
74
What is Anthropomorphism?
A book series
Attributing human characteristics to animals
When an animal displays human behavior
75
This isn't a question. Think about how developing a taste aversion could be adaptive and/or non-adaptive.
Okay.
But why though?
Duh, I already know this.
76
What is Comparative Psychology?
Whatever the hell they do in PSY 101
Study of the behavior and mental processes of human and non-human animals
Study of the behavior and mental processes of non-human animals
Study of animal behavior, primarily as it occurs within nature
77
Hint for exam: know which animals are Electroreceptive
Got it.
Got it.
Got it.
Got it.
78
What are the key components of Operant Conditioning?
Trial and error learning
Unconscious associations between stimuli
Voluntary learning and reinforcements
A hungry cat in a box
79
Which of these is a key component of Behaviorism?
Behavior is not explained by universality
Behavior is explained by environmental conditioning
Only punishment leads to changes in behavior
Changes in behavior do no arise from reinforcement
80
Yay! Congrats on making it through this.
Yes, I am amazing and majestic.
I still have questions so I'm going to contact Zane and/or Fran.
81
What is Morgan's Canon?
What can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence
Never attribute to malice that which is adequately explained by stupidity
Whatever cannot be settled by experimentation is not worth debate
If animal motivation cannot be discerned, then assume the most parsimonious
82
During the Orgasm Wars, what did Alcock argue?
The female orgasm evolved as an adaptation to facilitate mate choice
The ability to orgasm is not heritable
The female orgasm is comparable to male nipples
That Gould has never sexually pleased a woman
83
Who is considered to be the "Father of Behaviorism?
C. L. Morgan
BF Skinner
Vito Corleone
John B. Watson
84
What is a Deimatic Display?
A part of some mating rituals
A display relating to the son of Ares and Aphrodite
A display that draws in another organism
A display meant to scare off or distract a predator
85
What are Fixed Action Patterns triggered by?
Sign stimuli such as certain patterns or colors or shapes
Ethograms
Pornhub (or Brazzers if you're fancy)
Operant Conditioning
