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Ultimate AP World Modern Review - Graham 2020 Flashcards | StudBud
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Ultimate AP World Modern Review - Graham 2020
Ultimate AP World Modern Review - Graham 2020
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1
All of the following new technologies improved maritime trade and travel from 600-1450 EXCEPT:
The Astrolabe
The Caravel, Fluyt, and Carrack
The Dhow and Junk
The Magnetic Compass
2
The market share of which of the following regions increases the greatest due to industrialization after 1750?
W Europe and the US
China/ East Asia
India/ South Asia
Middle East
3
Which revolution became the only successful slave revolt in world history to est. a new nation-state?
The (North) American Revolution
The French Revolution
The Latin American Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
4
Which of the following revolutions was the first to overthrow the authority of an empire and establish a democracy?
The French Revolution
The Latin American Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
The (North) American Revolution
5
These organizations were created by European merchants and nobles and were often given state monopolies to export goods
Joint-Stock Companies
Limited Liability Corporations (LLCs)
Banking Houses
Stock Markets
6
All of the following social reform movements were inspired by Enlightenment ideals EXCEPT:
Cult of Domesticity Movement
Early Feminist Movement
Abolition Movement
Universal Manhood Suffrage Movement
7
Which of the following is an example of a maritime empire being challenged by local populations in the Early Modern Era?
The Taiping Rebellion
The Sepoy Revolt
The Pueblo Revolt
Cossack Revolts/ Pugachev Rebellion
8
How was the economy of Post-Classical Europe organized?
A craft and manufacturing based economy based on exports
Serfdom labor on agricultural manors
Large cash-crop plantations using slave labor
Mostly free peasant farmers
9
The massive Buddhist temple of Borobudur on the island of Java in SE Asia is an example of...
Technological Diffusion
Cultural Assimilation
Social Conversion
Cultural Diffusion
10
What AP World Region is identified on this map in PURPLE?
Noth Africa
East Africa
West Africa
Middle East
11
Which of the following is NOT an example of an advancement made in gunpowder techs. from 1450-1750?
Machine guns and rifles
Star forts
Ship-mounted cannons (ie. Galleons)
Bombard cannons
12
Which of the following regions experienced a decentralization of political authority after c.600 CE?
Europe
East Asia
West Africa
Middle East
13
Which social groups witnessed a significant DECLINE in their power in the Early Modern Era?
Absolute Monarchs
The Merchants
The Nobility (Aristocrats)
Scholars and Clergy
14
The image below is an example of what practice, used to legitimize the rule of a monarch?
Feudal Obligations
Divine kingship
Tributary Systems
Mandate of Heaven
15
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin and spread c.1750 to 1900 CE?
Britain to the US and Western Europe, then Japan
Western Europe to Japan, then Russia
Japan to the US and Western Europe
Germany to Russia and then to the US
16
Which forms of government were established in the United States, France, Haiti, and in Latin American nation-states?
Communist Regimes
Democratic Republics
Caliphates
Khanates
17
Portuguese state investment by Prince Henry and others in navigation led to...
Colonization of the African interior
The discovery of a Northwest Passage to China
Portuguese discovery of Australia
A global trading-post empire
18
How did the Qing Empire use the Forbidden City below?
To defend China from nomadic invaders.
To demonstrate and legitimize their absolute power to the public.
To assimilate the bureaucracy into Confucian principles.
To train for and administer the civil service exams
19
What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the populations of Afro-Eurasia (E. Hemisphere)?
Migrations slowed across the Atlantic
Africa isolated itself from exchanges
New, nutritious staple crops led to boom in populations
Disease epidemics reduced populations
20
Which diasporic community could be found in the Mediterranean and along the Indian Ocean?
The Arabs
The Jews
The Indians and Malays
The Chinese
21
What form of state allowed for the centralization of authority at the expense of local lords in the Early Modern Era?
absolute monarchies
Feudal states
Democratic republics
constitutional monarchies
22
The use of fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum had all of the following impacts EXCEPT:
Created new renewable energy sources
Increased energy availability
The decline of wood, wind, and water as energy sources in mills
Brought about larger amounts of air and water pollution
23
Which of the following nation-states unified in the Modern Era from fragmented kingdoms and city-states?
Germany and Italy
Greece and Serbia
Mexico and Argentina
Canada and Australia
24
What years represent the MODERN ERA in world history?
c.1750-1900 CE
c.1450-1750 CE
c.600-1450 CE
c.1200-1450 CE
25
Which of the following describes the Atlantic System (a.k.a. Triangular Trade) accurately?
Manufactured goods exported from Americas
Luxuries exported from Asia
Slaves exported from Europe
Raw Materials exported from Americas
26
What is a caliphate?
The religious authority of all Muslims
An Islamic empire that claims to defend the Dar-al-Islam
The collection of Islamic law codes
The principle of Islamic holy war
27
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Early Modern Era?
The Globalization of Networks of Exhange
The decline of land-based empires and monarchs
Increasing use of coerced systems of labor
The rise of gunpowder-based land and maritime empires
28
Extreme devotion to one's ethnic, cultural group to create new states/patriotism is called...
Imperialism
Colonization
Patriotism
Nationalism
29
How were Sub-Saharan African kingdoms (like Kongo and Asante) impacted by European trading posts there?
Europeans quickly colonized these regions
Warfare between them grew as demand for slaves increased
Europeans refused to deal with African states
African states united to repel Europeans
30
How did the Indian Ocean network impact EAST AFRICA from c. 1200-1450?
Epidemic diseases were introduced that weakened the region
Arab diasporic communities brought Islam and the Arabic language
Indian merchants introduced Buddhism and Hinduism
An empire was established from the wealth from trade
31
Which of the following revolutions led to the radical overthrow of an absolute monarch and a Reign of Terror?
The French Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
The (North) American Revolution
The Latin American Revolutions
32
What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas' indigenous peoples (W. Hemisphere)?
Population explosion due to new crops
Increasing sizes of families
Catastrophic population decline due to diseases, like smallpox
Migration of Native Americans to Europe and Africa
33
What technologies diffuse in the Post-Classical Era that have the MOST significant impact on suceeding eras?
Steel metallurgy and the stirrup
Champa rice and silk production
Gunpowder and Paper-making/printing
Stone castle-building and the wind mill
34
What AP World Region is identified on this map in ORANGE?
Latin America
South America
North America
Mesoamerica
35
Which of the following is an example of how states/empires facilitated commerce in the Post-Classical Era?
Merchant construction of caravanserai
Expanding tax farming privileges to local nobles
Hiring of privateers to raid rival shipping routes
Song expansion of the Grand Canal
36
Which of the following is NOT an example of a growing mystical religious movement from 1200-1450 CE?
Zen Buddhism
Confucianism
Bhakti Movement
Sufism
37
All of the following factors contributed to industrialization in the late 1700s EXCEPT:
A large population
Availability of a labor force
Access to raw material such as coal, timber, iron
Accumulation of capital investment
38
What was the purpose of state construction of monumental architecture, like the Aztec Templo Mayor below?
To encourage cultural toleration
To display the power and permanence of the state
To house growing populations
To improve the standard of living
39
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Post-Classical Era?
New forms of states were created - feudal, khanates, Islamic, etc.
The emergence and diffusion of Islam
The first interregional empires were established.
Intensification of Interregional Exchanges
40
Which diasporic community introduced Mahayana Buddhism to Southeast Asia in the Post-Classical Era?
The Jews
The Indians and Malays
The Chinese
The Arabs
41
What are the dates covered in this year's AP World: Modern Exam?
1200 CE to 1900 CE
600 CE to 2000 CE
600 BCE to 600 CE
Beginnings to c.2000 CE
42
Which of the following was NOT an example of a technological or cultural transfer from the Dar-al-Islam?
Navigational and astronomical tools - telescope and astrolabe
Preservation of Greek and Roman texts
Champa rice and silk production techniques
Algebra and Arabic Numerals
43
Aside from the first transoceanic voyages of Spain and Portugal, all of these states colonized the Americas EXCEPT:
The English/British
The Netherlands (Dutch)
The French
The Germans
44
What kinds of luxury goods were exported from the Middle East in the Post-Classical Era?
Horses, leather, wool textiles
Rugs/carpets, glassware, incense, steel weapons
Spices, cotton textiles, ivory
Silk, porcelain, jade, laquerware
45
Older navigational technologies were adapted to create improved ones by Europeans such as the...
The magnetic compass
The caravel, carrack, and fluyt
The telescope and sextant
The astrolabe
46
The biological transfer of plants, animals, and diseases is known as the...
The Triangular Trade Network
The Columbian Exchange
The Atlantic Circuit
The Great Dying
47
Where were the bulk of European colonies located in the Early Modern Era?
East and South Asia
Australia, SE Asia, and Oceania
The Americas
Sub-Saharan Africa
48
How did networks of exchange become GLOBAL after 1450?
Travelers moved from one side of Eurasia to another
The Americas were integrated into European empires
Migrations of peoples from the Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Eurasia became linked to Sub-Saharan Africa
49
How did Ming China and the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan respond to increasing European involvement the the E. Hemisphere?
Restricted contacts and isolated from Europeans
Waged direct wars against European empires
Sent their over transoceanic voyages to the Americas
Invested in developing more advanced gunpowder techs.
50
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Modern Era?
Global Conflicts that Weakened Empires
The Rise of Nationalism through Revolutions
Global Migrations Intensify
Industrialization of the Economy
51
All of the following commercial practices increased the use of long-distance trade from 600-1450 CE EXCEPT:
Paper money and "flying cash" (checks)
Bills of exchange and credit
Banking Houses
Joint-stock companies
52
All of the following environmental impacts resulted from the Columbian Exchange EXCEPT:
Increasing biodiversity globally
Deforestation for plantation agriculture
Introduction of invasive plants and animals
Soil erosion from grazing livestock
53
As religious devotion grew, so did states using religious warfare to accomplish goals. Which is NOT a religious war?
The Great Schism
The Crusades
Jihad of Middle East and N. Africa
Reconquista of Spain
54
All of these were Land-Based Early Modern Empires that used gunpowder and absolutism to expand EXCEPT:
The Portuguese Empire
The Qing/Manchu Empire
The Ottoman Empire
The Russian Empire
55
What economic theory accepted by European powers from 1450-1750, led to increased restrictions on trade and rivalries?
Capitalism
Socialism
Communism
Mercantilism
56
Why do world historians say the Crusades was MOST significant?
It re-integrated Europe into larger networks of exchange
It unified Christians and Muslims
It fragmented the power of the Byzantine Empire
It depopulated Europe's elites
57
What years represent the EARLY MODERN ERA in world history?
c.1750-1900
c.1900-Present
c.1450-1750
c.1200-1450
58
What does interregional mean?
From one side of a region to another.
From one region into another
Within a single region.
Across the globe.
59
How did the Song dynasty use the tribute system to consolidate their power in East Asia?
To assimilate surrounding cultures
To spread Confucian ideals of filial piety
To demonstrate their status and superiority to surrounding states
To provide citizenship benefits to its people.
60
How did empires increase tax revenues to fund growing militaries and construction projects?
Tax farming, increasing tribute, and tariffs from trade
Reducing taxes to encourage more trade volumes
Sponsoring joint-stock companies
Deregulating trade to make markets free
61
Which of the following states incorporated a more elaborate centralization through the use of a scholar-bureaucracy?
Song Empire
Delhi Sultanate
Kingdom of France
Maya City-States
62
Footbinding in Song China, Veiling in the Dar-al-Islam, and Sati in Indian states are all examples of...
Emerging feminism
Social Stratification
Intensifying patriarchy
Social hierarchy
63
What AP World Region is identified on this map in YELLOW?
Southeast Asia
East Asia
South Asia
Middle East
64
Colonial economies depended on coerced labor systems to operate mines and cash-crop plantations including all EXCEPT:
Indentured Servitude
The mita system
Convict Labor
The Encomienda/Hacienda
65
The centralization of production of goods organized by a highly specialized division of unskilled labor is called...
Craft Production
Trade Unions
Guild Organizations
The Factory System
66
Which of the following is an example of a land-based empire being challenged by local populations?
Ana Nzinga's Revolt
The Fronde
King Phillip's War
Pugachev's Rebellion
67
Why did states and empires of the Post-Classical era increasingly sponsor specific religions?
To provide protection to minorities
To unify diverse peoples and legitimize rule
To reduce religious conflicts
To provide spiritual enrichment
68
Which land-based empire in RED on the map coerced Christian minorities to become elite soldiers known as janissaries?
The Qing/Manchu Empuire
The Russian Empire
The Mughal Empire
The Ottoman Empire
69
What goods were exported from WEST AFRICA along the Trans-Saharan network?
Gold, salt, slaves
Glassware, incense, dyes, rugs
Ivory, animal skins, exotic woods
Wine, olives, wool textiles
70
How did families and gender roles change in response to the Atlantic Slave Trade from c. 1450-1750?
More females were exported to the Americas
Polygamy increased in Africa
Slave families grew larger in the Americas
Patriarchy was challenged in Africa
71
Political ideals from the Enlightenment were reflected in all of these documents EXCEPT:
The Declaration of Independence
The Jamaica Letter
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
The Communist Manifesto
72
The rapid diffusion of the Black Death in the 1300s reveals WHAT characteristic of the Post-Classical Era?
States were too small and decentralized to respond to the pandemic
Regions were isolated and influenced very little by trade
Secular thinking became more popular
Pathogens diffused along well-integrated networks
73
What environmental knowledge and adaptations allowed for increased volumes of trade in the Indian Ocean?
The Monsoon Wind Patterns
The Trade Winds of the Atlantic
Ocean currents in the Pacific
Knowledge of Typhoons
74
How did the Dar-al-Islam facilitate the diffusion of technologies and ideas?
By establishing a secular society for scholars.
Through the development of long-distance infrastructure
By continual jihads and raids against neighboring regions
The Hajj and sponsorship of science and the arts - cosmopolitan blending
75
All of the following technologies facilitated the growth of land-based networks from 600-1450 EXCEPT:
Caravanserai
The stirrup
The compass
The Astrolabe
76
The travels of Marco Polo, Ibn Battuta, and Margery Kempe illustrate WHAT process from c.1200-1450?
Isolation by states prevailed
Xenophobia led to more restrictions on trade
Long-distance travel was becoming more common
Travelers feared the influence of foreign cultures
77
How did the Aztec (Mexica) Empire use the tribute system to consolidate power in Mesoamerica?
To seize captives as slaves and offer them as sacrifices
To provide gifts to local leaders to ensure loyalty
To encourage migration into the Aztec Empire
To distribute food to outlying villages
78
Spanish state sponsorship of Columbus' voyages by Ferdinand and Isabella led to...
European conquest and colonization of the Americas
European control of the Indian Ocean Basin
The decline of the Ottoman and Mughal Empires
Industrialization of Spain's economy
79
Which of the following minorities were oppressed by the Russian Empire by restricting their settlement?
Orthodox Christians
Hindus
Catholic Christians
Jews (Anti-Semitism)
80
What of the following is NOT an example of a new state form in the Post-Classical Era?
Feudal States
Khanates
Islamic States (Caliphates and Sultanates)
Empire
81
Which state grew powerful from control and development of the Trans-Saharan network?
Swahili City-States
Mali Empire
Mamluk Sultanate
Kingdom of Ethiopia
82
The Trans-Pacific Network was the first to link multiple regions globally through the trade of WHAT mined commodity?
Gold
Copper
Silver
Diamonds
83
Why are the Mongols MOST significant to world history?
Cavalry and siege tactics and technologies used
Uniting Eurasia and diffusing technologies like paper-making and gunpowder
Building an empires from tribes of herders
Genghis khan had millions of descendents
84
All of the following were Enlightenment ideas EXCEPT:
Social Contract Theory
Popular Sovereignty
Protection of Natural Rights
Divine Right of Kings
85
Which of the following mass production methods greatly increases speed and efficiency?
Assembly Line and Interchangeable Parts
Apprenticeships and Licensing
Formation of LLCs
The Factory Acts
86
How did the Mongol Empire (and other states) promote interregional trade and travel?
Issued currencies and taxed/regulated trade
Maintained infrastructure (roads, walls, bridges, canals)
All of the above
Protected merchants and travelers
87
The casta system created a new group of elites known as _________ that used racial ideologies to cement their power.
Mestizos
Mulattoes
Peninsulares
Creoles
88
All of the following motivated initial Western European transoceanic exploration EXCEPT:
To locate a direct sea route to South and Eastern Asia for luxury markets
To set up settler colonies to control vast territories
To build prestige for an explorer and their sponsoring kingdom
Desire to spread Christianity to new lands
89
Which of the following Early Modern empires did NOT have a political, economic, and/or religious rivalry?
Spain and Portugal
Russia and Spain
England (Britain) and France
Ottomans and Safavids
90
Which of the following faiths represented a syncretic blend of Islam and Hinduism?
Daoism
Shintoism
Sikhism
Sufism
91
What event/s began the Postclassical Era of world history around c. 600 CE?
The decline of Classical Empires (Roman, Han, Gupta)
The discovery of the Americas by Europeans
The beginning of interregional trade.
The rise of Christianity.
92
What kinds of goods were primarily traded along the interregional exchange networks?
Staple Goods
Luxury Goods
Manufactured Goods
Inferior Goods
93
What is
industrialization
?
The process of migrating into cities
The process of using manual labor to cultivate cash-crops
The process of using coerced labor to improve public works
The process of using machines to produce goods in factories.
94
Which way of life BEST describes the Mongols as an ethnicity?
Agricultural city-states
Travelling merchants along the Silk Roads
Nomadic hunters and foragers
Tribes of shamanistic pastoralists
95
Which expanding trade network is colored in RED on the map below?
The Trans-Saharan
The Silk Roads
The Mediterranean
The Indian Ocean Basin
96
All of the following powerful trading cities emerged along interregional trade networks from 600-1450 EXCEPT:
Calicut on the Indian Ocean
Baghdad on the Silk Roads
Timbuktu on the Trans-Saharan
New York and Havana on the Atlantic
97
Why do so many trade networks expand and increase their volumes during from 600-1450 CE?
A massive population boom caused by new agricultural methods
New technologies of trade and protection of states/empires
Empires fell and taxes were not charged as often
The Black Death pandemic ended
98
Which region saw a golden age of rising economic and political influence in the Early Modern Era?
East Asia
The Americas
Western Europe
The Middle East
99
Christianity was transformed in ALL of the following ways from c.1450-1750 EXCEPT:
Missionary efforts converted the majority of peoples in the Americas
Syncretic religions like Voodoo and cults emerged
The Crusades united Christians against Muslims
The faith divided during the Protestant Reformation
100
What was the main idea of the Enlightenment, that helped spark the Atlantic Revolutions of the Modern Era?
The Upper Classes should be abolished
Human reason can solve problems
Traditions should be protected
Monarchs have divine authority to rule