stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
Chemistry. Ingredients, and Skin Care Products (StateBoard Prep) Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
Chemistry. Ingredients, and Skin Care Products (StateBoard Prep)
Chemistry. Ingredients, and Skin Care Products (StateBoard Prep)
100 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
255 plays
Milady Esthetics State Board Exam Review Pivot point review
Flashcards
100 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
100
Answers
1
Which ingredient listed below is compatible with both water and oil?
humectant
fatty acid
surfactant
emulsifier
2
What vitamin has NOT been used in skin care products as an antioxidant?
vitamin E
vitamin B
vitamin A
vitamin C
3
What are botanicals made from?
recycled plastic
chemicals
plants and herbs
animal fats
4
What is coenzyme Q10?
emulsifier
preservative
antioxidant
exfoliant
5
The smallest complete unit of an element is called a(n):
electron
proton
neutron
atom
6
The solid, or dissolved part, of a solution is called the:
suspension
saturation point
solvent
solute
7
What is NOT true of glycerin?
it is formed by a decomposition of oils or fats
it is a very weak water binder
it is an excellent skin softener
it is an excellent humectant
8
Organic acids extracted from a variety of natural sources such as fruits, sugar and milk are called:
hydroxy acids
enzymes
dimethicone copolyol
vitamins
9
What is aromatherapy?
therapeutic use of scented candles in the treatment room
practice of focusing acupuncture on the nose and nostrils
therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oils
practice of focusing massage on the nose and nostrils
10
What is mechanical exfoliation?
physical method of rubbing dead cells off the skin
use of machines to draw pus from a whitehead
use of machines to push product deeper into the skin
physical method of drawing pus from a whitehead
11
What are fatty acids?
antioxidant ingredients derived solely from animal fats
lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils or animal fats
excessive lymph discharges common in overweight clients
excessive sebum discharges common in overweight clients
12
What products coat the skin and reduce friction?
antioxidants
acids
lubricants
emulsifiers
13
What's an emollient w/ moisturizing properties/emulsifier w/ high water absorption abilities?
lanolin
jojoba
papaya
chamomile
14
What is another term for exfoliation?
excoriation
binding
sloughing
emulsification
15
The molecular weight of each element is determined by the:
protons and electrons
protons and neutrons
neutrons and electrons
protons
16
What does the term "comedogenicity" refer to?
scientific study of the genetics of comedones
tendency of any substance to inhibit the rise of blackheads
some ethnicities tend to have more comedones than others
tendency of any substance to trigger the rise of blackheads
17
Cosmetic ingredient that is considered a drug product by FDA guidelines; functions by blocking sun rays or UV radiation?
fragrance
antioxidant
sunscreen
lightener
18
What term refers to products intended to improve the skin's health and appearance?
cosmetics
epidermals
estheticals
cosmeceuticals
19
What do emulsifiers cause to mix in order to form an emulsion?
oil and lymph
lymph and water
lymph and sebum
oil and water
20
What is mineral oil?
lubricant derived from petroleum
antioxidant derived from sebum
antioxidant derived from petroleum
lubricant derived from sebum
21
Which of the following examples of silicone makes a product feel soft, especially sunscreens?
dimethicone
cyclomethicone
dimethicone copolyol
propylparaben
22
The process of a solid or gas changing states without becoming a liquid is known as:
sublimation
chemical change
energy
physical change
23
Groups of monomers that bond together are called:
polymers
saccharide
monomers
disaccharides
24
Where in the body is alpha liponic acid found?
striated muscle cells
every cell
blood cells
nerve cells
25
What is exfoliation?
peeling or sloughing of the outer layer of the skin
thorough cleansing of the skin with soap and hot water
careful removal of a clay or paraffin mask from the skin
use of chemicals to reduce size of inner layers of the skin
26
What is papaya (Papain) used for?
hydration
moisturizing
pigmentation
exfoliation
27
What do clay masks do as they dry and tighten?
seal follicles
extract facial hairs
rupture comedones
draw impurities to the surface
28
What is NOT true of benzoyl peroxide?
it is commonly used for acne
it is a type of alpha hydroxy acid
it is commonly used for blemishes
it is a drying agent
29
A mixture of two or more compounds in which each component is evenly dispersed is called a:
suspension
gel
powder
solution
30
Which of the following have a positive electrical charge and identify the atom?
ions
protons
electrons
neutrons
31
Which of the following is created by chemically uniting two different elements?
atom
molecule
compound
element
32
All of the following statements about the Period Table of Chemical Elements are true EXCEPT:
the atomic number is the primary basis for organization
Dmitri Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer found ways of arranging elements
the unifying concept used to organize elements is called scientific shorth
there are 92 naturally occurring elements
33
What is the liquid part of a solution called?
saturation point
solute
suspension
solvent
34
What number identifies how many protons are in a single atom of an element on the periodic table?
electron number
atomic number
atom number
chemical number
35
All of the following statements are true about physical changes EXCEPT:
changes always involve either the gain or loss of energy
chemical structure does not change
freezing water to form ice cubes is an example of a physical change
a new substance possessing different material composition is created
36
When is a manufacturer responsible for a client's allergic reaction to a product?
when product is purchased in bulk and repackaged by salon
when the product is used as an ingredient in a salon mixture
when product is taken directly from manufacturer's packaging
when the client ignores warnings on the product's label
37
Ingredients used in certain types of treatment products to prevent skin inflammation & damage due to free radicals are:
hypoallergenic
antibacterials
antioxidants
comedogenics
38
What is grapeseed extract?
powerful exfoliant with stimulating properties
powerful exfoliant with soothing properties
powerful antioxidant with stimulating properties
powerful antioxidant with soothing properties
39
What are mucopolysaccharides?
carbohydrate-lymph complexes
carbohydrate-lipid complexes
healthy mucous membranes
irritated mucous membranes
40
What are hydrators?
ingredients that repel water from the skin's surface
ingredients that attract water to the skin's surface
machines used to extract water from the skin's surface
machines used to apply water to the skin's surface
41
What are liposomes?
closed-lipid bilayer spheres
open-lipid unilayer spores
closed-lipid unilayer spores
open-lipid bilayer spheres
42
All of the following statements about amino acids are true EXCEPT:
they consist of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen & nitrogen
they join together in chains to form proteins
there are 22 common amino acids
they dissolve and break down large molecules
43
What form of matter has definite weight, volume and shape?
solid
liquid
gas
sublimation
44
What is the strongest of our five senses?
sight
touch
taste
smell
45
What types of atoms are not missing any electrons in their outermost orbit shell?
unstable atoms
molecules
stable atoms
compound atoms
46
What is NOT true of polymers?
they are chemical compounds
they release substances at a microscopically controlled rate
they are formed by small molecules
they are botanicals
47
What are the basic units of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by any chemical reaction called?
electrons
atoms
neutrons
elements
48
What are performance ingredients?
ingredients that cause actual changes in appearance of skin
ingredients used to give products distinct shape and texture
ingredients that stimulate blood circulation/increase energy
ingredients included to elongate the shelf life of products
49
What is an ampoule?
popular botanical cream
needle used for injections
small, sealed vial
family of chemical products
50
The type of chemistry that deals with matter that was never living and does not contain carbon is called:
organic chemistry
active chemistry
inorganic chemistry
biochemistry
51
What is NOT a natural source of salicylic acid?
wintergreen
jojoba
willow bark
sweet birch
52
The center of the atom is known as the:
neutrons
proton
nucleus
membrane
53
What are detergents a type of?
surfactant
antioxidant
exfoliant
emollient
54
What is a possible advantage of synthetic ingredients over natural ingredients?
less environmental impact
decreased chemical content
shorter shelf life
fewer allergic reactions
55
What plant extract has calming and soothing properties?
blackcurrant
chamomile
ginseng
honeybush
56
What are the basic materials that the body uses to construct and renew itself?
carbohydrates
saccharides
proteins
lipids
57
All of the following statements about compounds are true EXCEPT:
more than four million chemical compounds have been identified
have unique chemical and physical characteristics
are basic units of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substance
created by the union of two different elements
58
A change in a substance that creates a new substance w/ different characteristics from those of the original substance:
phase change
chemical structure
physical change
chemical change
59
When positive and negative ions join, they are held together by a(n):
ionic bond
oxidation-reduction reaction
compound
covalent bond
60
What allows for the suspension of small particle solids in a base by creating a supporting structure to prevent settling
botanicals
emollients
humectants
thickeners
61
How many naturally occurring elements are there?
72
102
82
92
62
Of the following products, which is a finely ground solid that is mixed evenly with additional ingredients?
ointments
powders
gels
aerosols
63
What are ceramides?
family of lipid materials a part of the intercellular matrix
bacteria that cause itching in the surface of the skin
dead skin cells that clog follicles and cause comedones
astringents that have moisturizing/antibacterial properties
64
You can keep your clients’ skin in top shape by doing all of the following EXCEPT:
selecting and recommending the right product for home care
using harsh soaps and cleansers without a toner or moisturizer
treating each client with products that balance the individual’s pH
reading labels knowledgeably
65
What is a chelating agent?
chemical added to increase the grit of a product
chemical added to improve the efficacy of the preservative
chemical added to improve the thickness of a product
chemical added to soften the aroma of a product
66
What term refers to skin-refreshing lotions with a low alcohol content?
conditioners
antibiotics
fresheners
moisturizers
67
What ingredient is used in cosmetic products to keep them firm, yet soft and easy to apply to the skin?
surfactants
fatty acids
humectants
emollients
68
What term refers to the use of plant extracts for therapeutic benefits?
ecotherapy
phyotherapy
green therapy
arboratherapy
69
What is jojoba?
oil extracted from the acorns that grow on oak trees
exfoliating agent made from gritty sand of tropical beaches
oil extracted from the bean-like seeds of a desert shrub
moisturizing agent made from Pacific Ocean seaweed
70
What is NOT true of tissue respiratory factor (TRF)?
it is an anti-inflammatory ingredient
it is a natural antibiotic
it is a moisturizing ingredient
it is derived from yeast cells
71
All of the following statements about carbohydrates are true EXCEPT:
they include monosaccharides such as glucose
they play a key role in metabolism
they are used by the body to store energy
they contain a combination of carbon hydrogen & nitrogen aranged in a chain
72
What are astringents?
oil-laden liquids used to increase the oiliness of the skin
liquids that help remove excess oil on the skin
cotton pads used to dab excess sebum from the skin's surface
cotton pads used to dab excess lymph from the skin's surface
73
What term refers to an exfoliating cream that is rubbed off the skin?
gommage
emulsifier
humectant
paraben
74
What is the smallest particle of a compound that contains all of the chemical properties of that compound?
atom
neutron
element
molecule
75
The unifying concept used to organize elements and their similarities is called the:
periodic law
atomic number
periodic table
element
76
What is NOT among the purposes of functional ingredients in cosmetic products?
allowing products to spread
giving products body and texture
giving products specific form
making products affordable
77
The type of chemistry that deals with all matter that is now living or was alive at one time is known as:
biochemistry
inorganic chemistry
organic chemistry
active chemistry
78
What are peptides?
chains of red blood cells
chains of amino acids
chains of fibroblasts
chains of white blood cells
79
What is NOT among the components of lipids?
phospholipids
sterols
botanicals
ceramides
80
What is NOT an area requiring approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)?
cosmetics manufacturing
cosmetics safety
cosmetics labeling
cosmetics claims
81
Which of the following are materials that dissolve and break down large molecules into smaller ones?
proteins
enzymes
carbohydrates
lipids
82
What is the vitamin of which retinol is the natural form?
vitamin D
vitamin C
vitamin B
vitamin A
83
What is NOT true of petroleum jelly?
it is an occlusive agent
it is commonly used after laser surgery
it dehydrates the skin
it holds water in the skin
84
What are alpha hydroxy acids?
the active ingredients in most dandruff-control shampoos
exfoliating products that tighten bonds between living cells
exfoliating products that loosen bonds between dead cells
the active ingredients in most acne-treatment medications
85
Which of the following is a process in which a substance gains an electron and oxygen is released?
ionic bonding
covalent bonding
reduction
oxidation
86
What is the term for substances such as mineral dyes that give products color?
chromophores
color additives
color ingredients
colorants
87
What is NOT something from which healing agents are made?
licorice
recycled plastics
aloe
chamomile
88
What is glycerin?
binder
exfoliant
antibiotic
astringent
89
Which of the following ingredients are commonly used to deliver a variety of benefits to the skin?
lighteners
coloring agents
vitamins
botanicals
90
The chemical behavior of an atom depends mostly on the:
number of neutrons only
number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus
number of electrons in the outermost shell
number of electrons in the innermost shell
91
The scientific study of matter, physical & chemical changes affecting matter & the energy changes that accompany it:
anatomy
histology
physiology
chemistry
92
What is potassium hydroxide?
strong acid used in soaps and creams
strong alkali used in soaps and creams
weak acid used in soaps and creams
weak alkali used in soaps and creams
93
What is the even dispersion of a solid substance in a liquid base called?
solvent
saturation
suspension
solution
94
A simple unit of a carbohydrate is called a:
saccharide
disaccharide
monosaccharide
polysaccharide
95
Which ingredients are included in cosmetic products to maintain microbiological integrity or product quality?
thickeners
preservatives
viscosity modifiers
chelating agents
96
When is the salon responsible for a client's allergic reaction to a product?
when the client ignores warnings on the product's label
when product is purchased in bulk and repackaged by salon
when product is taken directly from manufacturer's packaging
when client buys the product directly from the manufacturer
97
What is NOT true of aloe vera?
it's the least popular botanical for cosmetic formulations
it has hydrating and softening quailties, among others
it's the most popular botanical for cosmetic formulations
it is an emollient and film-forming gum resin
98
Which of the following release a hydrogen ion and are positively charged?
acids
bases
potential hydrogen
alkaline
99
What are lakes?
botanical emulsifiers
insoluble antioxidants
insoluble pigments
botanical moisturizers
100
Matter with definite weight, but indefinite volume and shape are:
liquid
gas
solid
compound
