What is the principal reason for the seasons on Earth?

Axial tilt of Earth at 23.5 degrees

What is the value of the speed of light?

3.0 x 10 8 m/s, 3.0 x 10 5 km/s

What is the relationship between frequency and energy with respect to the electromagnetic spectrum?

Higher the frequency higher the energy

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency with respect to the electromagnetic spectrum?

Shorter the wavelength higher the frequency

What is the major effect of the tilted axis of Earth?

The annual seasons we experience

What is the general property of any wave?

Waves carry energy from place to place without disturbing the medium

What were the main concepts of the Copernican revolution (heliocentric model of the solar system)?

Stars are much further away from us than our Sun, Earth and the planets rotate around the sun, Sun is at the center of the Solar system

Explain the precession of Earth and how it causes the Zodiac to slip gradually to the East.

Earth woobles like a top gradually causing the Zodiac to slip to the east

Why do we see the same side of the Moon at all times?

Earth shares a synchronous orbit with the moon

What physical phenomenon causes the generation of electromagnetic waves?

Accelerating Electric Charges - protons - for gamma rays, Accelerating Electric Charges - electrons - up to X-Rays

If our galaxy were scaled to the size of a football field - how big would our entire solar system be?

Tip of a blade of grass on the 30 yard line

What is Kepler's second law?

Planets move at different speeds in their orbits - equal area/equal time

What makes a theory scientific?

Can be tested, Cannot be proven 100% correct - falsifiability

Why can't we actually take a picture our galaxy the Milky Way?

Its so big and vast we could never travel outside of it to take a picture, light takes 100,000 years just to reach the edge of the galaxy impossible

What is the basic property of wavelength?

Distance measured from trough to trough in meters for example, Distance measured from peak to peak in meters for example

Astrology is a pseudo science because of which of the following?

Actually can't be proven false, Cannot be tested - not truly measurable, Uses gross generalities to explain behaviors on any given day

Why do we see different constellations throughout the year?

As we orbit the Sun we see different portions of the sky

What is an example of a transverse wave?

Electromagnetic radiation/light

What are the principal characteristics of a star that can be determined from a blackbody diagram?

Temperature of the star, Spherical diameter of the star

How do you explain the color you see for example when someone is wearing a bright yellow shirt?

Shirt is reflecting only yellow light, Shirt is absorbing the other wavelengths

What has been used to prove Einstein's Theory of General Relativity?

The bending of light in space as it passes by large masses

What is meant by the inverse square law property of Newton's Universal Law of Gravity?

Force is inversely proportional to distance squared(1/d2) between 2 masses

Why can’t sound propagate in a vacuum?

Sound needs a medium - i.e. air to propagate

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Introduction to Astronomy Fall 2024 - Section 11

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Questions 81

Answers

1
What is the principal reason for the seasons on Earth?
Moon's gravity
Distance from the Sun
Axial tilt of Earth at 23.5 degrees
Eccentric orbit
2
What is the value of the speed of light?
3.0 x 10 8 m/s
3.0 x 10 5 km/s
340 m/s
None of the above
3
What is the name for the bending of light when transmitting from a low density medium to a high density medium?
Absorption
Diffraction
Reflection
Refraction
4
What is true about the frequency, that is the pitch of the siren of a fire engine as it moves away from you?
Depends on the air temperature
Frequency (pitch) is lower
Frequency (pitch) is higher
Frequency (pitch) is unchanged
5
What is the length of a solar day?
23 hours & 56 minutes
24 hours & 4 minutes
12 hours
24 hours
6
What is the relationship between frequency and energy with respect to the electromagnetic spectrum?
Lower the frequency higher the energy
Higher the frequency higher the energy
Frequency and energy are independent
Higher the frequency lower the energy
7
Temperature scale - F° what temperatures does water freeze and boil at?
0, 100
None of the above
273, 373
32, 212
8
What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency with respect to the electromagnetic spectrum?
Shorter the wavelength higher the frequency
Wavelength and frequency are independent
Shorter the wavelength lower the frequency
Depends on the medium
9
What is the major effect of the tilted axis of Earth?
The annual seasons we experience
The phases of the Moon
Severe weather such as hurricanes and tornadoes
The tides
10
The coordinates of the Winter Solstice are?
6 hours, +23.5 degrees
0 hours, 0 degrees
18 hours, -23.5 degrees
12 hours, 0 degrees
11
What is the general property of any wave?
The wave is what you do when you are at a footbal game
Waves carry energy from place to place without disturbing the medium
Ocean waves carry surfers
Waves carry sounds
12
What are the paths of visible stars at the poles?
Rise in the east, dip south, set west
Move horizontally
Circumpolar
None of the above
13
There is a dark side of the moon.
True
False
14
What is true about the frequency, that is the pitch of the siren of a fire engine as it approaches you (Doppler Effect)?
Frequency (pitch) is unchanged
Depends on the air temperature
Frequency (pitch) is higher
Frequency (pitch) is lower
15
What are the main ideas of the geocentric model of our solar system?
Sun rotates around Earth
Earth is at the center of the Universe
all planets rotate around Earth
All of the above
16
What were the main concepts of the Copernican revolution (heliocentric model of the solar system)?
Stars are much further away from us than our Sun
Earth and the planets rotate around the sun
Planets travel in ellipses
Sun is at the center of the Solar system
17
Explain the precession of Earth and how it causes the Zodiac to slip gradually to the East.
Zodiac doesn't move this is false
Sun woobles on the ecliptic
Earth woobles like a top gradually causing the Zodiac to slip to the east
Zodiac woobles like a top gradually causing the Earth to slip to the east
18
Why do we see the same side of the Moon at all times?
This isn't the case we see a different face
Depends on what phase of the moon you are seeing
Because the Moon has a light and a dark side
Earth shares a synchronous orbit with the moon
19
What physical phenomenon causes the generation of electromagnetic waves?
Accelerating Electric Charges - protons - for gamma rays
Sound waves
Accelerating Electric Charges - electrons - up to X-Rays
Water waves
20
If our galaxy were scaled to the size of a football field - how big would our entire solar system be?
Tip of a blade of grass on the 30 yard line
Golf ball on the 30 yard line
Football on the 30 yard line
Baseball on the 30 yard line
21
How did Galileo determine that the geocentric model was just not correct?
All of the above
Observed the phases and variations in size of Venus
Found Moons orbiting Juptier
Observed moutains on the Moon
22
The coordinates of the Summer Solstice are?
0 hours, 0 degrees
18 hours, -23.5 degrees
12 hours, 0 degrees
6 hours, +23.5 degrees
23
What are the analogous coordinates for longitude on the celestial sphere?
Right Ascension
Parallax
Declination
Parabola
24
What is Kepler's second law?
Planets move in synchronous orbits
Planets move in retrograde
Planets move at different speeds in their orbits - equal area/equal time
Planets move at constant speeds
25
The Moon's shadow on the Earth causes what type of an eclipse?
Lunar eclipse
Annual ecliptic
Solar eclipse
Depends on the node
26
What makes a theory scientific?
Only if has been proven to be a law
Can be proven 100% correct
Can be tested
Cannot be proven 100% correct - falsifiability
27
What is the direction of rotation of the celestial sphere?
Counter clockwise
Stationary doesn't rotate
Retorgrade
Clockwise
28
Why can't we actually take a picture our galaxy the Milky Way?
Its so big and vast we could never travel outside of it to take a picture
We have taken a picture this is false
It doesn't emit enough visible light
light takes 100,000 years just to reach the edge of the galaxy impossible
29
What is the direction of rotation for the Earth?
Clockwise
Stationary doesn't rotate
Counter clockwise
Retorgrade
30
What is the basic property of wavelength?
Depends on if it’s a longitudinal or transverse wave
Distance measured from trough to trough in meters for example
Distance measured from "zero" line to peak of the wave
Distance measured from peak to peak in meters for example
31
At any given time 50% of the Moon's surface is illuminated by the Sun.
True
False
32
What is a great example of a longitudinal wave?
Ocean
Sound
Electromagnetic
Water
33
Where did Copernicus’ model fall short?
Assumed ellitpical orbits
Assumed synchronous orbits
Assumed stationary orbits
Assumed circular orbits
34
Astrology is a pseudo science because of which of the following?
Actually can't be proven false
Cannot be tested - not truly measurable
Actually can be proven to be 100% true
Uses gross generalities to explain behaviors on any given day
35
Earth is the center of the known Universe.
True
False
36
Why do we see different constellations throughout the year?
As we orbit the Sun we see different portions of the sky
Constellations are moving around Earth
Constellations are moving around the Sun
Constellations are moving around in our Galaxy
37
What is an example of a transverse wave?
Ocean
Electromagnetic radiation/light
Water
Sound
38
What are the principal characteristics of a star that can be determined from a blackbody diagram?
Temperature of the star
Spherical diameter of the star
Age of the star
Distance to the star
39
How do you explain the color you see for example when someone is wearing a bright yellow shirt?
Shirt is reflecting only yellow light
Shirt is emitting only yellow light
Shirt is absorbing the other wavelengths
You can only see yellow light in this case
40
Temperature scale - C° what temperatures does water freeze and boil at?
None of the above
32, 212
0, 100
273, 373
41
Earth's shadow on the Moon causes what type of an eclipse?
Depends on the node
Solar eclipse
Annular ecliptic
Lunar Eclipse
42
What has been used to prove Einstein's Theory of General Relativity?
Is incorrect Newton's Universal Law of Gravity is the correct law
Large masses physically bend time space to make it curved
The bending of light in space as it passes by large masses
Has never been proven
43
Temperature scales - F° value of absolute 0?
-459
-273
0
None of the above
44
How long will it take Voyager to reach our closest star Alpha Centauri?
1,000,000 years
We don't know
10 light years
40,000 years
45
What is Newton's second law of motion?
a= m/F
1/a = F/m
a=F/m or F=ma
None of the above
46
What was the name of the Greek mathematician that originally proposed the heliocentric solar system?
Einstein
Aristotle
Aristarchus
Newton
47
What is meant by the inverse square law property of Newton's Universal Law of Gravity?
Force is inversely proportional to the distance between 2 masses
Depends on the planet you are on
Force is directly proportional to the distance between 2 masses
Force is inversely proportional to distance squared(1/d2) between 2 masses
48
Temperature scales - K value of absolute 0?
0
-273
-459
None of the above
49
The coordinates of the Vernal Equinox are?
0 hours, 0 degrees
12 hours, 0 degrees
18 hours, -23.5 degrees
6 hours, +23.5 degrees
50
Why can’t sound propagate in a vacuum?
Sound needs a medium - i.e. air to propagate
Too hot in a vacuum
It's too cold in a vacuum
No one there to hear the noise from a sound wave
51
You can reach absolute zero - that is 0 K. (-459 F°, -273C°)
True
False
52
When I apply a force say when I lean on a wall the wall pushes back on me with an equal amount of force.
False
True
53
Temperature scales - C° value of absolute 0?
-459
0
-273
None of the above
54
What do light years measure?
Mass
Frequency
Distance
Time
55
What is Kepler's first law?
Planets move in circular orbits
Planets move in retrograde
None of the above
Planets move in elliptical orbits
56
What is Kepler's third law?
p2 = a3
p1 = a5
a is measured in astronomical units (AU)
p is measured in years
57
Any heated body above absolute (0 K) emits blackbody radiation.
True
False
58
If you are observing a star that has a blue shifted spectrum what is true about its motion?
None of the above
Star is receding from you
Star is approaching you
Star is stationary
59
What is Newton's first law of motion?
Bodies accelerate when net force is zero
Things move very quickly
Bodies remain at rest when net force is zero
Bodies move at a constant velocity when net force is zero
60
What is the cause of gravity based on Einstein's Theory of General Relativity?
Is incorrect Newton's Universal Law of Gravity is the correct law
Large masses physically bend time space to make it curved
Has never been proven
Has been proven many times - particularly the bending of light in space
61
Which types of electromagnetic radiation can transmit through our atmosphere?
Radio
X-ray
Visible Wavelengths (light)
Infrared
62
Parallax can be used to be measure what in Astronomy?
Distance
Time
Velocity
Mass
63
Planets like Mars actually undergo retrograde motion.
True
False
64
What does Astronomy encompass?
Chemistry
Biology
All aspects of Science
Physics
65
What are the analogous coordinates for latitude on the celestial sphere?
Declination
Parabola
Right Ascension
Parallax
66
What is the relationship between the amplitude and direction of propagation for a longitudinal wave?
Transparent
Parallel
Opaque
Perpendicular
67
What is the acronym for the visible spectrum?
None of the above
ROYGBIV
GBIV
ROYG
68
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon.
True
False
69
The coordinates of the Autumnal Equinox are?
18 hours, -23.5 degrees
0 hours, 0 degrees
12 hours, 0 degrees
6 hours, +23.5 degrees
70
Why is the speed of light special?
All of the above
It is the absolute maximum speed in the Universe
It is only the maximum speed of light not other electromagnetic radiation
It is the maximum speed in the Universe but can't be measured
71
What is Newton's third law of motion?
Forces act in equal and opposite directions
Good example is the normal force
All of the above
Forces act in pairs
72
Temperature scale - K what temperatures does water freeze and boil at?
None of the above
0, 100
273, 373
32, 212
73
What is the length of a sidereal day?
12 hours
24 hours & 4 minutes
24 hours
23 hours & 56 minutes
74
What is the name for the bending of white light seen in a prism generating a visible spectrum?
Spectroscopy
Reflection
Absorption
Dispersion
75
Why did ancient civilizations study Astronomy?
For religious ceremonies
To know when to plant and harvest their crops
To know when to worship the Sun
To know when to start their Holidays
76
What are the paths of the visible stars at the equator?
Move horizontally
Circumploar
None of the above
Rise in the east, dip south, set west
77
Which has a higher frequency violet or red light?
Depends on the medium
Red
Violet
Need more information
78
What are the paths of visible stars at the middle latitudes?
None of the above
Rise in the east, dip south, set west
Circumploar
Move horizontally
79
What is the relationship between the amplitude and direction of propagation for a transverse wave?
Transparent
Opaque
Perpendicular
Parallel
80
If you are observing a star that has a red shifted spectrum what is true about its motion?
Star is approaching you
Star is receding from you
None of the above
Star is stationary
81
Who was the Greek mathematician that created the geocentric model of the solar system?
Einstein
Galileo
Ptolemy
Newton

Introduction to Astronomy Fall 2024 - Section 11 Flashcards | StudBud