Statistics: One-Sample Inference

Question 1

Procedure for comparing observed data to a claim whose truth we want to assess.

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis Test

Question 2

Not likely to happen by chance. Occurs when p-value is smaller than alpha.

Accepted Answer

Statistically Significant

Question 3

A single statistic calculated from a sample of a population. (p-hat is one example)

Accepted Answer

Point Estimate

Question 4

Probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

Power

Question 5

statistic minus parameter divided by standard deviation of statistic

Accepted Answer

test statistic

Question 6

Probability that the p-hat would be as extreme or more extreme than the actual value observed

Accepted Answer

P-Value

Question 7

Probability of a Type I Error (significance level)

Accepted Answer

Alpha

Question 8

An estimate or prediction about the population based on a sample.

Accepted Answer

Statistical Inference

Question 9

How close an estimate tends to be to the unknown parameter (wiggle room)

Accepted Answer

Margin of Error

Question 10

What is the AP Statistics Mascot

Accepted Answer

Flamingo

Question 11

A range calculated from data of the form estimate plus or minus margin of error

Accepted Answer

Confidence Interval

Question 12

The claim about a population we are trying to find evidence for.

Accepted Answer

Alternative Hypothesis

Question 13

Rejecting the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is true.

Accepted Answer

Type I Error

Question 14

Sample Proportion

Accepted Answer

P-hat

Question 15

Created specifically for inference with means, with more area under the tails.

Accepted Answer

t distribution

Question 16

Failing to reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.

Accepted Answer

Type II Error

Question 17

Probability of a Type II Error

Accepted Answer

Beta

Question 18

A claim tested by a statistical test.

Accepted Answer

Null Hypothesis

Questions 18