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BiologyA_Unit 2: Chemistry of Life - unit review Flashcards | StudBud
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BiologyA_Unit 2: Chemistry of Life - unit review
BiologyA_Unit 2: Chemistry of Life - unit review
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chemistry of life review
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31 cards
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Questions
31
Answers
1
What are the building blocks (the monomer) of proteins?
fatty acids & glycerol
nucleotides
amino acids
monosaccharides
2
How is an organic compound different from an inorganic compound?
Organic compounds only come from nonliving things.
Photosynthesis creates organic compounds.
Inorganic compounds contain oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms.
Organic compounds contain carbon bonded to other atoms.
3
Which of the following is a direct result of hydrogen bonding?
cohesion and adhesion
the polar ends of a water molecule
movement by osmosis
the bent structure of a water molecule
4
How is chemistry related to the study of life?
Everything in an organism occurs with chemical reactions
All living things are made up of chemicals
Biology causes the reactions
Chemicals depend on living organisms
5
How does a phospholipid's structure relate to its function in cell membranes?
it is made of fatty acids and glycerol
the ends of the lipid are attached to each other
it is made of a long chain of phosphorus molecules
it has a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
6
How many amino acids compose the proteins in living things?
118
20
4
50
7
Which of the following is NOT one of the four macromolecules in the body?
Lipids
Sodium Chloride
Carbohydrates
Proteins
8
Which type of bond holds atoms together in a water molecule?
nuclear bond
covalent bond
organic bond
ionic bond
9
Which level of protein structure shows the order or sequence of amino acids?
tertiary structure
primary structure
quaternary structure
secondary structure
10
What is an atom that is positively or negatively charged?
trace
ion
enzyme
element
11
Where is an electron found and what is its charge?
Orbiting the nucleus -- Positive
In the nucleus -- Positive
Orbiting the Nucleus -- Negative
In the nucleus -- Negative
12
Proteins that speed up the chemical reactions that make life possible.
fatty acids
nucleic acids
ions
enzymes
13
What are valence electrons?
the electrons that determine the atomic number of an element
electrons in the outer energy shell of an atom
the electrons in the inner energy shell of an atom
electrons with a negative charge
14
Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction. What is one way that this could happen?
the enzymes can bring molecules together to bond
enzymes are hydrophobically attracted to water
the enzymes distribute ATP and then are destroyed
enzymes keep molecules separated
15
What is one major difference between DNA and RNA?
RNA is single-stranded
RNA is a type of nucleic acid.
DNA is composed of nucleotides.
DNA uses nitrogenous bases.
16
Plants store extra glucose as...
starch
glycogen
lipids
carbohydrates
17
What are organic compounds?
Chemical that contains carbon bonded to another atom
molecules made without pesticides
A substance made by a living thing
Petroleum based compounds
18
What are the building blocks (the monomer) of carbohydrates?
nucleotides
amino acids
monosaccharides
fatty acids & glycerol
19
What are large, carbon-based molecules that are present in all living things?
water
ions
macromolecules
elements
20
Which diagram shows the valence electron pattern for carbon?
C
A
B
D
21
Atoms of which three elements could bond together to form an organic compound?
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
oxygen, iron, and carbon
carbon, iron, and nitrogen
oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen
22
What are the building blocks (the monomer) of lipids?
amino acids
monosaccharides
nucleotides
fatty acids & glyerol
23
Which type of molecule is fat?
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
24
What are the three components of nucleotides?
proteins - carbohydrates - lipids
fatty acids - elements - amino acids
phosphorus - sugar - nitrogenous base
25
Animals store extra glucose as ________?
glycogen
carbohydrates
cellulose
starch
26
How are hydrogen bonds different from covalent bonds?
The resulting compounds contain carbon.
They have valence electrons.
Hydrogen bonds have slightly different charges on each side.
They are organic.
27
Which are the four elements that compose most of living organisms?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, magnesium
calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
water, carbon, oxygen
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
28
Why is the R group in an amino acid significant?
it is the same in all amino acids
it stabilizes the amino acid
it gives the amino acid its unique characteristics
it makes it easier for the amino acid to replicate
29
Why is carbon present in so many types of molecules?
It can form up to four covalent bonds.
It has valence electrons.
It is abundant on earth.
It can become an ion.
30
What are the building blocks (the monomer) of nucleic acids?
monosaccharides
nucleotides
fatty acids & glycerol
amino acids
31
Which property of water is likely the
most
significant in water’s role as a universal solvent?
Water molecules have covalent bonds
Water can exist in three states of matter.
Water contains oxygen atoms.
Water molecules have positive and negative sides.
