Unit 3: Sensation and Perception Review

Per gate control theory, which contains a neurological gate controlling the transmission of pain messages to the brain?

Perception that is guided by higher-level knowledge, experience, expectations, and motivations.

Specialized neurons that are activated only by visual stimuli having specific features, such as a shape or pattern.

Physical stimuli that consistently produce errors in perception.

Highly sensitive to taste; they have twice as many taste receptors as "nontasters." They find sweets sweeter, etc.

Which of the following is the correct order of the eye-to-brain pathway of vision?

Which of the following is the best definition for absolute threshold?

Which is detecting environmental stimuli and converting them into signals that can be detected by the nervous system?

As people grow older, their sense of taste diminishes and their number of taste buds decreases.

Orville is talking w/ his friends at a table when suddenly he is distracted by hearing his name at a neighboring table

The monocular cue in which a change in position of an object on the retina allows the perception of movement

Denise has damaged her auditory nerve and now has difficulty understanding what people are saying.

Investigation of a relationship b/w 2 variables by producing a change in 1 variable in a situation and observing effects

The ability to view the world in three dimensions and to perceive distance.

A bundle of ganglion axons that carry visual information to the brain.

The human sense of smell

What would researchers need to do to test participants’ ability to distinguish umami from similar sensations?

The study of the relationship between the physical aspects of stimuli and our psychological experience of them.

Tracey was in pain from an ear infection, her doctor said was in her inner ear. Which is the location of infection?

A vibrating structure dividing it into an upper chamber and a lower chamber and containing sense receptors for sound

The opening for the optic nerve passes through the retina, there are no rods or cones in the area

A big lump with knobs, it has the juice

Human tactile sense is actually a mix of which of the following distinct skin senses?

The theory that receptor cells for color are linked in pairs, working in opposition to each other.

Just noticeable difference is a constant proportion to the intensity of initial stimulus, rather than a constant amount

Which refers to the diminished sensitivity to a stimulus that occurs due to constant exposure to that stimulus?

Kimmie stood on the sidewalk rather than crossing the street b/c she saw that the approaching car was quiteclose to her

Which of the following anatomical structures is involved in the vestibular sense?

Thin, cylindrical receptor cells in the retina that are highly sensitive to light.

Tiny cells covering basilar membrane, when bent by vibrations entering cochlea, transmit neural messages to the brain

Seeing swirls of color when hearing music b/c stimulation of a sensory pathway leads to experience of another sensation

The tiny raised protrusions on the tongue that contain taste buds

The theory that there are 3 kinds of cones in the retina, each responds primarily to a specific range of wavelengths

The theory that the entire basilar membrane acts like a microphone, vibrating as a whole in response to a sound.

The part of the eye that converts electromagnetic energy of light to electrical impulses for transmission to the brain

Energy that produces a response in a sense organ.

The sorting out, interpretation, analysis, and integration of stimuli by the sense organs and brain.

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the opponent-process theory of color vision?

Light-sensitive receptor cells in the retina that are responsible for sharp focus and color perception

The activation of the sense organs by a source of physical energy.

A series of principles that describe how we organize bits and pieces of information into meaningful wholes.

The theory that particular nerve receptors in the spinal cord lead to specific areas of the brain related to pain.

Research in which the relationship between two sets of variables is examined to determine whether they are associated

Which of the following best illustrates the most predictable effect of schemas on perception?

3 tube structures of inner ear w/ fluid sloshing thru them when head moves, signals rotation/angular movement to brain

An adjustment in sensory capacity after prolonged exposure to unchanging stimuli.

The part of the ear that vibrates when sound waves hit it.

The movement of air molecules brought about by a source of vibration.

Marlene had an infection that led to deafness in her left ear. Which will be the likely impact?

Skin Senses

Because the chair partially obscured his view of the sofa, Brendan perceived the chair as being closer than the sofa.

The smallest level of added or reduced stimulation required to sense that a change in stimulation has occurred.

An organ of the inner ear located within the cochlea which contributes to audition, includes 3 rows of outer hair cells

Our understanding that physical objects are consistent and do not vary, even though sensory input about them may vary.

A coiled tube in the ear filled with fluid that vibrates in response to sound

The smallest intensity of a stimulus that must be present for the stimulus to be detected.

Recognizing/processing information from individual components stimuli and moving to the perception of the whole

The theory that different areas of the basilar membrane respond to different frequencies.

The fact that a person can recognize a teacher back home more easily than in Paris best demonstrates what concept?

Bob perceived a duck instead of other animals when viewing ambiguous images b/c he watched a show about ducks last night