Which of these statements about Earth's crust is true?

It is a system of slowly moving large masses called plates

How do scientists know that dinosaurs and horses did not exist in the same geological era?

No rock layers with fossils of both dinosaurs and horses

How do active volcanoes located on islands create more land area on these islands?

Lava cools and hardens, forming new land.

How has magma affected the Atlantic Ocean?

It has created a long, large mountain range on ocean floor.

A fossil of an ocean fish was found in a rock outcrop on a mountain. This probably means that

the mountain was raised up after the fish died

Surfaces of old concrete statues are often covered with small holes or pits caused by what?

chemically weathering by acid rain

What is the MAIN reason that the continents look different than they did 100 million years ago?

The continents have drifed apart from one another.

I want to study an igneous rock changing to a sedimentary rock. Can this be done in a month?

No, the changes take longer than a month

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Geology Benchmark

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Q1 review of Geology

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Questions 24

Answers

1
What is the major process that wears down mountain ranges?
weathering
plate movement
silt deposition
earthquakes
2
Which of these statements about Earth's crust is true?
It includes the continents, but not the ocean floor
It is a layer of solid rock that remains the same throughout
It has a changing, moving surface with the same thickness
It is a system of slowly moving large masses called plates
3
Footprints made by astronauts on the Moon years ago are still there. Why?
Time passes much slower on the Moon.
Dust on the Moon hardened into stone.
Moon has no wind or rain.
Heavy astronauts made very deep footprints.
4
How do scientists know that dinosaurs and horses did not exist in the same geological era?
Horse fossils are found in rock layers below dinosaur fossil
Dinosaurs would have destroyed any mammals, including horses
Horses would have become extinct with the dinosaurs
No rock layers with fossils of both dinosaurs and horses
5
How do active volcanoes located on islands create more land area on these islands?
Volcanic heat causes minerals in seawater to condense.
Volcanic heat causes the ocean to evaporate, exposing land.
Lava melts through old rock, exposing new land.
Lava cools and hardens, forming new land.
6
Earth's core is mainly composed of
silicon and oxygen
silicon and hydrogen
iron and aluminum
iron and nickel
7
Areas on Earth's surface that lie above borders of tectonic plates are characterized by
lengthy formation of sea arches
frequent earthquakes
a lack of plant and animal life
stable temperature climate conditions
8
Sedimentary rocks can be converted into an igneous rock by undergoing which processes?
heat and pressure
weathering and erosion
melting and cooling
compaction and cementation
9
Rock particles, air, water and decomposing organic mater are the ingredients for _________.
concrete
quartz
igneous rock
soil
10
Which kind of rock is formed when volcanic lava cools?
metamorphic
magma
igneous
sedimentary
11
What feature supports the conclusion that the Rocky Mtns are very young?
weathering has not hardened the rock
sharp peaks
rounded tops
exposed sedimentary layers
12
Which is NOT part of the definition of a mineral?
definite composition
naturally occurring
solid
organic
13
How has magma affected the Atlantic Ocean?
It has produced a flat, smooth ocean floor.
It made the Atlantic Ocean warmer than the Pacific Ocean.
It has created a long, large mountain range on ocean floor.
It has produced volcanoes along the edges of continents.
14
The formation of metamorphic rocks depends on all of the following except
temperature (heat)
Earth's magnetic field
composition of parent rock
pressure
15
When magma reaches Earth's surface it becomes
steam
lava
gas
energy
16
What is true about the outer core?
granite rock
basalt
molten (liquid) rock
solid iron
17
A boundary where two tectonic plates come together, or collide, is called a
convergent boundary
transform boundary
divergent boundary
transfer boundary
18
Granite is a kind of
fossil
mineral
energy
rock
19
A fossil of an ocean fish was found in a rock outcrop on a mountain. This probably means that
the relative humidity was once high
fish once lived on the mountain
the mountain was raised up after the fish died
fish used to be amphibians like toads and frogs
20
What is the primary cause of volcanoes and earthquakes?
solar magnetic storms
higher than usual tides
Earth's gravitational force
crustal plate movement
21
Surfaces of old concrete statues are often covered with small holes or pits caused by what?
long exposure to sunlight
water freezing in small cracks in the statue
chipped away by sand particles blown by wind
chemically weathering by acid rain
22
What is the MAIN reason that the continents look different than they did 100 million years ago?
Ocean currents have reshaped the continents.
The continents have drifed apart from one another.
Volcanoes have made and destroyed many of the continents.
Waves and winds have caused parts of continents to erode.
23
When rocks undergo weathering they become
igneous rocks
volcanic cones
sediment
magma
24
I want to study an igneous rock changing to a sedimentary rock. Can this be done in a month?
No, the changes take longer than a month
Yes, because the changes happen quickly
Yes, because the changes are easy to see
No, there is not difference to see

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