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Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
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NC Final Exam Review
Flashcards
79 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
What surface feature is NOT formed at an oceanic-oceanic CONVERGENT boundary?
mid-ocean ridge
volcanoes
trench
volcanic island arc
2
Which type of renewable energy would work best on NC's coast?
biofuel
wind
hydroelectric
solar
3
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact the LITHOSPHERE?
increasing soil formation
decreasing oxygen production
increasing transpiration
increasing erosion
4
How does heat from the sun get to Earth?
by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat
by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer theheat
as electromagnetic waves through radiation
by absorption, using primary waves to transfer heat
5
A twisting storm around a low pressure center is called a
Anticyclone
Cyclone
Thunderstorm
Acid Rain
6
Use the diagram to answer the question
S waves travel through solids and liquids
P waves travel through liquids only
P waves can't travel through solids
S waves cannot travel through liquid
7
Which of the following systems purifies the water you drink?
drinking water treatment
nuclear water treatment
wastewater treatment
rainwater treatment
8
What are humans most directly impacting when they kill off a species of plant or animal?
rates of weathering
greenhouse effect
biodiversity
speciation
9
This illustrates the change in DIRECTION of Earth's tilt every 26,000-27,000 years, known as
precession
nutation
barycenter
radiation
10
Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun?
Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun .
Earth revolves around the sun every 30 days
Earth revolves around the sun every 24 hours
Earth's velocity/speed increases the closer it is to the sun
11
Ocean tides observed at coastal locations each day are primarily caused by
Earth’s revolution around the Sun
the gravitational pull between the Moon, Sun, and Earth
Earth's tilt relative to the sun
seasonal changes in the compass location of sunrise
12
Which fuel source can be used to live more sustainably?
oil
coal
biofuels
natural gas
13
Which consequence could an exponentially growing human population have on drinkable water?
It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases.
It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival.
May cause an increase in amount of H2O available for humans.
May cause a decrease in the amount of waste & pollutants.
14
Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth? (Poles=Cold, Equator=Warm)
a constant sea level
rising sea levels
tidal patterns
ocean currents
15
Energy is produced within a star’s core by the process of
Nuclear Fusion
Conduction
Radioactive decay
Insolation
16
What is the approximate rate of Earth’s rotation?
1 rotation/month
1 rotation/hour
1 rotation/day
1 rotation/year
17
The length of an Earth day is determined by the time required for approximately one of
the Moon's revolution
Earth's rotation
Earth's revolution
Sun's rotation
18
Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage along the surface ofEarth?
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5
19
On a topographic map, lines spaced far apart indicate
steep slopes
gentle slopes
water
shallow rivers
20
Which agent of erosion leads to the destruction AND formation of sand dunes?
wind
ice
water
gravity
21
This is formed when impermeable rock forces groundwater to move up and flow onto the surface?
a geyser
a well
an aquifer
a spring
22
The observation that waves lengthen as objects move away and shorten as they approach is called
Copernicus Effect
Doppler Effect
Hubble's Law
Kepler's Laws
23
__________ is evidence of Seafloor Spreading, while Seafloor Spreading is evidence of ________.
Plate Tectonics / Reverse Polarity
Reverse Polarity / Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift
Continental Drift / Plate Tectonics and Reverse Polarity
Magnetic Reversal / Reverse Polarity
24
Which is an example of point source pollution?
polluted runoff
land development
acid rain
factory smokestack
25
Why does the moon have a greater effect on the tides than the sun?
The moon is closer than the sun to the Earth
The moon rotates more quickly than the sun
the moon is solid while the sun is gaseous
The moon is larger than the sun
26
If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?
It's winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's revolution
It's winter in the southern hemi due to nutation
It is winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's rotation .
Its winter in the southern hemi due to the Earth’s tilt.
27
Earth’s outer core and inner core are both inferred to be
the same temperature
solid
liquid
composed of a high percentage of iron and nickle
28
What is the source of energy for the sun?
hydrogen fusion
internal combustion
nuclear fission of metals
burning of solar gasses
29
Which part of Earth’s interior has convection currents that cause tectonic plates to move?
inner core
asthenosphere
outer core
rigid mantle
30
Which describes a disadvantage to adding large quantities of sand to stabilize the shoreline.
It creates a wall disrupting the vegetation along coasts.
It is a short-term solution.
It creates a barrier preventing tides along coastlines.
It causes inland erosion.
31
The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
solidification in the lithosphere
density differences in the troposphere
convection currents in the asthenosphere
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
32
The sun produces energy through nuclear fusion by converting:
helium nuclei into hydrogen nuclei
Oxygen nuclei into carbon dioxide
hydrogen nuclei into a helium nucleus
Oxygen nuclei into nitrogen
33
The layer with the highest amount of Humus (organic material) is known as layer
A
O
C
B
34
Which is the best example of human impacts on the biosphere?
protecting endangered species
deforestation
air pollution
hunting
35
What is the zero degree longitude line that runs through Greenwich, England?
Great Circle
Prime Meridian
Equator
Longitudinal Maximum
36
How does a STRAIGHT alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?
Neap Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Neap Tide: greatest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: greatest change in high and low tides.
37
Which type of nuclear reaction is used by the Sun?
nuclear fusion
nuclear disaster
nuclear cessation
nuclear fission
38
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling barometric pressure?
Humidity is decreasing.
A storm is approaching.
Skies are clearing.
Temperature is increasing.
39
The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are typically located near what feature?
a subduction trench
continental shelf
abyssal plain
mid-ocean ridge
40
What is the approximate location of point A?
21oS, 65oE
21oS, 65oW
21oN, 65oE
21oN, 65oW
41
In North Carolina, summer is warmer than winter because in summer North Carolina has
fewer hours of daylight andreceives high angle insolation
more hours of daylight andreceives low-angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives low angle insolation
more hours of daylight and receives high angle insolation
42
The sun is in what stage of its life cycle?
red giant
main sequence star
white dwarf
protostar
43
The picture below shows a _________ fault?
Reverse
Block
Normal
Transform
44
Which variable could be changed by the experimenter?
dependent variable
independent variable
constant variable
control variable
45
Which can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer of Earth?
aerosols
coal-fired power plants
burning compost
vehicle exhaust
46
Which diagram represents a divergent boundary?
A
B
C
D
47
How can water be an agent for physical/mechanical weathering? (remember mechanics use tools)
by seeping into soil and dissolving the minerals in rocks
seeping into cracks of rocks: freeze, expand, break the rock
absorbing gases in the air resulting in a chemical reaction
by absorbing sulfur oxides and creating acid precipitation
48
Earth moves fastest when it is closest to the Sun & slowest when farther away is explained by
Copernicus' Laws
Hubble's Law
Kepler's Laws
Galileo's Laws
49
Which of these is caused by the rotation of Earth?
A year
Spring and Fall
Tides
Days and nights
50
Our solar system is considered to be
one of the biggest in the universe
socially awkward like Ms. Adams
heliocentric (sun in the center)
planetocentric (planet in the center)
51
The seasons of the year on Earth are determined by the ____________.
Speed of Earth's revolution
tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the sun
speed of Earth's rotation
shape of Earth's orbit relative to the sun
52
Which events are most closely associated with mountains and volcanoes?
geysers
tsunamis
acid rain
earthquakes
53
Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding?
recycling bottled-water containers
building artificial levees
building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants
reducing water consumption
54
Which can help reduce human impacts on the atmosphere?
using pesticides
traditional farming
sustainable farming
burning fossils fuels
55
The place where an earthquake originates is called the
Boundary
Focus
Epicenter
Trench
56
Put the following in order - from largest to smallest
Earth, Milky Way galaxy, solar system, universe, Moon
Milky Way galaxy, solar system, Earth, universe, Moon
Moon, Earth, sun, solar system, milky way galaxy, universe
Universe, Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon
57
On a topographic map, _____ is measured as the distance above or below sea level
contour interval
elevation
relief
topography
58
Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?
mid-ocean ridge, due to uplift and separation of two plates
ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates
continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates
continent volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates
59
The sun's surface is almost 6000 degrees K. Cool areas on the surface are known as
sunspots
prominences
convection zones
solar flares
60
digging a well along a coastal area will likely result in what?
the destruction of estuaries due to increases in sea level
a decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways
the loss of water resources in estuaries
saltwater intrusion into aquifers
61
Which of these is likely to occur after moist air is cooled below its dew point?
Evaporation Increases
Water Condenses
Ice Melts
Wind Forms
62
The most destructive aspect of submarine (underwater) earthquakes is the production of :
ridges
new crust
hotspots
tsunamis
63
How would you describe the shape of Earth's planetary orbit?
random revolution
spheriod
elliptical
oblate
64
Scientists can use the time differences between P-waves and S-waves to determine the following:
the intensity of an earthquake
the magnitude of an earthquake
the duration of an earthquake
the epicenter of an earthquake
65
Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions?
They produce high and low tides along coastal regions.
They balance air temperatures along coastal regions.
They move warm H2O & nutrients to the surface along coasts.
Increases rates of precip. as cold water moves up the coast
66
Carbon dioxide and methane cause global warming because they are excellent absorbers of
CFCs
infrared radiation (heat)
gamma rays
visible light
67
The most destructive aspect of submarine earthquakes is the production of :
tsunamis
new crust
hotspots
ridges
68
The photo below demonstrates the "wobbling" of earth's axis during rotation and is known as
precession
nutation
rotation
barycenter
69
Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called
volcanic ash
magma
lava
rock
70
What chemical has slowly depleted the Ozone layer of the years?
Monoflourocarbons (MFCs)
industrial runoff into a stream
Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs)
Greenhouse Gases
71
The theory that our universe was created when all matter&energy was sent out from one point is
Quantum Physics
Theory of relativity
Big Bang Theory
String Theory
72
Which part of the Sun’s electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
Infrared
Radio
X-rays
UV
73
In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms occur?
troposphere
thermosphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
74
Why is there a full Moon approximately once a month?
The moon does not rotate on its axis
the Moon revolves around the Earth once a month
The Moon rotates on its axis once a month.
the Moon revolves around the Sun once a month
75
Identify
one
process that causes clouds to form on the windward side of a mountain
Rising Air
Compression
Warming
Sinking Air
76
Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth’s atmosphere?
oxygen (O2)
nitrogen (N2)
argon (Ar)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
77
Which is a major source of AIR pollution created by humans?
reforestation
nuclear power plants
hydroelectric plants
industrial power plants
78
What causes the Earth to have seasons?
the barycenter of the Sun
nutation
the tilt of Earth’s axis
the rotation of Earth on its axis
79
The formula MASS divided by VOLUME gives
Density
Gradient
Specific Gravity
Rate