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Science Final 2024 Flashcards | StudBud
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Science Final 2024
Science Final 2024
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1
Identify the agent that causes/creates a beach along a coastline.
Moving water
Gravity
Waves
Wind
2
When a frog develops from tadpole to adult, it goes through changes such as growing legs. What is the role of hormones?
The hormones are internal stimuli
The hormones are threatening stimuli
The hormones are external stimuli
The hormones blocks tadpoles' responses.
3
Lightning plays an important role in the _
none of the above
carbon cycle
water cycle
nitrogen cycle
4
Which statement correctly defines one of the four parts of evolution by natural selection?
Adaptation: a trait that lets an organism better survive in its environment
Extinction: that state in which all of the members of a species have died.
Variation: individuals have different heritable traits than others
Overproduction: each generation produces more offspring than the previous
5
Which of these statements best describes Charles Darwin's thoughts on natural selection?
Over long periods of time, natural selection can lead to change.
Helpful variations quickly accumulate in a species
Over short periods of time, natural selection can lead to change.
Unfavorable variations grow in a species, while favorable ones disappear.
6
What ocean zone has lots of barrier reefs?
neritic
deep ocean
open ocean
intertidal
7
Antelopes and thoroughbred racehorses both run fast.What is the best explanation for why antelopes can outrun predators?
Selective breeding
natural selection
environmental selection
hybridization
8
Identify the agent that causes the Mississippi River Delta.
Waves
Moving water
Gravity
Glacier
9
Write the chemical equation for the process that
releases
energy in plants.
C6H12O6 + O7 = H2O + 2OH
CH3+O4 = CO2 + 2O6
C6H12O6 + O2 = CO2 + H2O
CO2 + H2O = C6H +O2
10
Which phrase best defines biotechnology?
The process of making a genetically identical organism or cell
The development of instruments that are used to study biological processes
The application of living things and biological processes
The use of computers and other electronic devices in the field of biology
11
Nitrogen is an important element to living organisms because it _
helps make proteins
is a reactant in cellular respiration
is a source of energy
allows photosynthesis to occur
12
In the carbon (also called carbon-oxygen) cycle, carbon is returned to the atmosphere through:
cellular respiration and decomposition
photosynthesis and cellular respiration
cellular respiration only
photosynthesis only
13
Which two limiting factors determine the types of plants and wildlife found in land biomes?
precipitation and temperature
temperature and sunlight
temperature and nitrogen
precipitation and oxygen
14
Which of the following would likely be a result of removing the native snakes from the area?
There will be an increase in the number of snake's predators.
There will be a descrease in the milk production.
Some other animal will take over the niche and habitat of the snake.
15
Out of the following areas, in which location would you find an estuary?
The Gulf of Mexico entering the Atlantic Ocean
The Missouri River entering the Mississippi River
The Colorado River entering Lake Buchanan
The Amazon River entering the Atlantic Ocean
16
Which of these correctly lists the four essential parts of natural selection?
Overproduction, genetic variation, selection, and adaptation
Selection, extinction, underproduction, and competition
Asexual reproduction, genetic variation, selection, and adaptation
Living space, adaptation, selection, and hunting
17
Suppose you raise tropical fish that are all green. How would you explain an orange fish among the newly hatched young?
mutation
natural selection
phenotype
extinction
18
The process of __ produced the new beach at the bottom of the canyon.
Sedimentation
Erosion
Deposition
Weathering
19
Which of the following actions causes the deposition of sand at a delta?
River water slowing as it enters the ocean
Ocean waves transporting sand toward land
Salt water and fresh water mixing together
Ocean water slowing as it reaches the coast
20
Which word best describes the response when seedlings grow in the direction of light?
Stimulus
Hibernation
Taxis
Tropism
21
Precipitation, evaporation, and condensation are the three stages of the water cycle. This process is the cycling of:
Ecosystems
Energy
Carbon
Matter
22
Which of these actions can produce a clone?
Developing new plants by crossing different types of plants
Copying the genetic material from one cell and inserting it in another cell
Removing a gene from the DNA of an existing organism
Inserting a gene into the DNA of an existing organism
23
A thermometer is a tool used to measure
Sub-atomic particles
Carbon dioxide
Matter
Energy
24
Write the chemical equation for the process that
stores
energy in plants.
C6H12O6 + O7 = H2O + 2OH
CO2 + H2O = C6H12O6 + O2
C6H12O6 + O2 = CO2 + H2O
CH3+O4 = CO2 + 2O6
25
Roger eats food. What describes the energy transformation that occurs in Roger’s cells as a result of digesting it?
radiant energy to chemical energy
radiant energy to mechanical energy to chemical energy
chemical energy to mechanical energy and thermal energy
mechanical energy to chemical energy
26
Humans increase erosion by __?
Planting grass
Removing plants and trees
Installing drains/ditches
Building dams and levees to prevent flooding
27
What is an example of an organism reacting to external stimulus?
A person vomiting
An animal feeling hungry
A plant wilting
An animal moving out of the sun
28
What is the major agent of erosion on Earth’s crust?
Sedimentation
Water
Mass movement
Wind
29
An insect eats a plant and a bird eats the insect; how much energy from the plant is in the insect for the bird to use?
10%
1%
90%
50%
30
An energy pyramid shows the __
overlapping of food chains
the number of organisms available at each level in an ecosystem
the amount of energy passed from one level of organisms to another level
the transfer of abiotic factors in an ecosystem
31
Which of the following consumers feed on dead or dying organisms?
Decomposer
Herbivore
Omnivore
Scavenger
32
A group of ecosystems on land that share similar climates and organisms are called a
biosphere
habitat
biome
microhabitat
33
Which of the following might result from the process of natural eutrophication?
A rock breaks down into soil
A non-native species takes over
A glacier retreats to expose new land
A pond becomes a meadow
34
Which type of change would most affect the shoreline during a tropical storm?
erosion
chemical weathering
deposition
physical weathering
35
Covers more than 70% of Earth's surface.
freshwater ecosystem
estuary
lakes and ponds
marine ecosystem
36
What is an example of an organism reacting to internal stimulus?
the roots of a tree growing downward, in the direction of gravity
a leaf closing when a bee brushes against it
an apple on a tree ripening
the stem of a sunflower bending toward light
37
During __________ certain types of reptiles will bury themselves to keep cool
estivation
taxis
camouflage
38
Which type of energy is found in the bonds of a glucose molecule?
Thermal
Chemical
Nuclear
Kinetic
39
Which of the following is true of the relationship between producers, consumers, and decomposers?
all are heterotrophs that transform chemical and mechanical energy
all are organisms that carry out cellular respiration
all are organisms that combine oxygen and carbon dioxide to release energy
all are organisms that combine carbon dioxide and water to release energy
40
Which of these scenarios is an example of natural selection?
Giraffes with longer necks survive by eating leaves from the tops of trees
Dogs that have a pretty coat are bred with one another to produce showdogs
Farmers crossbreed two types of cows to produce a higher-quality breed
People capture yellow fish and breed only the most attractive individuals.
41
When an organism responds to stimulus, the set of actions they carry out is called a(n) ____________.
response
reaction
behavior
42
________ is when some animals move toward an external stimulus.
camouflage
Taxis
estivation
43
Wild carrots have thin, white roots. Over time, carrot farmers have selected carrots that have thick, bright orange
artificial selection
cloning
genetic engineering
44
What three things affect biodiversity?
sustainability, microhabitats, and parasitism
climate, ecosystem size, and number of different niches and habitats
productivity, number of offspring produced, and longevity
decomposers, herbivores, and carnivores
45
Freshwater area with high species diversity.
estuary
marine ecosystem
wetlands
freshwater ecosystem
46
Water interacts with air and oxygen is added to the water. Have fast and slow moving water.
Estuary
Rivers and streams
Wetlands
Lakes and ponds
47
The combination of biotic and abiotic factors in a given area is __
the community
the ecosystem
the environment
the biome
48
Is "exfoliated granite on top of Enchanted Rock" an example of physical or chemical weathering?
Physical
Chemical
49
Clay and granite are often found at the bottom of aquifers because they are __
permeable
solid
impermeable
waterproof
50
Which of the following characteristics of a watershed would act to reduce erosion?
A large number of lakes
Soil with high porosity
Large floodplain areas
Channels with a high gradient
51
Why is it difficult for organisms to live in the intertidal zone?
The lack of sunlight
The abundance of sunlight
The waves continually pound that area of the beach
The constantly cold temperatures
52
Limiting factors for an aquatic ecosystems include all except ......
sunlight
temperature
precipitation
salinity
53
What role in the survival of the plant does a beet's root have?
It protects the seeds
It absorbs light
It is involved with photosynthesis
It stores energy
54
How does deposition affect the barrier islands on the Texas Gulf Coast?
Ocean waves deposit sand and debris on the ocean-facing side of the island
Strong winds from the ocean carry sand away from the barrier islands
Ocean currents wash sand off of the islands and back into the ocean
Ocean waves crash over the islands, depositing sand on the mainland coast
55
Bacteria and fungi play an important role in all of the following except:
Carbon-oxygen cycle
nitrogen cycle
composting
water cycle
56
Identify the agent that causes a meander of a river.
Glacier
Wind
Moving water
Gravity
57
In the grasslands, trees do not replace the grasses as a part of an ecological succession because of
insects and fungi
limited sunlight and nutrients
none of the above
water limits and fire
58
While walking on a warm, sunny, afternoon, Dina feels sweaty and notices her dog is panting. What is causing this?
Hunger
Light From the Sun
High Temperature
Thirst
59
A ___ shows one feeding relationship in an ecosystem.
food lineage
food pyramid
food web
food chain
60
Mutation adds a new skin color in a lizard population,what factor might decide whether the color with become more common
If mutation makes some lizards more fit for their environment than others
It will increase only if the new skin color is recessive
If the mutation occurs in at least 3 lizards
If the mutation occurred in a male or female lizard
61
What functions is xylem specifically adapted to perform in plants?
helps prevent water loss
exchanges gases with the atmosphere
Transports water from roots to leaves
uses leaves to capture sunlight for photosynthesis
