China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins would be an example of how land-based empires_____.

Generated Revenue through trade

The Ming's most famous Emperor was Yongle. What were his policies in the theme of POLITICS?

He started civil service examinations to combat bureaucratic corruption.

All of the following are true of Christopher Columbus' 4 voyages EXCEPT:

His mission to reach India succeeded so he established trading posts there.

What is a TRUE social cause of Latin American 'Castas'?

European men married Native or African women, creating mixed families

What was NOT a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?

Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.

How did Emperor Aurangzeb change the Mughal Empire's religious policies?

He tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.

This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was NOT an effect of this trade?

Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.

What was a SECURITY reason for the expansion of the Russian Empire to the south and east?

It wanted to stop pastoralist and Muslim expansion.

Which of the following WAS NOT part of the Columbian Exchange?

Smallpox from the Americas widely infected Europeans

Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?

The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.

In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was

To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network

How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?

They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away

What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).

Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.

Why was Spain's sponsorship of Ferdinand Magellan's voyage in 1519 historically SIGNIFICANT?

It was the first circumnavigation of the entire world.

The expansion of empires led to conflict with each other. What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought?

The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.

This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could BEST be used to demonstrate that

Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations

"Port factories" for foreign merchants in Tokugawa Japan would be an example of how land-based empires_____.

Generated Revenue through trade

Which is the correct order of classes in the casta system? (from top to bottom)

Peninsulare, Creole,Mestizo,Indio, Negro

"The Cossacks" of the Russian Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.

Developed military professionals.

All of the following were parts of Martin Luther's arguments against the Catholic Church EXCEPT

He argued that doing good works was more important than faith.

Compared to other land-based empires, Japanese expansion between 1450-1750 relied MOSTLY on__________

Emigration and overseas economic trade.

The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...

technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.

Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?

It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.

If you wanted to add arrows on the map to show "Triangular Trade", they'd show

European goods to Africa & Americas crops to Europe

Throughout the Americas, policies of the European empires were resisted by maroon societies. What were these?

Africans resisting slavery by running away & fighting for freedom.

What's the MOST likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?

To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.

What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?

End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.

Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?

Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule

Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the Indian Ocean?

An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns

All of the following are true of the British E.I.C. and the Dutch V.O.C. between 1450-1750 EXCEPT:

The E.I.C. conquered the Mughals, but the V.O.C. lost Southeast Asian wars.

This cross from mid-16th century central Mexico would have been carved in the context of

Aztecs trying to preserve culture despite Spanish conquest.

This image of Lisbon, Portugal in the 17th Century could be used by a historian to prove...

just like land-based empires, maritime empires used guns & cannons, navigation & innovations in ship designs were critical to maritime empires, maritime empires created a new economic elite who'd made $ from trade, empires used monumental architecture to reinforce their rule

The "casta system" was

a racially based social hierarchy.

What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?

Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.

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Duplicate of APWH Modern Unit 3 and 4 Review (1450-1750) II

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1
China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
2
The Ming's most famous Emperor was Yongle. What were his policies in the theme of POLITICS?
He started civil service examinations to combat bureaucratic corruption.
He had scholars do an 11 volume encylopedia of classical Chinese learning.
He rebuilt canals, bridges, & irrigation destroyed by the Mongols.
He sent a large fleet of ships led by Admiral Zheng He to the Indian Ocean.
3
Which region DID NOT contribute navigation technologies that 15th century Europeans relied on?
The Americas
Middle East
South Asia
East Asia
4
All of the following are true of Christopher Columbus' 4 voyages EXCEPT:
His Spanish state-sponsored voyage created the 2nd maritime empire.
His ships were a new design known as a "caravel".
His mission to reach India succeeded so he established trading posts there.
His voyages made Europeans interested in exploring beyond Afro-Eurasia.
5
What is a TRUE social cause of Latin American 'Castas'?
The Spanish crown wanted to give equal rights to Natives and Africans.
European men married Native or African women, creating mixed families
Women increasingly asserting their desire for suffrage.
Whole families fled religious violence in Europe to create settler colonies
6
What was NOT a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
7
How did Emperor Aurangzeb change the Mughal Empire's religious policies?
He converted to a new religion: Sikhism
He tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
He was religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
He converted to Buddhist traditions.
8
This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was NOT an effect of this trade?
African crops like okra, yams, & rice were diffused to the Americas.
Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.
Diseases spread because of the deplorable condition of slave ships.
The coerced labor of slaves on plantations enriched imperial economies.
9
What was a SECURITY reason for the expansion of the Russian Empire to the south and east?
It wanted to control sea trade in the Indian ocean.
It wanted to take advantage of the rich trade in fur.
It wanted to stop pastoralist and Muslim expansion.
It wanted to spread Eastern Orthodox Christianity.
10
Middle East. Persia. Shia Islam. Went to war with Ottomans. Ruled by a "Shah."
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
11
In Isfahan, Iran. A mosque for SHIA Islam. Built by Shah Abbas in new capital city, it was the Royal Mosque.
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
12
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
The Silk Road
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
Regional trade in the Americas
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
13
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Created Tribute collection systems
14
Which of the following WAS NOT part of the Columbian Exchange?
Smallpox from the Americas widely infected Europeans
African religious and food culture came to the Americas
Food of the Americas was transported and grown in Eurasia
Eurasian animals were transported and raised in Americas
15
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
16
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
17
M.East/N.Africa/Europe. Turks. Sunni Islam. Beat old Byzantine Empire. Fought Shia Muslims. Ruled by a "Sultan".
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
18
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the SILVER they were mining in
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
19
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
20
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
21
Why was Spain's sponsorship of Ferdinand Magellan's voyage in 1519 historically SIGNIFICANT?
It was the first circumnavigation of the entire world.
It was the first exchange of plants and animals between hemispheres.
It was the first time Europeans reached the Western Hemisphere.
It was the first time a European state sponsored a transoceanic voyage.
22
The expansion of empires led to conflict with each other. What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought?
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
23
The empire from Unit 3 that MOST threatened European culture & economy, spurring Portugal et al to explore, was
the Ottomans
the Safavids
the Manchu Qing
the Mughals
24
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could BEST be used to demonstrate that
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
25
"Port factories" for foreign merchants in Tokugawa Japan would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
26
Which is the correct order of classes in the casta system? (from top to bottom)
Indio, Creole, Peninsulare, Negro, Mestizo
Creole, Mestizo, Peninsulare, Negro, Indio
Peninsulare, Creole,Mestizo,Indio, Negro
Peninsulare, Mesitzo,Creole, Negro, Indio
27
Qing Dynasty defeated Ming Dynasty. What new military tech. helped them MOST both in that war and against pastoralists?
Horse saddles & stirrups
Infantry with shields and swords
Bows and arrows
Gunpowder, guns, & cannons
28
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region?
Middle East
South Asia
Russia
China
29
"The Cossacks" of the Russian Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
30
All of the following were parts of Martin Luther's arguments against the Catholic Church EXCEPT
He argued that all Catholic customs should be questioned.
He argued the Bible should be translated to local languages.
He argued against the sale of indulgences.
He argued that doing good works was more important than faith.
31
SLAVES forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
The Caribbean & Brazil
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
32
Compared to other land-based empires, Japanese expansion between 1450-1750 relied MOSTLY on__________
Direct military conflict with foreign empires.
Emigration and overseas economic trade.
Spreading their culture to foreign lands.
The imposition of their feudal system on others.
33
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
34
Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?
It shows his devotion to Islam, the religion of Mughal rulers.
It shows the scientific advances of the Mughal Empire.
It shows the economic dominance of the Indian Ocean Trade
It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.
35
If you wanted to add arrows on the map to show "Triangular Trade", they'd show
African cash crops to Europe & Americas silver to Asia.
Americas goods to Africa & African slaves to Europe
European cash crops to Americas & African goods to Europe
European goods to Africa & Americas crops to Europe
36
Throughout the Americas, policies of the European empires were resisted by maroon societies. What were these?
Merchants resisting state tariffs (taxes) on trade.
Native Americans resisting land confiscation.
Africans resisting slavery by running away & fighting for freedom.
Protestants & Catholics resisting religious laws.
37
What's the MOST likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To glorify Sunni Islam.
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
To explain Islamic science & technology.
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
38
Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Hinduism and Islam
Christianity and Judaism
Islam and Confucianism
Hinduism and Buddhism
39
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
40
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
41
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the Indian Ocean?
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
42
All of the following are true of the British E.I.C. and the Dutch V.O.C. between 1450-1750 EXCEPT:
Both companies were a mixture of state & private investments.
V.O.C. "fluyts" carried more cargo making them more profitable than E.I.C.
The E.I.C. conquered the Mughals, but the V.O.C. lost Southeast Asian wars.
The E.I.C. focused on cotton trade while the V.O.C. focused on spice trade.
43
Located in Agra, India. It is a "MAUSOLEUM". Shah Jahan ordered it built for the tomb of his favorite wife Mumtaz.
Ming to Qing Empire
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
44
East Asia. Took power from Ming who took over after Yuan. Confucianism. Security motivated their move into Central Asia.
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
A) Qing Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
45
This cross from mid-16th century central Mexico would have been carved in the context of
Edicts by the Pope which attempted to ban local religions.
The development of early Aztec culture and mythology.
Aztec empire building through an alliance of the "3 tribes."
Aztecs trying to preserve culture despite Spanish conquest.
46
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created taxation systems
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
47
This image of Lisbon, Portugal in the 17th Century could be used by a historian to prove...
just like land-based empires, maritime empires used guns & cannons
navigation & innovations in ship designs were critical to maritime empires
maritime empires created a new economic elite who'd made $ from trade
empires used monumental architecture to reinforce their rule
48
The "casta system" was
a racially based social hierarchy.
an economic system.
a Latin American card game.
a type of imperial bureaucracy.
49
In Moscow. Built by Tsar Ivan the IV ('the terrible') for the Christian Eastern Orthodox Church.
French Empire
Russian Empire
German Empire
Spanish Empire
50
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
51
South Asia. Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
52
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
encomienda
chattel slavery
mit'a
indentured servitude
53
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746) MOSTLY reflects a syncretic blending of
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
Native American and African cultures
Christianity and Islam
54
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Abolished slavery within the empire.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army.
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
55
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
56
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
The challenge to authority by local elites.
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
57
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
58
Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of trading posts between the
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean
59
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Economic powers
Technological powers
Cultural religious powers
Social powers
60
What was the ECONOMIC EFFECT of Europe's presence in Asia during this era?
Europe's "trading posts" prospered by using silver to trade for luxuries.
Europe's manufactured goods became highly in demand by Asian consumers
Europe completely dominated all Asian markets
Europe dominated Japan's markets, but was shutout of China
61
All of the following are true of the effects of the slave trade IN Africa. Which was a SOCIAL consequence?
The population of Africa stagnated even as Eurasia's rapidly grew.
Some states increased in power because they profited from the trade.
More men were taken as slaves causing imbalances in gender and families.
Missionaries brought Christianity into Western and Central Africa.
62
All of the following are true, but what was a POLITICAL effect of the Reformation?
Peasants admired Luther's message of Christian equality.
Luther's emphasis on reading encouraged literacy.
Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.
New Christian churches emerged: Lutherans, Anglicans, etc.
63
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been MOST responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
64
These two images provide evidence that after the Spanish conquest of Mesoamerica...
Spanish settlers were able to totally convert all Mayans.
Mayans remained totally isolated from Spanish conquest.
The Mayan religion was identical to European Christianity.
Mayans preserved & blended their culture into Christianity.
65
Below is a scene from the 30 year's war after the Reformation. This war involved fights between
Sunni vs. Shia
Protestants vs. Catholics
Hindus vs. Muslims
Philosophes vs. Absolute Monarchs
66
Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?
The study of mechanics that led to breakthroughs in machinery
The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system
The study of mathematics that led to ideas of probability, binomials, & -#s
The study of the anatomy of the human body
67
Which region(s) supplied the most SUGAR to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
68
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
colonies in the Americas.
caravels using lateen sails.
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
silver-backed currencies.
69
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade CHANGE in 1450-1750?
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
70
Which region(s) supplied the most COTTON, SPICES, & SILK to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
71
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
72
In Istanbul, Turkey. Mosque for SUNNI Islam. Built for Sultan Süleyman. Also a MAUSOLEUM for tombs of Sultans.
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
73
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Chattel Slavery
Indentured Servitude
Mit'a
Encomienda System
74
Aztecs demanded goods from neighboring civilizations would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
75
All of the following statements are true. Which one could you prove with the CULTURAL evidence from the Casta painting?
Taxation, trade, and coerced labor provided revenue for imperial expansion.
Eurasian & American foods mixed in the 'Columbian Exchange.'
Local bureaucratic elites were recruited to maintain imperial control.
Maritime empires used syncretic religions to legitimize their rule.
76
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
77
All of the images below deal MOSTLY with which time period in European history?
The Artistic Renaissance
The Enlightenment
The Scientific Revolution
The Age of Exploration
78
The SANTERIA religion of CUBA (in the Caribbean) would have been a blend of all of these cultures EXCEPT
Spanish Catholicism
East Asian Buddhism
African Yoruba Shamanism
Native American Animism
79
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Han Dynasty
Mongol Empire
Roman Empire
Egyptian Empire

Duplicate of APWH Modern Unit 3 and 4 Review (1450-1750) II Flashcards | StudBud