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Earth Science Chapter 16 Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth Science Chapter 16
Earth Science Chapter 16
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1
Which of the following contain the greatest amount of the earth's fresh water?
glaciers and ice sheets
wetlands
lakes and ponds
groundwater
2
Some lakes contain salt water instead of fresh
False
True
3
A young-earth geologist will claim that no lake or pond can be older than about _______ years.
5500 years
4 million years
4
usually has rapids and waterfalls
low-gradient stream
high-gradient stream
5
The energy of a stream is directly related to its gradient.
True
False
6
An unusual lake that has an inlet but not outlet is a _____.
crater lake
river basin
salt lake
kettle lake
7
A stream that appears as dotted blue lines on a topographic map is which of the following?
underground steam
perennial steam
none of these
intermittent stream
8
A stream and all its tributaries make up a _______.
stream system
floodplain
basin divide
drainage basin
9
The region from which water empties into a steam and its tributaries is a _____.
floodplain
divide
drainage basin
delta
10
a measure of the slope of a stream
gradient
divide
11
A stream along with all its tributaries is called a ______.
tributaries system
steam system
12
A ridge that separates one drainage basin from another is called a ________.
floodplain
divide
13
usually has floodplains
high-gradient stream
low-gradient stream
14
The study of the earth's surface waters is called ______.
limnology
surfaceologist
15
The most likely reason that an engineer would design and build a levee would be to
cause mud bars to form
replenish topsoil
allow ships to bypass waterfalls
control flooding
16
Over time, most lakes will usually
remain the same size but become deeper
remain the same size
shrink
expand
17
Which of the following is a stream?
All the above are streams
rivulet
brook
tributary
18
Lakes of all sizes have well-established current patterns, just like the oceans
False
True
19
The lowest level to which a stream can erode
base level
source
20
a smaller stream that feeds a larger stream
creek
tributary
21
What is the world's largest freshwater lake as measured by surface area?
Lake Baikal
Great Salt Lake
Caspian Sea
Black Sea
22
For lakes and ponds in middle latitudes, the greatest contrast between surface and bottom temperatures would be in _____
summer
spring
winter
fall
23
is produced by a cutoff
delta
oxbow lake
24
The orgin of a stream is its ____________
bed
gradient
source
mouth
25
The water in lakes are mixed vertically by a process called
pressure inversion
gradient turnover
thermal turnover
biological mixing
26
the point where a stream flows into another body of water
headwaters
mouth
27
The gradient of a steam relates most closely to it
cross section
elevation profile
salinity
drainage basin
28
All lakes shrink in size over time.
True
False
29
Which of the following contain the greatest amount of the earth's liquid fresh surface water?
wetlands
lakes and ponds
steams
marshes
30
Streams west of the North American Great Divide eventually drain into the ______.
Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Gulf of Mexico
31
Continental divides are usually mountain ranges
False
True
32
developes in the channels of low-gradient streams
meander
rapids
33
There are several basin divides in North America
False
True
34
The lowest point to which the stream flows is its______.
mouth
source
35
Water that flows either seasonally or continuously on a distinct course over land
oxbow lake
stream
36
In which of the following would you expect to see a narrow, V-shaped cross-section?
none of these
a high-gradient stream
a low-gradient stream
a medium-gradient steam
37
Which of the following can lead to a change of water surface height up to several meters in a short period of time?
a spring turnover
eutrophication
the fall turnover
a seiche
38
Which of the following are associated with low-gradient steams?
strong currents
oxbow lakes
vigorous erosion
rapids
39
Which of the following is not a place where a lake can form?
a volcanic crater
a meteor's crater
a lake can form in all these places
a sinkhole