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AP Biology Cell Structure & Membrane Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Biology Cell Structure & Membrane Review
AP Biology Cell Structure & Membrane Review
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1
Internal membranes, called the _____, is where proteins are made that will be leave the cell.
nuleolus
mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleoid
2
Which of the following is not a function of the Golgi apparatus?
Synthesizing protein
all are functions of the golgi
packaging protein
sorting protein
3
Which of these organelles contain hydrolytic enzymes responsible for intracellular digestion?
golgi
mitochondria
lysosome
ribosome
4
Membrane phospholipids
encircle the cell in a double layer.
are totally surrounded by membrane proteins in a "sandwich."
are dissolved in the water of the cell.
have their nonpolar regions facing the cell exterior.
5
Which of the following will NOT be found in abundance in an insulin-producing pancreas cell?
chloroplasts
ribosomes
rough E.R.
golgi
6
The main difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis is
Pinocytosis is involved in engulfing fluid droplets.
Pinocytosis is possible is WBC, but phagocytosis is not.
Phagocytosis is driven by facilitated diffusion.
Pinocytosis occurs in eukaryotes and phagocytosis does not.
7
Large storage structures typically found in the center of plant cells are ______.
golgi bodies
plastids
central vacoules
mitochondria
8
Sperm cells move by means of __________.
flagella
cilia
psuedopods
actin filaments
9
________ function in the collection, packaging, and distribution of molecules made in the cell.
ribosomes
mitochondria
golgi
peroxisomes
10
All of the following describe the tails of phospholipids EXCEPT:
face the outside of the membrane
hydrophobic
made of fatty acids
nonpolar
11
Particular molecules or ions freely cross the plasma membrane with assistance from _____.
channel proteins
cell recognition proteins
enzymatic proteins
receptor proteins
12
A dark-staining, spherical body found in the nucleus that produces ribosomal subunits is a ___:
smooth E.R.
plasma membrane
nucleolus
golgi
13
Which statement about membrane proteins is NOT true?
Their position is determined by their tertiary structure.
They all extend from one side of the membrane to the other.
Many are free to migrate laterally within the membrane.
Some serve as channels for ions to cross the membrane.
14
B enters the cell through a membrane protein down the concentration gradient. This is called
bulk transport
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
15
If a plant cell is put in an environment which is hypotonic to the cytoplasm, water will
diffuse into the cell less than out of the cell.
not diffuse either in or out of the cell.
diffuse into and out of the cell at the same rates
diffuse out of the cell less than into the cell.
16
In the fluid-mosaic model, _____ are partially or wholly embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.
proteins
triglycerides
nucleic acids
monosaccharides
17
Which of the following correctly describes facilitated transport?
Molecules move from high concentration to low concentration.
It requires the expenditure of energy.
Molecules move from low to high concentration.
Vacuoles form to move materials
18
The endosymbiotic theory explains _____.
how cells reproduce
the difference between plant and animal cells
how photosynthesis occurs
he origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria
19
All cells contain the following structures except _______.
cytoplasm
ribosomes
plasma membrane
nucleus
20
Name the infoldings of the inner membranes of mitochondria which increase the surface area.
matrix
cristae
thylakoid
stroma
21
If the inside of a cell is 1% NaCl, which solution is isotonic to the cell?
10% NaCl
0.1% NaCl
0.01% NaCl
1.0% NaCl
22
Synthesis of lipids occurs in which major organelle?
rough E.R.
chloroplast
mitochondria
smooth E.R.
23
Which of the following statements about active transport is INCORRECT?
Carrier proteins are needed.
Active transport requires the expenditure of energy.
Na and K are actively transported across membranes.
Molecules move from high to low concentration.
24
Protein synthesis in bacterial cells is performed by __________.
ribosomes
centrioles
flagella
cytoplasm
25
Two organelles that are believed to have once been free-living bacterial cells are ___ and ___.
ribosomes; nucleolus
peroxisomes; lysosomes
chloroplasts; mitochondria
Golgi complex; endoplasmic reticulum
26
When a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution which of the following will occur?
The central vacuole will gain water.
Nothing will happen.
The cell will swell and burst.
Water will leave the cell.
27
As cells increase in size, which of the following occurs?
They will lose their nuclear membranes.
The volume will increase more rapidly than the surface area.
The volume and surface area will increase at the same rate.
They will develop multiple nuclei.
28
Skeletal muscle cells will have a large number of _____ due to their high demand for energy.
chloroplasts
mitochondria
lysosomes
flagella
29
The plasma membrane is composed primarily of _____.
waxes
phospholipids
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
30
Insulin leaves insulin-secreting cells by _____.
osmosis
exocytosis
phagocytosis
receptor-mediated endocytosis
31
________ affects the fluidity of membranes.
cholesterol
glycolipids
nucleotides
proteins
32
The stacks of membrane disks containing chlorophyll in a chloroplast are the ______.
stroma
grana
microfilaments
plastids