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Semester 1 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Semester 1 Review
Semester 1 Review
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Review of key vocabulary and concepts from Semester 1!
Flashcards
40 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
40
Answers
1
ADP could be compared to
a car's engine.
a half-charged battery.
a fully charged battery.
an electrical generator.
2
There are _________ main types of RNA.
2
1
6
3
3
True or False Science deals with the supernatural world.
True
False
4
DNA has the sugar __________________; RNA has the sugar _________________.
deoxyribose; ribose
phosphate; phosphote
ribose; deoxyribose
saccharide; monosaccharide
5
In diffusion, molecules move from ___________ concentration to _________ concentration.
low; high
equal; equal
high; low
fresh; salty
6
The final "packaging" of DNA is called a ____________________.
nucleosome
chromosome
chromatid
chromatin
7
Mitosis results in __________ cells; meiosis results in ___________ cells.
2; 2
2; 4
4; 4
2; 6
8
If one compares a cell to a school, the ____________ would be the main office.
nucleus
Golgi body
cell membrane
ribosome
9
When water diffuses across the membrane, it's called ____________________.
equilibrium
osmosis
active transport
phagocytosis
10
The two types of fermentation are
glucose and fructose.
lactic acid and alcoholic.
respiration and expiration.
carbonic acid and alcoholic.
11
Replication is the process of
transforming DNA to RNA.
making a protein.
creating an identical double-stranded DNA molecule.
creating an identical single-stranded DNA molecule.
12
Anaerobic means ____________________; aerobic means _________________.
with oxygen; without oxygen
without oxygen; with oxygen
from the sun; from the Earth
it does not have a nucleus; it has a nucleus.
13
What are the two main types of transport across a cell membrane?
endocytosis and phagocytosis
active and passive
osmosis and diffusion
land and air
14
Chlorophyll's job is to
reflect the color green.
trap carbon dioxide.
attract and trap sunlight energy.
warm the plant cell.
15
Mitosis makes ______________ cells; meiosis makes _______________ cells.
body; sex
animal; plant
sex; body
skin; brain
16
If one compares a cell to a school, the ____________________ would be the storage room.
nucleus
mitochondria
ribosome
vacuole
17
What occurs in G1 of interphase?
Cell grows
Cell copies its DNA
Cell communicates with its daughter cell
Cell copies its organelles
18
Eukaryotic cells have a true ____________________.
mitochondria
flagellum
cell wall
nucleus
19
If you have an mRNA codon of UUU, the anticodon would be _______________.
AAA
GGG
CCC
TTT
20
What area of science focuses on the study of living things?
Ecology
Biology
Physics
Chemistry
21
True or False The first step in the Scientific Method is to ask a question.
True
False
22
An example of an autotroph is __________________.
mouse
algae
porpoise
human
23
The best way to write a hypothesis is to
ask an if/then question.
write a 5-paragraph essay.
begin with a question.
write an if/then statement.
24
Carbohydrates provide _____________ for the cell.
connective tissue
passive transport
structure
energy
25
The products of photosynthesis include ________________, water, and oxygen.
chlorophyll
carbon dioxide
glucose
light
26
Where do the electrons come from in photosynthesis to power the electron transport chain?
water
oxygen
carbon dioxide
glucose
27
Where, in cellular respiration, is the majority of ATP made?
Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis
Photosynthesis
Krebs Cycle
28
Where does the cell spend most of its life cycle?
in replication of DNA
in interphase
in mitosis
in cell division
29
Transcribe the DNA sequence AATTGGCC.
TTAACCUU
GGCCAATT
UUAACCGG
TTAACCGG
30
Life on Earth is based on the ____________________ atom.
sulfur
carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen
31
Plants generally prefer sunlight energy in the wavelengths of ______________ and _____________.
purple; green
blue; green
red; green
blue; red
32
If oxygen is present, _________________ occurs.
cellular respiration
glycolysis
alcoholic fermentation
lactic acid fermentation
33
Polymers are built out of ________________________.
cells
atoms
exomeres
monomers
34
PMAT stands for
prepare, middle, apart, two.
prepare, migrate, analyze, trigger.
the steps of interphase.
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
35
Ribosomes make ______________________.
proteins
DNA
ATP
energy
36
The cell is
always surrounded by a cell wall.
the basic unit of living matter.
the largest living unit of life.
the basic unit of the universe.
37
The job of the __________ RNA is to bring encoded instructions from the DNA to the ribosome.
messenger
ribosomal
cytosomal
transfer
38
The four macromolecules of life are
atom, cell, organ, organ system.
guanine, cytosine, thymine, and adenine.
proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.
proteins, lipids, carbonic acids, sugars.
39
In metaphase, the chromosomes
are pulled apart.
are found at opposite ends and are being surrounded again.
line up in the middle of the cell.
are condensing and the spindle begins to form.
40
The opposite reaction to cellular respiration is
photosynthesis.
chemosynthesis.
breathing.
alcoholic fermentation.
