Narrative Elements

When the reader learns about the character through dialogue, behavior, etc.

The character that changes in an important way during the story.

Hints in the story about future events.

The very end of the story when all the loose ends of the plot are resolved. 

When the narrator tells the story using personal pronouns like I or me. 

A scene interrupts the story to introduce an event that took place in the past.

When the author explains directly what the characters are like. 

A mental or emotional struggle that occurs within a character.

When a person says or writes one thing but means another

Abstract ideas represented by the characters or events in the story. 

The outcome is dramatically different than what was expected.

The character or force in conflict with the protagonist.

The most exciting part of the story.

When the audience knows something the character doesn't.

A character that has only one or two personality traits

A struggle that occurs between a character and some outside force.

The reasons why a character acts or thinks in a certain way.

A reference to another work, person, place, or event.

A character that has many personality traits.

An idea or message about life, society, or human nature. 

The perspective from which a writer tells a story.

The storyteller or voice that tells the story.

The time and place in which the story happens.

A character who is the same at the end of the story as at the beginning.

A series of related events.

The main character in the story.

The narrator tells the story from the perspective of only one person. 

The writer's attitude toward the audience, a subject, or character. 

The narrator knows everything about all the characters and the events in the story. 

The narrator is objective and tells the story as it is observed.

An object or action that means something more than its literal meaning.