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JDHS Biology Milestone Mini- Review Flashcards | StudBud
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JDHS Biology Milestone Mini- Review
JDHS Biology Milestone Mini- Review
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Mini Review Quiz to prepare for the Milestone EOC in Biology #highschool
Flashcards
47 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
47
Answers
1
Prokaryotes lack
a cell membrane
cytoplasm
genetic material
a nucleus
2
If an organism's diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
6
12
24
3
3
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
telophase
4
Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down
water
food molecules
carbon dioxide
ATP
5
According to Darwin, individuals who survive are best adapted. Their survival is due to the
possession of adaptations developed through use
lack of competition within the species
possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness
choices made by plant and animal breeders
6
Which pair is correct?
S phase, cell division
G1 phase, DNA replication
G2 phase, preparation for mitosis
M phase, cell growth
7
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes
build tissues such as bone and muscle
help to fight disease
store and transmit heredity
8
What is produced during transcription?
RNA polymerase
DNA molecules
RNA molecules
proteins
9
Which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell?
electron transport
Krebs cycle
glycolysis
photosynthesis
10
For a cross between a homozygous tall (TT) plant and a heterozygous (Tt) plant, which is true?
About half of the offspring will be short
About half of the offspring will be tall
All of the offspring will be short
All of the offspring will be tall
11
Which of the following represents the phases of the CELL CYCLE in their proper sequence?
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
12
All the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem make up a food
chain
web
interaction
network
13
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
ribose + phosphate group + uracil
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
ribose + phosphate group + thymine
14
The two main types of
FERMENTATION
are called
alcoholic and lactic acid
aerobic and anaerobic
alcoholic and aerobic
lactic acid and anaerobic
15
Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
vacuole
mitochondrion
ribosome
Golgi apparatus
16
A pattern in which species have stable periods followed by brief rapid evolutionary change is
convergent evolution
punctuated equilibrium
coevolution
adaptive radiation
17
What happens during the process of translation?
Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA
Messenger RNA is made from DNA
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
Copies of DNA molecules are made
18
Which kingdom contains heterotrophs with cell walls of chitin?
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
19
All of the members of a particular species that live in one area are called a(n)
population
ecosystem
community
biome
20
Which of the following is released during cellular respiration?
oxygen
air
energy
glucose
21
What proportion of all species that have ever lived has become extinct?
more than 99 percent
100 percent
less than 1 percent
approximately one-half
22
Which of the following is biochemical evidence for evolution?
hemoglobin in humans can vary between different individuals
embryonic hemoglobin is different from adult hemoglobin
Human hemoglobin is more similar to chimps than mice
Human hemoglobin is different than mouse hemoglobin
23
Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT
transpiration
burning of fossil fuels
decomposition of plants and animals
photosynthesis
24
The second part of a scientific name is unique to each
species in its genus
order in its class
family in its order
genus in its family
25
When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is
natural selection
artificial selection
survival of the fittest
artificial variation
26
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
four genetically different cells
two genetically identical cells
two genetically different cells
four genetically identical cells
27
What are the three parts of an ATP molecule?
adenine, ribose, phosphate
adenine, thylakoids, stroma
NADH, NADPH, and FADH2
stroma, grana, chlorophyll
28
Which of the following is NOT an example of a heterotroph?
grass
mushroom
leopard
human
29
Energy is released from ATP when
a phosphate group is removed
a phosphate group is added
ATP is exposed to sunlight
adenine bonds to ribose
30
DNA is copied during a process called
replication
transformation
transcription
translation
31
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins
carbohydrates
32
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy → 6CO2 + 6H2O
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy → 6O2 + C6H12O6
6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
6CO2 + 6H2O → 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
33
Which of the following explains why bird wings and reptile forelegs are evidence of evolution?
Similar functions point to a common ancestor
Analogous structures indicate a common ancestor
Vestigial structures point to a common ancestor
Homologous structures indicate a common ancestor
34
The process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells is called
metaphase
anaphase
cytokinesis
interphase
35
Which phrase best defines evolution by natural selection?
a sudden replacement of one population by another
changes in a species as it becomes more perfect
a process of change in species over time
an adaptation of a species to its environment
36
The finches that Darwin found on the Galapagos displayed different adaptations including
similarities of the birds' embryos
number of eggs in each bird's nest
birds' different-shaped beaks
length of the birds' necks
37
A species that evolved into several different species that live in different ways has undergone
punctuated equilibrium
coevolution
adaptive radiation
mass extinction
38
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
ATP and oxygen
oxygen
high-energy sugars
oxygen and high-energy sugars
39
Gametes are produced by the process of
mitosis
replication
meiosis
crossing-over
40
Each of the following is an abiotic factor in the environment EXCEPT
plant life
temperature
soil type
rainfall
41
Which shows the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from simple to most complex?
cell, tissue, organ system, organ
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
organ system, organ, tissue, cell
tissue, organ, organ system, cell
42
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
GATCCA
TCGAAC
GAUCCA
AGCTTG
43
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be
heterozygous
hybrid
homozygous
dominant
44
Who are the best Biology teachers of ALL time?
Dr. Stapleton
Mr. Clay
Mr. Clay & Mr. Towns
Dr. Stapleton and Mr. Towns
45
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web?
food pyramid
energy path
food chain
trophic level
46
Which organelle breaks down food into particles the cell can use?
lysosome
mitochondrion
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
47
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?
glycolysis → fermentation → Krebs cycle
Krebs cycle → glycolysis → electron transport
glycolysis → Krebs cycle → electron transport
Krebs cycle → electron transport → glycolysis
