If humans kill most of the giant tritons in a coral reef, the coral population will MOST likely

decrease due to an increase in the crown-of-thorns sea stars

What is the significance of anaphase in this process?

Ensures that each new cell has the same # of chromosomes

What do we mean when we say that a trait is dominant?

Only one copy of the allele is needed to express the trait

Which best describes the interaction between DNA and RNA during protein synthesis?

RNA carries code from DNA to ribosome for protein synthesis

Decomposers are necessary in a food chain because they

return nutrients to the ecosystem

Which statement is NOT a part of the concept of natural selection?

Genes of an individual adapt to a changing environment

What is likely happening between period S and T?

Cell death occurs faster than cell division

Which statement best describes the primary function of DNA replication?

to ensure daughter cells have a complete copy of DNA

Which BEST describes how enzymes function in the body?

Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions

Which statement best explains what is happening at point A?

Population is stabilizing as it approaches carrying capacity

Figure 10-1 shows the changes in the # of chromosomes in dog cells during sexual reproduction. What are processes A & B?

A is meiosis and B is fertilization

Which is an organelle that performs cellular respiration and is paired with its function?

mitochondrion - converts energy in glucose to energy of ATP

What conclusion is best supported by the evidence?

The rate of photosynthesis was greatest from May-July

Which of the following is most likely TRUE about the four species whose limbs are pictured below?

They all share a common ancestor

The section labeled A is most likely a

part of a gene for a particular trait

Which observation could lead to the conclusion that an object is nonliving?

It cannot perform metabolic processes

Which statements best describe the relationship among chromosomes, genes, and nuclei?

Genes are found on chromosomes. Chromosomes are found in nuclei.

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Final Exam Review

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Questions 33

Answers

1
If humans kill most of the giant tritons in a coral reef, the coral population will MOST likely
decrease due to an increase in the crown-of-thorns sea stars
decrease due to a decrease in the parrot fish population
increase due to an increase in the parrot fish population
increase due to a decrease in the crown-of-thorns sea stars
2
What is the significance of anaphase in this process?
Ensures that each new cell has the same # of chromosomes
Ensures that each new cell has 2x the # of chromosomes
In anaphase, the DNA is being replicated
In anaphase, the cell splits in half
3
Carbon monoxide (CO) reduces the amount of O₂ transported to cells. Inhaling CO can lead to
producing less ATP
producing less glucose
producing more DNA
producing more protein
4
How is this trait inherited?
autosomal dominant
sex-linked dominant
sex-linked recessive
autosomal recessive
5
What do we mean when we say that a trait is dominant?
It is stronger than a recessive trait
It makes more protein than a recessive trait
Only one copy of the allele is needed to express the trait
It is more frequent in the population than a recessive trait
6
What are the odds that 2 heterozygous individuals (Aa x Aa) will have a child with the phenotype aa?
3/4
2/4
0/4
1/4
7
Which best describes the interaction between DNA and RNA during protein synthesis?
RNA carries code from DNA to ribosome for protein synthesis
DNA travels to ribosome & RNA translates code to protein
DNA travels to cytoplasm while RNA stays in nucleus
RNA carries code to nucleus & DNA translates code to protein
8
Decomposers are necessary in a food chain because they
produce organic nutrients
absorb energy from the sun
manufacture food by photosynthesis
return nutrients to the ecosystem
9
Which species was best adapted to changes that occurred in its environment over time?
A
B
C
J
10
Which molecule is paired with its correct role in protein synthesis?
tRNA - transfers amino acids
ribosome - carries DNA instructions
nucleus - forms peptide bonds
mRNA - joins amino acids
11
Which statement is NOT a part of the concept of natural selection?
More individuals are produced than will survive
Variation occurs among individuals in a population
Genes of an individual adapt to a changing environment
Those with favorable variations often reproduce more
12
What is likely happening between period S and T?
Cell growth equals cell death
Cell death occurs faster than cell division
Exponential growth of bacteria
Growth and development of the bacteria
13
Which statement best describes the primary function of DNA replication?
to allow prokaryotic cells to undergo meiosis
to ensure daughter cells have a complete copy of DNA
to provide genetic variation within specific organisms
to prevent mutations from occurring in cells
14
Which BEST describes how enzymes function in the body?
Enzymes are converted into products
Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions
One enzyme can catalyze many different reactions
An enzyme is used once and then destroyed by the cell
15
Which molecules store and transmit genetic information?
lipids
carbohydrates
proteins
nucleic acids
16
Which two species would most likely show the greatest similarity of DNA and proteins?
F and L
J and K
G and I
B and J
17
Which process MOST contributes to genetic variation in a population?
Chromosome replication before mitosis
Cytokinesis during cellular division
Crossing over during meiosis
Duplication of chromosomes in asexual reproduction
18
Which statement best explains what is happening at point A?
Destruction of habitat causes decline in crab population
Population is stabilizing as it approaches carrying capacity
Arrival of new predator causes crab population to dip
Population growth decreases as crabs get older
19
Figure 10-1 shows the changes in the # of chromosomes in dog cells during sexual reproduction. What are processes A & B?
A is meiosis and B is fertilization
A is meiosis & B is mitosis
A is mitosis & B is fertilization
A is mitosis and B is meiosis
20
Which is an organelle that performs cellular respiration and is paired with its function?
mitochondrion - converts cellular energy into glucose
chloroplast - converts chemical energy into light energy
chloroplast - converts light energy into solar energy
mitochondrion - converts energy in glucose to energy of ATP
21
What process allows some microorganisms to produce energy in oxygen-free environments?
anaerobic respiration
photosynthesis
aerobic respiration
mitosis
22
What conclusion is best supported by the evidence?
Photosynthetic organisms experience die-off from Jan-June
Photosynthetic organisms were dormant from April-August
The rate of photosynthesis was greatest from May-July
The rate of photosynthesis increased from June to December
23
Which two species are most closely related?
F and H
F and G
G and L
J and L
24
Which of the following is most likely TRUE about the four species whose limbs are pictured below?
They occupy the same level in a food web
They all share a common ancestor
They are adapted to similar environmental conditions.
They use their limbs for the same functions
25
Compared to a normal body cell, a normal egg cell contains
the same # of chromosomes
half the # of chromosomes
four times the number of chromosomes
twice the number of chromosomes
26
Which cellular process converts solar energy into chemical energy?
photosynthesis
respiration
replication
transpiration
27
The section labeled A is most likely a
biological catalyst
part of a gene for a particular trait
chromosome undergoing a mutation
protein composed of folded chains of amino acids
28
Which observation could lead to the conclusion that an object is nonliving?
It has cells but not tissues
It cannot perform metabolic processes
It passes on hereditary information via asexual reproduction
It carries out synthesis
29
Which process does this equation represent?
aerobic respiration
protein synthesis
photosynthesis
anaerobic respiration
30
What amino acid sequence will be translated from the mRNA sequence AUG CGU AUU UAA CCC?
Arg-Ile-STOP
Met-Arg-Ile-STOP-Pro
Met-Arg-Ile-STOP
Met-Arg-STOP
31
Which BEST explains why a bacterial cell is classified as a prokaryote?
the presence of a cell wall
the presence of a nucleus
the absence of a nucleus
the absence of a cell wall
32
A gene contains the DNA sequence TAC GCA TAA ATT GGG. What mRNA sequence will be produced during transcription?
ATG CGT ATT TAA CCC
TAC GCA TAA ATT GGG
AUG CGU AUU UAA CCC
UAC GCA UAA AUU CCC
33
Which statements best describe the relationship among chromosomes, genes, and nuclei?
Chromosomes are found in nuclei. Nuclei are found in genes.
Chromosomes are found on genes. Genes are found in nuclei.
Genes are found in nuclei. Nuclei are found in chromosomes.
Genes are found on chromosomes. Chromosomes are found in nuclei.

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