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HIST 1301 F24 Flashcards | StudBud
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HIST 1301 F24
HIST 1301 F24
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history of science and technology
Flashcards
63 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
By _____C.E. all
extant
Greek work on medicine, science, and math were translated into Arabic.
1000
723
125
500
2
Ancient _______ was the world's first widely literate society and is credited with being the birthplace of Science.
Mesopotamia
Greece
Egypt
Rome
3
Who founded the Academy in Athens in 388?
Empedocles
Aristotle
Plato
Socrates
4
What does Renaissance mean?
Renewal
LIfe
Death
Rebirth
5
What does viviparous mean?
living
Born live
non-living
Born from eggs
6
Among the Platonic Solids the Tetrahedron represented ________
Love
Fire
Air
Water
7
19. Aristotle believed that you could trust your senses?
Meh, sometimes
Yes, totally!
No, never!
8
If you attended a medieval university you would study
The seven liberal arts
Business
Only what the church approved
Whatever you were most interested in
9
The Islamic Empire imported paper making technology from this Empire
Chinese
Ottoman
Greek
Roman
10
According to Aristotle's theory of Levity a book sitting on a desk is subject to forced motion.
True
False
11
Did Plato believe that you could trust your senses?
No
Yes
Only some of them
12
Between 1813 and 1833 the number of power looms in Britain climbed from 2,400 to
5,000
100,000
1,000,000
25,000
13
Steam power became available to British factories after what year?
1833
1785
1813
1665
14
According to Aristotle which classification of animal belonged highest on the hierarchy?
viviparous quadrupeds
testacea
crustacea
oviparous quadrupeds
15
Which of these is
not
a common characteristic of a profession?
Government control
Recognized authority
Specialized skills and training
Self-governing
16
One of the ways that the English (and later British) Parliament encouraged innovation was through the _____ of 1624.
Abolishment of Monopolies Act
English Statute of Monopolies
British Patent Act
Profit by Patent Act
17
What is one of the reasons that an industrial revolution did not occur in Ancient Rome?
They didn't understand practical skills like metalurgy
They lacked the knowledge of mathematics that the Greeks had
They believed that machines were dangerous and irreligious
Slave labour made labour-saving innovation unnecessary.
18
Bacon believed that lack of progress was due to ....
lack of skill
lack of application
lack of knowledge
lack of imagination
19
Which of these is not an example of neolithic pyro-technology?
pottery
plaster
metalurgy
brick
20
What is Mercantilism?
When merchants govern a country
An economy based on manufacturing
An economic practice where a country's economy increases its power
A parliamentary monarchy
21
What water technology did the early Islamic Empire adopt and improve to improve agriculture?
Canals
Noria
Qanats
Aqueducts
22
Who wrote
Elements of Chemistry
and together with his wife identified 33 of the elements?
Franklin
Priestly
Black
Lavoisier
23
Which Western civilization had the most advanced sanitation before the 19th century?
Byzantine
England
Rome
Greece
24
Who explained how electricity works (with + and - charges) by comparing it to an economy?
Newton
Galvani
Franklin
Volta
25
Plato's Cosmos was the product of...
The Big Bang
Reason and planning
Random combinations of atoms
The will of the gods
26
In Greek architecture the stone that bridges the top of the columns is called a(n):
Ceiling
beam
Lintel
Arch
27
Galileo's drawings of the moon were revolutionary because:
he moon was bigger than previously thought
The moon was not a perfect sphere
There was a face on the moon
It demonstrated the perfection of the cosmos
28
Why were the first steam engines developed (in England and Wales)?
To access coal from mines
To power factories
To harvest crops
To power trains
29
When did the Industrial Revolution begin?
16th century
19th century
17th century
18th century
30
Aristotle proposed five elements: earth, air, water, fire, and __________
Aether
Firmament
Quintessence
Divine
31
Who were the Nestorians?
Christian monks who specialized in scribing and translation
Islamic scholars who worked at the House of Wisdom
Rich land owners who founded an Academy
Heretics who studied Plato and Aristotle
32
Hippocratic Medicine adopted the system of contraries developed by
Heraclitus
Aristotle
Empedocles
Plato
33
Which of the following was NOT an important prerequisite for scientific thinking?
Democracy
Literacy
Prosperity
Contact with other cultures
34
What was the study of nature called before people started to use the term "science"?
Scientia
Nature study
Cosmology
Natural Philosophy
35
What 'revolution' did literacy accompany?
Neolithic
Industrial
Scientific
Agricultural
36
When society provides for individuals who then contribute with special skills, it is called:
Specialization
Diversification
Education
Apprenticeship training
37
What did Stephen Grey's experiment with the orphan boy demonstrate?
That ethics boards were not yet established.
That static was electricity.
That anyone could make scientific discoveries.
Materials act as insulators and conductors of electricity.
38
Why did many of the early natural philosophers assume that the earth was a sphere?
They observed other planets and knew earth was the same
The sphere was a divine shape
Centrifugal force
Priests told them it was
39
Using Arkwright's machine you could process 100lbs of cotton in:
1 hour
300 hours
10 hours
50,000 hours
40
What material did the Romans invent by adding aggregates to cement?
Concrete
Plaster
Cement
Arches
41
William Perkin, the father of Industrial Chemistry, discovered mauve while trying to make:
none of these
quinine
alanine
cinchona
42
When did the Italian Renaissance begin?
14th century
16th century
17th century
15th century
43
German alchemist Henning Brand used human urine to discover phosphorus. Why did he start with urine?
They knew the power of urea.
It was a warm.
It came from a living human body.
He was trying to isolate ammonia.
44
What was the purpose to the elevation of Roman roads?
Architects believed height brought them closer to the gods
So that soldiers could see far and avoid ambush
To keep them free from animals
So people could not get on them without paying a toll
45
The Aristotelian Universe was:
geocentric
heliostatic
heliocentric
46
This French thinker tried to replace Aristotelianism with his own system.
Francois Poulain
Voltaire
Rene Descartes
Andreas Vesalius
47
Which if these would NOT be considered one of Aristotle's "bloodless" animals?
sea anemone
dragonfly
crab
shark
48
According to Aristotle's system of biology what type of soul did humans, plants and animals all share in common?
Rational
Sensitive
Creative
Nutritive
49
What is 'enclosure'?
Animals were enclosed by fences
The government voted to make all land public
Prison was reformed
Common agricultural and grazing lands became private
50
The Almagest,an ancient work that influenced Renaissance astronomer Copernicus, was written by:
Ptolemy
Aristotle
Pythagoras
Galen
51
This famous silver smith is credited with inventing movable type in the Western world
Isaac Newton
Rene Descartes
Johanes Gutenberg
Martin Luther
52
Aristotle believed the Sphere of the Cosmos to be divided into the ________ realms
Wet and Dry
Earth and Air
Starry and Earthy
Celestial and Terrestrial
53
When did the Neolithic Revolution occur?
600 BCE
5,000 - 6,000 years ago
800 CE
12 000-10,000 years ago
54
Early manufactories (factories) had to be located near what?
mines
train tracks
water
towns
55
Why did European Alchemists refer to Aristotle's
Meteorology
?
It had recipes to transmute metals into greater metals
Aristotle proposed how metal formed naturally and they wanted to copy
It promised gold and glory
They believed Aristotle was the greatest alchemist
56
The Agricultural Revolution in Medieval Europe resulted in:
Widespread unemployment and starvation
A move to mechanical rather than animal/human power
A heavy reliance on manual labour
The end of small farms and farming
57
Which of the following cannot be transmuted into the others?
Water
Air
Fire
Earth
58
According to Aristotle's theory of Levity fire will always ____
Move away from the centre of the universe
Move toward the centre of the universe
Move toward the sun
59
A Cosmogony seeks to
Pass on history
Explain the basic laws of physics
Explain the origins of the universe
Understand how the universe works
60
Why did people switch from wool to cotton during the Industrial Revolution?
All of these
It required less care
It was cheaper
It became fashionable
61
Greek influence is evident in the ________ structure of the Roman Pantheon.
Spherical
Marble
Dodecahedron
Arched
62
The Coal and Colonies theory is an explanation of why the Industrial Revolution began in _____.
France
Australia
England
America
63
This frontispiece to Spratt's History of the Royal Society depicts Brouckner, Charles II and:
Robert Boyle
Isaac Newton
Robert Hooke
Francis Bacon
