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World History and Geography Part 1
World History and Geography Part 1
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World History and Geography Part 1 released Virginia SOL test questions from 2012 and 2014
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110 cards
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1
Many Incan cities were easily defended because they were built-
on islands
in rainforests
on mountaintops
in canyons
2
The first European universities were based on the scholarly contributions of —
courts
guilds
monasteries
manors
3
In the 14 and 15 centuries most goods arrived in Europe from Constantinople after crossing the
Red Sea
Pacific Ocean
Black Sea
Indian Ocean
4
The empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai benefited from being near the-
Red Sea coast
Trans-Saharan trade routes
Mediterranean Sea
largest European cities
5
Which religion belongs in the shaded part of this diagram?
Confucianism
Buddhism
Hinduism
Shintoism
6
This sequence describes the development of government in ancient —
Rome
Sparta
Byzantium
Athens
7
The Magna Carta was important because it —
established the right of assembly
increased the influence of the church
ended the system of feudalism
limited the power of the king
8
The ancient Hebrews were among the first to develop a religious tradition that included —
monotheism
ancestor worship
sacrifices
holy pilgrimages
9
Which number marks a province of the Roman Empire?
3
4
2
1
10
Living in hannony with nature is an important part of Chinese culture primarily because of-
Hinduism
Taoism
Buddhism
Confucianism
11
Which list places these events in the correct chronological order?
1, 2, 4, 3
4, 3, 1, 2
2, 4, 3, 1
3, 1, 2, 4
12
Which art form is most associated with the Byzantine culture?
Sculpture
Music
Tapestries
Mosaics
13
Which number represents the location of ancient Athens?
3
4
1
2
14
The defining characteristic of polytheistic religions is the idea that-
beings undergo many cycles of rebirth
there is an eternal struggle between good and evil
past actions control the destiny of each person
there are many gods and goddesses in existence
15
Which factor was most important about the site of Constantinople?
River valley to provide rich farmland
Desert oasis to supply fresh water
Mountains for stone building materials
Peninsula for easily constructed defenses
16
This quotation best represents the religious views of-
Jews
Buddhists
Zoroastrians
Hindus
17
Which number shows where Roman civilization first developed?
2
1
4
3
18
These statements describe characteristics of the early -
Buddhists
Christians
Zoroastrians
Muslims
19
What was one impact of this event?
Muslim pilgrims no longer traveled to Medina.
The desert tribes declared a lasting truce.
Muslim teachers no longer made the Hajj.
A permanent split occurred within the religion.
20
Early Hellenic culture spread from Greece to Asia Minor as a result of —
climate changes
dynastic decline
sea trade
democratic elections
21
The Dome of the Rock is an example of which civilization’s achievements in art and architecture
Chinese
Greek
Islamic
Roman
22
Which event is described in this list?
The Peloponnesian War
The Gallic Wars
The Trojan War
The Punic Wars
23
Which choice belongs in this diagram?
Patricians in section 1
Plebeians in section 1
Consuls in section 2
Emperors in section 2
24
The Limpopo and Zambezi Rivers were boundaries for the empire of —
Nubia
Zimbabwe
Kush
Ghana
25
The Mayan and Aztec civilizations advanced the development of-
ocean navigation
calendars
printing
manufacturing goods
26
Which primary factor encouraged Greek city-states to develop different identities?
Language
Religion
Geography
Economy
27
What best completes the title of this map?
Judaism
Islam
the Crusades
the Plague
28
Which of these best completes this diagram?
Upanishads
Ten Commandments
Vedas
Twelve Tablets
29
Which action best completes this diagram?
Adoption of uniform currency
Prohibition of money lending
Control of price levels
Limitation of economic regulations
30
The Gupta Empire made a major contribution to world civilizations by developing —
long-lasting roads
wind-powered boats
the concept of zero
the production of porcelain
31
The ruling authority of China’s ancient dynasties was based on the —
Mandate of Heaven
Ten Commandments
Twelve Tables
Code of Hammurabi
32
Which phrase best describes the geographic location of the Mayan civilization?
Deserts in Mexico
Mountains of Brazil
Rainforests in Central America
Woodlands of North America
33
Which best supports the conclusion that the Indus Valley civilization had a central government
The farms produced annual crop surpluses.
Houses were constructed with baked bricks.
Goods were imported from coastal cities.
The cities had a organized pattern of streets.
34
Which institution in Western Europe had the most power during the Middle Ages?
Roman universities
The feudal system
Merchant guilds
The Church
35
What does this diagram represent?
Caste system of India
Political system of Greece
Class system of China
Feudal system of Japan
36
Which change was a result of the rise of the feudal system?
Artistic achievements became socially important.
Long-distance trade routes were developed.
Local lords had the most political power.
Major cities were established.
37
This speech helped to start the —
First Crusade
Hundred Years’ War
Norman Conquest
Holy Roman Empire
38
Which city served as the capital of three empires at different times and under different names?
Moscow
Constantinople
Baghdad
Athens
39
What characteristic did the Persian Empire share with the Roman and Incan Empire?
Uniform system of money
Written system of law
Widespread road system
Monothesistic religious system
40
Which text is a central document of Judaism?
Torah
Analects
Upanishads
Koran (Qur’an)
41
Which event helped to spread Islam in Africa?
Establishment of trade with Timbuktu
Relocation of capital to Baghdad
Conquest of Jerusalem
Conquest of Damascus
42
During the Renaissance, these authors were most often studied by -
humanists
parish priests
feudal lords
bankers
43
In The Prince, Niccolò Machiavelli explained why it is necessary for leaders to have —
political equality
democratic participation
constitutional government
absolute power
44
Howdid Rome's military conquests affect the economic and social structures of theRoman Republic
Soldiers deserted to join enemy armies attacking Rome.
The Republic adopted a monotheistic religion.
Trade routes fell into disuse throughout the Republic.
Slavery became important to Rome's agricultural production.
45
The rivervalley civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia developed governments that were ruled by
religious authorities
representative assemblies
elected officials
tribal councils
46
The cause of the split in Islam after Muhammad's death was a difference of opinion concerning -
pilgrimages
leaders
prayer
expansion
47
Which city was an obstacle to early Rome's control of the Mediterranean region?
Corinth
Athens
Alexandria
Carthage
48
Which civilization influenced the architecture in this picture?
Greek
Islamic
Byzantine
Russian
49
Which civilization best completes this diagram?
Persian
Egyptian
Mayan
Incan
50
Which phrase completes this diagram?
Production of Books
Growth of Universities
Construction of Monasteries
Development of Guilds
51
These events occurred in the nation-state of —
Russia
England
France
Spain
52
The Vedas and the Upanishads are sacred writings of-
Zoroastrianism
Judaism
Buddhism
Hinduism
53
Hippocrates made important contributions in the area of —
poetry
philosophy
sculpture
medicine
54
Which regions were connected by the Silk Roads?
East Africa and Southeast Asia
Western Europe and East Africa
East Asia and the Mediterranean basin
Northern Europe and the Mediterranean basin
55
Which empire was best known for libraries that preserved ancient Greek and Roman knowledge?
Mongol
Byzantine
Gupta
Chinese
56
What best replaces the question mark?
Citizenship Rights
Representative Government
Social Structure
Trade Policies
57
Which number marks the location of an African kingdom that adopted Christianity?
1
4
2
3
58
Which accomplishment is associated with Alexander the Great?
The introduction of Christianity to the Near East
The destruction of the Athenian navy in battle
The defeat of the Chinese army in Asia
The spread of Greek culture throughout the empire
59
Shinto had which lasting effect on Japanese culture?
Emphasis on the beauty of the natural world in art
Division of people into rigid social classes
Focus on military devotion as the highest form of virtue
Adoption of examination system to select officials
60
This quotation describes the-
collapse of Western control of Jerusalem
triumph of the Ottoman Turks at Tours
collapse of Rome as a result of the barbarian invasions
triumph of Pope Urban in retaking the Holy Land
61
Which region best replaces the question mark?
Greece
Mesopotamia
China
Egypt
62
During the Neolithic Era, which change first resulted in the creation of settled communities?
Use of pottery
Development of agriculture
Specialization of labor
Invention of written language
63
Which god kept the same name when adopted from Greek mythology by the Romans?
Venus
Zeus
Apollo
Juno
64
Which movement had the greatest influence on the Renaissance?
Feudalism
Utopianism
Romanticism
Humanism
65
Which ancient writing system is illustrated in this picture?
Sumerian cuneiform
Phoenician alphabet
Chinese characters
Egyptian hieroglyphics
66
Machu Picchu is located in which type of geographic region?
Arid valley
Mountains
Rain forest
Plains
67
Which number on map represents theregion where archaeologists believe the firsthumans appeared?
2
1
3
4
68
One characteristic of the Pax Romana was widespread -
political conflict
social equality
economic prosperity
cultural decline
69
Which characteristic was most common in ancient river valley civilizations?
Limited population growth
Hereditary rule
Social equality
Limited economic growth
70
Which characteristic was shared by the Aztec and Mayan civilizations?
2
4
3
1
71
Which information correctly completes this table?
Column 2—Centered in Rome
Column 2—Used Greek language in liturgy
Column 1—Centered in Constantinople
Column 1—Accepted the authority of the Patriarch
72
According to this quotation, Christopher Columbus relied on technology that originated in -
China
Spain
Arabia
Italy
73
Which characteristic is associated with both the Roman and the Greek cultures?
Bicameral legislature
Polytheistic religion
An army of legionnaires
The rule of emperors
74
The Battle of Tours was significant because it marked the —
end of the Crusades in the Middle East
beginning of British dominance in Northern Europe
end of Muslim expansion into Western Europe
beginning of Turkish rule in the Balkans
75
During the Middle Ages Greek and Roman classics were preserved when they were translated into -
Chinese
Persian
Arabic
Russian
76
Which factor strengthened both the Byzantine Empire and the empire of Charlemagne?
Unity between politics and religion
Patrons of painters and sculptors
Studies of geography and medicine
Respect for elders and ancestors
77
Emperor Constantine influenced the traditions of Western civilization by -
unifying Europe by founding the Holy Roman Empire
codifying Roman law in the Middle East
sending Roman soldiers to the Middle East
legalizing Christianity within the Roman Empire
78
What was the purpose of this structure?
To practice a religion
To defend a city
To make travel easier
To carry water
79
Which religion encourages its followers to make a pilgrimage to this site?
Christianity
Buddhism
Islam
Hinduism
80
The ancient Hebrews established a civilization near which location?
3
1
4
2
81
In this quotation, Pericles describes Athenian society as valuing —
religious freedom
economic opportunity
civic responsibility
military discipline
82
Emperor Constantine chose the location for a new capital partly for its distance from-
feudal kingdoms
Germanic invaders
trade routes
Mongol hordes
83
Ancient Athens was responsible for developing which concept in government?
Direct democracy
Civil service
Elected legislatures
Written laws
84
When studying prehistoric people, cave drawings like this one allow archaeologists to —
interpret written records
understand spoken languages
study farming techniques
speculate about daily lives
85
Whose codification of Roman law has strongly influenced European laws of today?
Justinian
Augustus Caesar
Constantine
Marcus Aurelius
86
According to the Mandate of Heaven, a Chinese emperor could remain in power as long as he-
governed as a just ruler
conquered new territories
obeyed the priests
controlled the army
87
Which characteristic describes the earliest followers of Islam?
Nomads in West Africa
Sea traders from South Asia
Migrated from Central Asia
Lived on the Arabian Peninsula
88
Which empire is described by these characteristics?
Mongol Empire
Byzantine Empire
Ottoman Empire
Persian Empire
89
The movable-type printing press helped the Renaissance by--
expanding the distribution of new ideas
increasing the use of new accounting practices
supporting the teachings of the Catholic Church
motivating the analysis of Egyptian society
90
Which group was most responsible for spreading this cultural characteristic?
Islamic traders
Roman soldiers
Egyptian pharaohs
Sumerian bureaucrats
91
Which statement describes the origin of these terms?
They are taken from Greek mythology.
They are actions of Egyptian gods.
They are found in Babylonian legends.
They are events from Roman history.
92
This is a quotation from -
Pythagoras
Homer
Hippocrates
Pericles
93
Which belief is associated with Shintoism?
Reincarnation depends on karma.
People will experience an afterlife.
The gods interfere in human lives.
People must respect nature spirits.
94
This sequence of events was caused by the-
Bubonic Plague
fall of the Roman Empire
beginning of the Crusades
Hundred Years' War
95
During the Paleolithic Era, how did most early humans acquire food?
By following animal migrations
From domesticated animals
By planting crops
From nearby settlements
96
Which number on the map marks the location of this building?
1
2
4
3
97
Which type of government was used in the Persian Empire?
Religious oligarchy
Imperial bureaucracy
Republic
Democracy
98
Which characteristic describes the early Catholic Church?
Centered in Mecca
Conducted services in Greek
Established monasteries in Russia
Headed by the Pope
99
Which civilization most lnnuenced the architecture of this church?
Roman
Byzantine
Greek
Indian
100
Which phrase best completes this diagram?
Closure of Banks
Letters of Credit
Use of Arabic Numbers
Church Rules on Usury
101
The Vikings who invaded Europe in the Middle Ages were from —
Scandinavia
Russia
Poland
Turkey
102
Which factor had the greatest effect on the movements of early nomadic societies?
Survival needs
Religious beliefs
Tribal treaties
Mineral deposits
103
Constantine brought a significant change to the Roman Empire by —
banning monotheism
writing a constitution
moving the capital
abolishing slavery
104
What was the major change caused by the agricultural revolution?
Elimination of trade
Increase of spoken languages
End of hunting
Development of permanent settlements
105
Which empire Is associated with this river system?
Phoenician Empire
Chinese Empire
Babylonian Empire
Gupta Empire
106
Which statement best explains the migration of early humans?
Rise of civilizations displaced other people.
People searched for new sources of food.
Natural disasters forced people to leave native lands.
Religious conflicts made people leave disputed lands.
107
Buddhists achieve enlightenment by following the —
decrees of the Upanishads
Eightfold Path
Five Pillars
laws of the Old Testament
108
The lack of arable land in Greece contributed to an economic system based on -
agricultural production
manufactured goods
lumber and minerals
shipping and trade
109
One of the main accomplishments of Justinian was —
making Christianity the official religion ofthe Roman Empire
stoppingthe Islamic conquest of Western European territories
reconquering territory that had belonged to the Roman Empire
defeating an invading army of Ottoman Turks
110
The practice of Orthodox Christianity in Russia was primarily the result of contact with the —
Byzantine Empire
Mongol Empire
Islamic Empire
Persian Empire
