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plate tectonics, earthquakes and volcanoes Flashcards | StudBud
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plate tectonics, earthquakes and volcanoes
plate tectonics, earthquakes and volcanoes
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a review for ch 8 through ch 10 in prentice hall Earth Science
Flashcards
33 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
33
Answers
1
What causes thermal convection that drives plate motion?
differences in temperature and density
gravity
seafloor spreading
subduction
2
Structures that form from the cooling and hardening of magma beneath Earth's surface are:
vents
lahars
plutons
calderas
3
The continental crust is made largely of...
granite
limestone
basalt
gneiss
4
What kind of plate boundary occurs where 2 plates grind past each other with destroying.....
transform boundary
transitional boundary
divergent boundary
convergent boundary
5
As the temperature of the lava increases
it can flow a much shorter distance
its viscosity increases
its viscosity decreases
it begins to harden
6
Which of the following is NOT true of a batholith
It is the largest intrusive igneous body
It may be uplifted, then exposed by erosion
It may form the core of a mountain range
It is often a small part of a sill
7
What type of volcano is fairly symmetrical and has layers of lava and pyroclastic material
pyroclastic volcano
composite cone volcano
shield volcano
cinder cone
8
the particles produced in volcanic eruptions are called
laccoliths
pyroclastic materials
calderas
volcanic stocks
9
what evidence supports Wegener's hypothesis
land bridges still exist
major rivers on different continents match
same mammal species on different continents
fossils of the same organisms found on different continents
10
a tsunami can occur when there is vertical movement at a fault under....
a mountain range
the ocean floor
a small inland lake
the San Andres fault
11
What forms when one oceanic plate is forced beneath another plate?
a subduction zone
an ocean basin
a rift valley
Ocean ridges
12
Liquefaction occurs when
large waves wash over coastal areas
mud slides down hill and buries buildings
loose saturated soil turns liquid that can't support stuff
earthquakes occur in the ocean and damage ships
13
When a common type of basaltic lava hardens it forms aa, which has:
holes that ooze hot water
a rough, jagged surface
a smooth surface with wrinkles
a surface made of cinders
14
which of the following is similar to a batholith, but has less than 100 sq km exposed?
sill
stock
laccolith
dike
15
A seismogram shows that P waves travel.....
more slowly than s waves
faster than S waves
at the same speed as surface waves
at the same speed as S waves
16
What does Earth's crust and uppermost mantle form?
asthenosphere
hydrosphere
lithosphere
atmosphere
17
Which type of intrusive feature forms when magma cuts across rock layers
a laccolith
a sill
a lava plateau
a dike
18
What is an earthquake's epicenter
a spot halfway between the focus and the surface
any spot along the fault
the place on the surface directly above the focus
the spot below the focus
19
the average movement of the plates per year
5 inches / year
50 inches / year
5 cm / year
50 cm/ year
20
Most earthquakes are produced by the rapid release of which kind of energy???
thermal
mechanical
kinetic
elastic
21
Magma forms when solid rock in the crust and upper mantle
partially melts
vaportizes
cools
crystallizes
22
The broad, slightly domed shaped volcanoes of Hawaii are :
composite cone volcano
pyroclastic volcano
cinder cone volcano
shield volcano
23
According to the theory of plate tectonics....
asthenosphere is divided into plates
lithosphere is divided into plates
asthenosphere is strong and rigid
asthenosphere moves over lithosphere
24
what is a volcanic bomb?
a particle larger than 64 mm, ejected as glowing lava
a tiny particle of ejected rock smaller than 64 mm
a pocket of gas that is suddenly released
a very violent volcanic explosion
25
what is a caldera?
a large depression in a volcano
a fiery volcanic explosion
a type of volcano
a very large volcanic bomb
26
Earth's thin rocky outer layer is:
the crust
the mantle
the core
the outer core
27
Most intraplate volcanic activity occurs where....
oceanic and continental plates converge
mantle plumes rise toward the surface within a plate
oceanic plates diverge
hot magma descends into the mantle under a plate
28
Which of the following is NOT a factor in how violently a volcano erupts?
magma's composition
magma's concentration of dissolved gases
magma's temperature
magma's depth inside a volcano's vent
29
which does NOT belong to seafloor spreading?
the relationship of earthquakes and plate boundaries
distribution of ice sheets across the planet
analysis of seafloor sediments
alternating polarity in segments of the ocean floor
30
According to the whole mantle model of mantle convection....
small amts of material from the mantle moves upward
lg chunks of crust are pulled into the lower mantle
material from the core mantle boundary rises into the mantle
slabs of cold ocean crust moves down into the lower mantle
31
Wegener's hypothesis stated the all the continents joined together to form:
one major super continent
three major super continents
two super continents
two super continents and 3 small continents
32
The downward sliding characteristic of ridge push is the result of:
paleomagnetism
seafloor spreading
uneven heat distribution
gravity
33
What is a fault
the place on Earth's surface where structures move.
another name for an earthquake
a fracture in Earth where movement has occured
a place on Earth where earthquakes cannot occur
