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Chemistry Fall Semester Final Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Chemistry Fall Semester Final Review
Chemistry Fall Semester Final Review
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1
Which scientist disagreed with the idea that atoms existed?
Democritus
Rutherford
Dalton
Aristotle
2
Who came up with the model of an atom pictured?
Ernest Rutherford
James Chadwick
Niels Bohr
J.J. Thompson
3
Which of the following is an example of chemical change?
Taking a glass of water and freezing it by placing it in the freezer.
Filling up a balloon with hot air.
A plant collecting sunlight and turning it into food.
Your dog ripping up your homework.
4
The variables that stay the same in an experiment are the _______________
Independent
Dependent
Control
5
The state of matter in which the atoms are locked and vibrate in place.
Gas
Liquid
Solid
6
If an atom gains two electrons what charge will it have?
-2
+1
-1
+2
7
He developed the planetary model of the atom.
Chadwick
Dalton
Rutherford
Bohr
8
This bullseye demonstrates...
Low Accuracy & Low Precision
High Accuracy & High Precision
High Accuracy & low precision
Low Accuracy & High Precision
9
Where electrons are likely to be found as they travel around the nucleus
Electron Cloud
Nucleus
Within a Neutron
Within a Proton
10
How many electrons does chlorine (Cl) need to gain in order to have a full outer shell?
0
8
7
1
11
If the chemical properties of a substance remain unchanged and the appearance or shape of an substance changes it is a
Chemical change
Neither a physical or chemical change
Physical change
Both a physical and chemical change
12
Atoms are made up of three basic parts, which are -
quarks, protons, electrons
Protons, neutrons, electrons
neutrinos, protons, neutrons
electrons, neutrons, and quarks
13
When dripping water turns into icicles.
Evaporation
Melting
Freezing
Condensation
14
Rutherford's gold foil experiment provided evidence that...
alpha particles have a positive charge.
gold is not a dense as previously thought.
there is a dense positively charged nucleus at the center of an atom.
negative and positive charges are spread evenly throughout the atom.
15
He claimed that matter was made of small, hard particles that he called “atomos.”
Democritus
Moseley
Dalton
Einstein
16
Each column in the periodic table is called a
cluster
group
unit
period
17
The force that hold two atoms together is called a ______.
Reaction
Chemical Bond
Chemical Change
Physical Change
18
The atoms along the staircase are called
metals
metalloids
noble gases
nonmetals
19
Which scientist first developed 4 rules for atomic theory, and helped kick start modern chemistry?
Democritus
Dalton
Thomson
Rutherford
20
Scientists usually design experiments
in order to develop new laboratory tools.
with a good idea of the expected experimental results.
based on wild guesses.
All of the above
21
What element is pictured?
Boron
Beryllium
Arsenic
Hydrogen
22
Two elements that have similar physical and chemical properties are most likely in the same...
group
row
period
23
The word theory used in a scientific sense means
a guess made with very little knowledge to support it.
that of which the scientist is most certain.
None of the above
an absolute scientific certainty.
24
In which step of the Scientific Method would you use graphs?
make a hypothesis
asking questions
communicate results
analyze data
25
Is this a covalent bond or an ionic bond?
Covalent
Ionic
26
The number of _____ is most important in determining how an atoms will bond.
Neutrons
Electrons in the innermost shell
Protons
Valence Electrons
27
The chart scientists use to organize and classify all the known elements
Period table
the chart
elements chart
Periodic Table of the Elements
28
Covalent bonds form between what types of elements?
Metal to Nonmetal
Nonmetal to Nonmetal
29
Which change creates a NEW substance?
Physical Change
Chemical Change
30
What characteristic best describes what happen during a physical change?
Composition changes
Composition stays the same
Mass is lost
Form stays the same
31
How close a measurement is to the accepted value is called..
Significant
Precision
Estimate
Accuracy
32
When Calcium forms a bond, what will occur?
Calcium will give away two valence electrons to form an ionic bond
Calcium with give away two valence electrons to form a covalent bond.
Calcium will share two valence electrons to form an covalent bond
Calcium will share two valence electrons to form an ionic bond.
33
An atom's overall charge is ________.
neutral
negative
depends
positive
34
A charged Particle is called an
Molecule
Compound
Ion
isotope
35
James Chadwick discovered the ________.
neutron
electron
proton
nucleus
36
What is the name for an ion with a positive charge?
anion
cation
onion
union
37
Molecules in a solid move
Slow
Fast
Medium
38
What scientist is best known for his "Plum Pudding" model of the atom?
John Dalton
Democritus
J.J. Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
39
If an atom loses two electrons what charge will it have?
-2
+2
+1
-1
40
The atomic number for Oxygen is 8, so
the atomic mass is less than 8
the atom is decaying
there are 8 protons in the atom
the mass of the atom is 8
41
Which of the below elements will most likely form an Covalent Bond?
Al and Mg
H and O
K and Na
K and Cl
42
A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally is:
polyatomic
a double bond
polar
ionic
43
If an atom has 7 protons and 7 electrons what charge will it have?
+2
-2
-1
0
44
Particles in this state of matter are moving the fastest.
Solid
Liquid
Gas
45
What is the name for an ion with a negative charge?
Cation
Onion
Union
Anion
46
What is the amu of an electron
1
2
Almost zero
3
47
The molecules in a gas....
vibrate, move freely, and spread
are tightly packed
are in a regular pattern
slide past one another in a flowing manner
48
Elements which are shiny, conduct electricity and heat are called
metalloid
metal
nonmetal
all of the above
49
What is the amu of a neutron?
2
almost zero
3
1
50
Subatomic particles with a negative charge
Electrons
Quarks
Protons
Neutrons
51
The atomic number tells you what?
number of neutrons
number of electrons
number of protons
both electrons and protons in an atom.
52
Which change can be easily be reversed?
Chemical Change
Neither a physical or chemical change
Physical Change
Both a physical and chemical change
53
How did each model of the atom help to develop the atomic theory?
Each model showed different properties of the same structure.
Each model provided opinions that were added.
Each model showed new particles that had been discovered.
the model built upon the other to show properties of previous discoveries
54
Which group of the periodic table is composed of inert (not reactive) gases?
alkaline earth metals
halogens
noble gases
alkali metals
55
You are throwing darts at a dartboard. Pick TWO statements that accurately describe your attempts to hit the target.
Precise
Accurate
BOTH Accurate and Precise
NOT Accurate
56
Which is an example of chemical change?
Wood is cut
Wire is bent
Water freezes
Bread is baked
57
What type of bond is this?
Covalent
Ionic
58
The variable that is measured in an experiment is the ____ variable.
Experimental
Independent
Dependent
Control
59
A hypothesis is a
concluding statement.
testable possible explanation of an observation.
definite answer to a given problem.
proven statement.
60
This contains most of the mass of an atom
Electron Cloud
Electron
Isotope
Nucleus
61
Mendeleev first ordered the periodic table of elements by increasing
atomic mass
atomic weight
atomic number
atomic symbol
62
Neon has an atomic number of 10 and an atomic mass of 20.180. How many protons, electrons, and neutrons will it have?
P=5 E=5 N=10
P=10 E=10 N=11
P=10 E=10 N=10
P=10 E=5 N=5
63
When a new substance is formed with different properties than the original substance it is called a
Boiling
Chemical change
Physical change
Freezing
64
The ________ is the variable that you change in an experiment.
Independent
Dependent
65
A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table.
period
column
group
66
A student is unsure about the instructions for part of the lab. The best thing to do is
watch the person at the next lab station and follow their example
ask the teacher
try different methods until something works
skip it and go on to the next part
67
Subatomic particles that are neutral in charge
Protons
Nucleus
Electrons
Neutrons
68
A tiny but very dense, positively charged portion of the atom that holds most of the atomic mass
Orbitals
Electron Cloud
Nucleus
Electron Shells
69
A water molecule (H2O) is an example of a covalent bond because ____.
They do not form a neutral group of atoms.
Hydrogen and oxygen are both negative ions.
The hydrogen gains an electron an the oxygen loses one.
Electrons are shared between the hydrogen and oxygen
