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8th Grade NGSSS Florida Study Guide Flashcards | StudBud
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8th Grade NGSSS Florida Study Guide
8th Grade NGSSS Florida Study Guide
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1
What would most likely happen if the temperature is increased inside the container with a chemical reaction?
The two substances would not change into different compounds.
The two substances would release nuclear energy.
The rate of the reaction would increase.
The mass of each of the atoms would increase.
2
Why do cells undergo processes that control cellular wastes?
Plant cells eliminate wastes to regulate the rate of cell reproduction.
All cells must release cellular wastes to maintain cell size.
Animal cells extract energy from wastes to perform cellular functions.
All cells must release cellular wastes to maintain homeostasis.
3
Which type of evidence from the rock layers best supports the claim that Earth has changed over geologic time. ?
Some layers contain fossils of plants, and other layers have fossil shells
Rock that are thick and smooth are deeper than layers that are thin
Layers that are composed of sand and silt are found in different locations
Some rock layers are solid, and other rock layers have holes.
4
Atoms are made up of subatomic particles, including neutrons. Which of the following describes a neutron?
has a greater volume than the electron cloud
has more mass than the nucleus
has no charge
has no mass
5
Which statement best explains what happened to the wax as it came in contact with the cold water in the beaker?
The wax remained in the liquid phase as it decreased in temperature.
The wax changed from a liquid to a solid as it gave off heat
The wax changed from a liquid to a solid as it increased in temperature.
The wax remained in the liquid phase as it absorbed heat.
6
Which limiting factor in an ecosystem would have the greatest impact on the alligator populations in Florida?
reduction of shelter and nesting sites
competition among male alligators for a mate
increase in the rate of water flowing in a river
diseases that affect a certain frog species
7
Which of the following
best
explains what happens to the bicycle’s kinetic energy when it uses the brakes?
It is transformed to heat because the tires are slowed by friction.
It increases because the tires make a screeching noise.
It remains the same because Mandy is the source of energy.
It is destroyed because Mandy stops the bicycle quickly.
8
An astronomer observes a sunspot. Which of the following describes this feature of the Sun?
a location that produces most of the Sun’s heat energy
a location that is cooler than other parts of the Sun’s surface
a location where energy and matter leave the Sun’s atmosphere
a location where heat rises to the Sun’s surface
9
Which description from Wanda’s list best represents radiation?
1
4
3
2
10
Which of the following would confirm that a yeast had reproduced asexually?
offspring with half the genetic information from each of two parents
offspring with the same genetic information as each of its two parents
offspring with its own unique genetic information
offspring with the same genetic information as the parent
11
Which of the following resulted in an important change in scientific knowledge?
the prediction of when a comet would be most clearly visible from Earth
the observation of phase changes of the Moon
the development of a hypothesis describing possible life on Mars
the discovery of the function of the DNA molecule
12
Which test would provide evidence of a chemical change?
3
2
1
4
13
What is the chance 2 heterozygous parents will have offspring with homozygous alleles?
50%
75%
25%
100%
14
Which statement best describes why activity 1 is an experiment and activity 2 is an investigation?
Activity 1 requires more trials than activity 2 does.
Activity 1 takes more time to set up than activity 2 does.
Only activity 1 has a control and variables.
Only activity 1 requires the adding of fertilizer.
15
Which of the following is a scientific theory that is best supported by this evidence?
evolution
plate tectonics
superposition
universal gravitation
16
Janice is learning about compounds. Which of the following best describes a compound?
a substance made up purely of one element
a group of substances that are either acids or bases
a substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined
a group of substances that can be separated by a physical change
17
Thread-like structures contain a set of instructions in the form of DNA. What are these threadlike structures of DNA?
cytoplasm
chromosomes
chloroplast
mitochondria
18
Which of the following would best provide support for a scientific hypothesis?
new evidence and personal opinions
opinions and personal beliefs
new evidence and additional observations
additional observations and informed predictions
19
What is the chance 2 heterozygous parents will have offspring with recessive phenotypes?
100%
25%
50%
75%
20
Which of the following best describes what is occurring in part X of the diagram?
Blood pressure stays high as the circulatory system shuts down body systems
Pressure is regulated as the circulatory system shuts down body systems
Respiration stays high as body systems work with the circulatory system.
Homeostasis is maintaned when body systems work with the circulatory system
21
Scientific theories are developed over time in science. Which statement best describes scientific theories?
They are based on scientific laws that came first.
They are pieces of scientific evidence that support a hypothesis.
They are predictions of events that usually remain constant
Explanations of observed events that update with continuous research.
22
Which process in the rock cycle does this diagram best represent?
erosion of sedimentary rocks
compaction of melted rock
formation of igneous rock
chemical weathering of rocks
23
Which of the following describes the relationship between galaxies and other astronomical bodies?
galaxy is the largest star and is found in the universe
a galaxy is one of billions of galaxies and contains billions of stars.
a galaxy includes a universe that is composed of millions of stars.
a galaxy is surrounded by thousands of stars in the universe.
24
What would best help distinguish these organisms as a part of the animal kingdom rather than the plant or fungi kingdom
3
1
4
2
25
Scientists who investigate micro fossils are micropaleontologists. What would they most likely study?
the evidence of changes in the climate of ancient Earth
the rocks that identify the location of ancient continents
the different elevations of the surface of ancient Earth
the rocks that contain evidence of ancient organisms
26
Which of the following would contribute to the extinction of the North Atlantic right whales?
New technologies prevent right whales from being caught in fishing gear.
The environment changes faster than right whale populations can adapt.
Humans develop breeding programs for right whales in aquariums.
Species that compete with right whales move to new habitats.
27
A motorcycle and school bus are both traveling 35 mph. Which statement describes the kinetic energy of the 2 vehicles?
The motorcycle has more mass traveling 35 mph so it has more kinetic energy
The truck has more mass traveling 35 mph so it has more kinetic energy
The motorcycle can go faster than the bus so it has more kinetic energy
They are both traveling 35 mph so they have equal kinetic energy.
28
Which level of organization describes each of these three structures?
organism
organ
cell
tissue
29
Which of the following causes the separation of the white light?
The white light is refracted.
The white light is absorbed.
The white light is concentrated.
The white light is reflected.
30
Which of the following types of radiation has the longest wavelength?
Infrared
Gamma rays
Ultraviolet
X-rays
31
Which of the following describes how the atmosphere best protects living organisms?
changing oxygen into nitrogen, which can be used as a nutrient for animals
providing enough carbon dioxide in the ocean to support sea animals
by trapping heat, keeping temperatures within a moderate range
refracting visible light, allowing animals to see and capture their prey
32
Which statement best compares the solubility of these substances?
Both substances have the same solubility from 20°C through 40°C.
Both substances are equally soluble at 30°C.
KCl is more soluble at 20°C than NaCl is.
KCl will become less soluble at temperatures greater than 40°C.
33
Which of the following best contrasts the functions of the cell parts labeled X and Y?
X controls what enters or exits the cell, Y provides protection and support
X provides energy, Y helps with photosynthesis in the presence of light
X holds the structures in place, Y keeps all molecules from leaving
X stores water for future use, whereas Y releases water out of the cell.
34
Which of the following processes is represented by these hypotheses?
layer separation in Earth’s inner core
conduction current movement in Earth’s mantle
rock formation in Earth’s lithosphere
convection current movement in Earth’s mantle
35
A space probe lands on a planet that has half gravity as Earth. What happens to the space probe’s weight and mass?
Both its weight and mass are half of what they are on Earth.
Its weight stays the same, and its mass is half its mass as on Earth.
Both its weight and mass remain the same as on Earth.
Its weight is half, and its mass remains the same as on Earth.
36
Why does Saturn take longer to complete one orbit around the Sun than Earth does?
Saturn has a thicker atmosphere.
Saturn is the only planet with rings.
Saturn has stronger gravity.
Saturn is farther from the Sun.
