The major disadvantage of using opioids during general anesthesia is ________

prolonged respiratory depression

Nonopioid analgesic action is related to their ability to:

inhibit prostaglandin synthesis

What federal law mandates couseling Medicaid patients to take medication correctly ?

Omnibus Budget reconcilliation Act

Which combination of topical amides is used for injection-free local anesthesia?

lidocaine and prilocaine (Oraqix)

Its best to ask patients specifically whether they take herbal or dietary supplements because :

some of these agents will affect dental treatment

Which receptors in the brain are affected by opiates to produce analgesia?

μ (mu) and δ (delta) and ĸ (kappa)

Which is true of ester anesthetics :

only used topically to avoid allergic reaction risk

Which statement is true regarding pregnancy and administration of local anesthetics?

lidocaine may be safely administered to a pregnant woman

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DH 205 Pharm CH 1-6 9,10 23,24

100 termsStudBud Administration86 plays

DH 205 Pharm: Ch 1-3, 23,24: PHARM CH 24 : supplement and herbal medicine: Ten questions about natural and herbal supplements and their pharmaceutical effects PHARMACOLOGY Chapter 1, 2: General Principles, Drug Action and handling pharm

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
Which substance is added to aspirin to facilitate dispersion, dissolving, and absorption?
magnesium
acetic acid
buffer
salicylic acid
2
The major disadvantage of using opioids during general anesthesia is ________
reversal of anesthetic depression
altered cardiovascular function
increased peripheral resistance
prolonged respiratory depression
3
What adverse reactions are associated with Nitrous Oxide?
stuffy nose or COPD
pregnancy
unconsciousness beginning with excitement
nausea and vomitting
4
Which phase of anesthesia is sufficient to allow surgical procedures?
induction
terminal
maintenance
recovery
5
Which is the most common form of drug biotransformation?
inactive to active
inactive to inactive
active to inactive
active to active
6
Regulating herbal supplements to contain the same amount of active ingredient as labelled is called :
equivalence control
standardization
quality control
regulation
7
Which "old" drug is now used to reduce alcohol craving ?
disulfram (Antabuse)
meperidine (Demerol)
naltrexone (ReVia)
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
8
Which agent inhibits the synthesis of uric acid to minimize symptoms of gout?
colchicine
allopurinol (Zyloprim)
probenecid (Benemid)
NSAIDs
9
Which is administered by inhalation ?
thiopental sodium
etodmidate
ketamine
nitrous oxide
10
Which herbal based product reduces plaque and gingivitis ?
menthol
triclosan
eucalyptol
essential oils
11
Nonopioid analgesic action is related to their ability to:
stimulate peripheral nerve endings
act primarily within the CNS
respond to pain by depressing the CNS
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis
12
Which term describes a quick change in the patient's state of consciousness using general anesthesia?
induction
analgesia
excitement
seduction
13
What is the maximum intensity of response that a drug can produce?
potency
efficacy
lethal dose
intensity
14
Which OTC analgesic can cause Reye's Syndrome in young children?
naproxen
acetaminophen
allopurinol
aspirin
15
Which substance is added to aspirin to facilitate dispersion, dissolving, and absorption?
buffer
magnesium
salicylic acid
acetic acid
16
Which frequently abused substances cause the majority of oral cancers ?
nitrous oxide and opioid analgesics
alcohol and tobacco
prescription agents and caffeine
marijuana and "Roofies"
17
What federal law mandates couseling Medicaid patients to take medication correctly ?
Harrison Narcotic Act
Omnibus Budget reconcilliation Act
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Drug Price Competition and Patent Restoration Act
18
Acetaminophen toxicity increases with chronic, large doses of :
lithium
antihypertensives
alcohol
tobacco products
19
What term best describes Nitrous Oxide anesthesia?
local
systemic
unconscious sedation
conscious sedation
20
Another name for herbal medicine is :
Western medicine
natural medicine
homeopathic medicine
botanical medicine
21
Which US agency tests herbal supplements for quality and issues a seal of approval ?
American Dental Association
German Federal Health Agency
Food and Drug Administration
U.S. Pharmacopeia
22
ACETAMINOPHEN + CODEINE is classified in which FDA pregnancy category ?
B
X
C
A
23
Which herbal supplement used to treat mild depression causes xerostomia ?
St. John's wort
ginkgo
ephedra
feverfew
24
Which opioid has the greatest strength, is most potent?
morphine
codeine
oxycodone
hydrocodone
25
Which OTC pain reliever interferes with Gout medication probenecid (Benemid) in gout patients :
aspirin
naproxen
acetaminophen
ibuprofen
26
Which OTC pain reliever interferes with Gout medication probenecid (Benemid) in gout patients :
naproxen
aspirin
ibuprofen
acetaminophen
27
Which opioid has the greatest strength, is most potent?
morphine
oxycodone
hydrocodone
codeine
28
Which opioid antagonist treats opiate overdose?
butorphanol (Stadol)
buprenorphine (Buprenex)
tramadol (Ultram)
naloxone (Narcan)
29
What are absolute contraindications to Nitrous Oxide use?
renal (kidney) disease
liver malfunction
GERD and ACID REFLUX
COPD and RESPIRATORY diseases
30
Which is contraindicated if a patient is suicidal ?
tapentadol (Nucynta)
naltrexone (ReVia)
buprenorphine (Buprenex)
tramadol (Ultram)
31
Which of the following is the purpose of using balanced general anesthesia?
to produce an irreversible loss of consciousness
to minimize adverse reactions
standardized anesthesia procedures
to maximize sensibility to painful stimuli
32
The potential for substance abuse increases with which of the following:
low potency
quick onset of action
relatively expensive
challenging to distribute
33
Which combination of topical amides is used for injection-free local anesthesia?
lidocaine and prilocaine (Oraqix)
xylocaine and lidocaine
dyclonine and bupivicaine
benzocaine and epinephrine
34
Its best to ask patients specifically whether they take herbal or dietary supplements because :
patients forget to report them
some of these agents will affect dental treatment
patients do not consider them to be medication
there is lack of product standardization
35
Removing the drug from a drug-dependent person results in :
dependence
habituation
tolerance
withdrawal syndrome
36
Opioids should not be used in which condition?
severe pain
head injuries
hyperthyroidism
constipation
37
Which agent inhibits the synthesis of uric acid to minimize symptoms of gout?
colchicine
allopurinol (Zyloprim)
NSAIDs
probenecid (Benemid)
38
Which metabolites are retained in the tubular fluid and eliminated in the urine?
I don't know
No effect
most lipid soluble
most water soluble
39
Which receptors in the brain are affected by opiates to produce analgesia?
μ (mu) and δ (delta) and ĸ (kappa)
ợ (sigma) and ε (epsilon)
only κ (kappa)
only μ (mu)
40
What is the maximum cardiac dose of (injected) lidocaine with epi 1:100,000 ?
contraindicated 0
4 cartridges (max 4.4)
11 cartridges (max 11.1)
2 cartridges (max 2.2)
41
Two formulations of a drug that produce similar concentrations of the drug in blood and tissues
chemicallyequivalent
biologically equivalent
therapeutically equivalent
physically equivalent
42
Which drug form is most readily absorbed?
tablet
liquid
gel-cap
capsule
43
Which is true of ester anesthetics :
only used topically to avoid allergic reaction risk
preferred in cardiac patients
contraindicated during pregnancy
available for injection only
44
ACETAMINOPHEN + CODEINE is classified in which FDA pregnancy category ?
A
X
B
C
45
The patented trade drug name is protected for how many years ?
15
20
5
10
46
Aspirin poisoning deaths are caused by acidosis and :
angioneurotic edema
electrolyte imbalance
hyperventilation
urticaria
47
Which statement is true regarding pregnancy and administration of local anesthetics?
Articaine and nitrous oxide are preferred
vasoconstrictor use is contraindicated while nursing
lidocaine may be safely administered to a pregnant woman
local anesthetics are contraindicated during prgnancy
48
which is the most common and popular route of drug administration?
inhalation
oral
transdermal
topical
49
Which occurs when an active metabolite is formed?
accelerated onset of action
delayed onset of action
neutralization of action
prolonged action
50
Which opioid antagonist treats opiate overdose?
butorphanol (Stadol)
tramadol (Ultram)
buprenorphine (Buprenex)
naloxone (Narcan)
51
Which federal legislation prohibits the refilling of a prescription without authorization?
Food and Drug Act of 1906
Food and Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938
Kefauver-Harris Bill of 1962 (Drug Amendments Act)
Durham-Humphrey Law 1952
52
Which anesthetics are used most often in dental practice?
systemic
topical and local
inhalant
intravenous
53
Which is contraindicated for a patient with aspirin allergy?
Percocet
Percodan
Vicodin
Tylenol 3
54
Properties of an ideal local anesthetic include ____?_____
irreversible
stability in solution
longest duration
slow onset
55
Which is contraindicated for a patient with aspirin allergy?
Tylenol 3
Vicodin
Percocet
Percodan
56
Which previously prohibited supplement is associated with cardiovascular events ?
feverfew
ephedra
ginkgo
St. John's wort
57
How does an overdose of opiates cause death ?
respiratory depression
cardiac failure
traumatic brain injury
CNS depression
58
Guedel's four stages of general anesthesia are ANALGESIA, DELIRIUM, SURGICAL ANESTHESIA , and _____ ?
RECOVERY
RESPIRATORY PARALYSIS
MAINTENANCE
INDUCTION
59
Which expert panel has compiled much of the info about herbal products and supplements ?
German Federal Health Agency
American Dental Association
National Institute of Health
Food and Drug Administration
60
Which color is the nitrous oxide tank in the USA?
red
green
blue
silver
61
Which best describes the distribution of opioids?
conjugation with glucuronic acid in the liver
first-pass metabolism in the liver
second pass metabolism in the intestinal wall
glomerular filtration with urine excretion
62
Pharmacology is the study of:
the use of medications to treat disease
drugs and their interaction with living systems
the practice of compounding, preparing and dispensing meds
the study of the harmful effecs of drugs on living tissues
63
Which best describes the distribution of opioids?
first-pass metabolism in the liver
glomerular filtration with urine excretion
second pass metabolism in the intestinal wall
conjugation with glucuronic acid in the liver
64
During which phase of clinical studies is drug dosage determined?
Phase I
Phase III
Phase II
Phase IV
65
Nonopioid analgesic action is related to their ability to:
stimulate peripheral nerve endings
respond to pain by depressing the CNS
act primarily within the CNS
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis
66
Which herbal sweetener inhibits Strep Mutans ?
acemannan hydrogel
triclosan
xylitol
menthol
67
According to the Dietary Supplement Health and Education (DSHEA), the FDA is responsible for:
standardizing formulas of active/inactive ingredients
ensuring label accuracy and thoroughness
proving the product is unsafe
proving that products are safe and effective
68
The name given to a drug before it is trademarked is called the
brand name, capitalized
generic name, not capitalized
James Bond
Secret Name
69
Which is contraindicated if a patient is suicidal ?
buprenorphine (Buprenex)
naltrexone (ReVia)
tapentadol (Nucynta)
tramadol (Ultram)
70
Which NSAID is the safest choice for a woman who nurses/breastfeeds ?
naproxen
diflusinal
ibuprofen
acetaminophen
71
Which agent is a central nervous system stimulant ?
alcohol
cocaine
opioid agents
nitrous oxide
72
Why is the incidence of Hepatitis B, HIV, and STDs higher in opioid abusers ?
shared needles
compromised immune system
high quality agents sold on the streets
the body's reaction to opioids
73
Which opioid is used in addiction recovery ?
hydrocodone (Vicodin)
morphine
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
methadone (Dolophine)
74
Which anaphylactoid reaction can happen when using NSAIDs?
angioneurotic edema
bronchospasm
chills and fever
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
75
Which receptors in the brain are affected by opiates to produce analgesia?
ợ (sigma) and ε (epsilon)
only κ (kappa)
μ (mu) and δ (delta) and ĸ (kappa)
only μ (mu)
76
The amount of drug required to produce an effect is called the drug's:
efficacy
capacity
potency
lethal dose
77
Which anaphylactoid reaction can happen when using NSAIDs?
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
bronchospasm
chills and fever
angioneurotic edema
78
What component of pain differs between people for psychological reasons?
perception
threshold
sensation
reaction
79
Which over the counter agent is used in the manufacturing of methamphetamine ?
ephedrine
bath salts
aspirin
alcohol
80
Which is a current requirement for prescribing Schedule II drugs?
refilled by phone
refilled 5 times in 6 months
signed by prescriber
telephoned to the pharmacy
81
Which action causes undesired extremely high blood levels of local anesthetic ?
presence of inflammation
inadvertent IV injection rather than intradermal
patient's obesity
slow rate of injection
82
Which action is used to reduce tolerance to a specific drug?
suggest psychological alternative
gradually increase dosage
switch to another drug with similar pharmaceutical actions
cease administration
83
Which agent added to local anesthetic will reduce absorption into the bloodstream?
preservative
antioxidant
vasoconstrictor
sodium chloride
84
Which federal agency sets the standards for quality control in drug manufacturing plants?
Food ad Drug Administration
Drug Enforcement Agency
Federal Trade Commission
State Board of Pharmacy
85
The need to increase the dose of a drug to produce the same effect it used to cause is :
habituation
tolerance
withdrawal
misuse
86
How long does the anesthetic effect of (injected) lidocaine last on soft tissue?
2 - 3 hours
3-5 hours
30 minutes
60 minutes
87
How does an overdose of opiates cause death ?
cardiac failure
traumatic brain injury
CNS depression
respiratory depression
88
Aspirin poisoning deaths are caused by acidosis and :
angioneurotic edema
urticaria
electrolyte imbalance
hyperventilation
89
Acetaminophen toxicity increases with chronic, large doses of :
lithium
tobacco products
alcohol
antihypertensives
90
Which opioid is used in addiction recovery ?
methadone (Dolophine)
morphine
hydrocodone (Vicodin)
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
91
Which OTC analgesic can cause Reye's Syndrome in young children?
acetaminophen
allopurinol
aspirin
naproxen
92
Which is a reason that patients fail to adhere to a prescribed drug regimen?
motivation
inadequate patient education
communication
understanding
93
Which NSAID is the safest choice for a woman who nurses/breastfeeds ?
acetaminophen
ibuprofen
diflusinal
naproxen
94
Toxicity from local anesthetic can cause:
alcoholism
CNS and cardiac emergencies
diarrhea
diabetes
95
What occurs when interference disrupts the inactive to active metabolism ?
delayed onset of action
neutralization of action
accelerated onset of action
prolonged action
96
What component of pain differs between people for psychological reasons?
reaction
perception
threshold
sensation
97
Which is appropriate for off-label drug use
FDA endorses use
published in package insert
drug manufacturers promote off-label use
meets current standard of care
98
Opioids should not be used in which condition?
severe pain
hyperthyroidism
constipation
head injuries
99
Which psychedelic agent was orginally developed as an animal tranquilizer ?
PCP
LSD
synthetic marijuana
heroin
100
Which best explains why alcoholics tend to have dental bleeding problems ?
The liver is less able to store vitamin K.
The drying effect of alcohol exacerbates oral conditions.
Periodontal disease related to poor oral hygiene is rampant.
Candida infection occurs frequently and prominently.

DH 205 Pharm CH 1-6 9,10 23,24 Flashcards | StudBud

DH 205 Pharm CH 1-6 9,10 23,24

100 termsStudBud Administration86 plays

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
Which substance is added to aspirin to facilitate dispersion, dissolving, and absorption?
magnesium
acetic acid
buffer
salicylic acid
2
The major disadvantage of using opioids during general anesthesia is ________
reversal of anesthetic depression
altered cardiovascular function
increased peripheral resistance
prolonged respiratory depression
3
What adverse reactions are associated with Nitrous Oxide?
stuffy nose or COPD
pregnancy
unconsciousness beginning with excitement
nausea and vomitting
4
Which phase of anesthesia is sufficient to allow surgical procedures?
induction
terminal
maintenance
recovery
5
Which is the most common form of drug biotransformation?
inactive to active
inactive to inactive
active to inactive
active to active
6
Regulating herbal supplements to contain the same amount of active ingredient as labelled is called :
equivalence control
standardization
quality control
regulation
7
Which "old" drug is now used to reduce alcohol craving ?
disulfram (Antabuse)
meperidine (Demerol)
naltrexone (ReVia)
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
8
Which agent inhibits the synthesis of uric acid to minimize symptoms of gout?
colchicine
allopurinol (Zyloprim)
probenecid (Benemid)
NSAIDs
9
Which is administered by inhalation ?
thiopental sodium
etodmidate
ketamine
nitrous oxide
10
Which herbal based product reduces plaque and gingivitis ?
menthol
triclosan
eucalyptol
essential oils
11
Nonopioid analgesic action is related to their ability to:
stimulate peripheral nerve endings
act primarily within the CNS
respond to pain by depressing the CNS
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis
12
Which term describes a quick change in the patient's state of consciousness using general anesthesia?
induction
analgesia
excitement
seduction
13
What is the maximum intensity of response that a drug can produce?
potency
efficacy
lethal dose
intensity
14
Which OTC analgesic can cause Reye's Syndrome in young children?
naproxen
acetaminophen
allopurinol
aspirin
15
Which substance is added to aspirin to facilitate dispersion, dissolving, and absorption?
buffer
magnesium
salicylic acid
acetic acid
16
Which frequently abused substances cause the majority of oral cancers ?
nitrous oxide and opioid analgesics
alcohol and tobacco
prescription agents and caffeine
marijuana and "Roofies"
17
What federal law mandates couseling Medicaid patients to take medication correctly ?
Harrison Narcotic Act
Omnibus Budget reconcilliation Act
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Drug Price Competition and Patent Restoration Act
18
Acetaminophen toxicity increases with chronic, large doses of :
lithium
antihypertensives
alcohol
tobacco products
19
What term best describes Nitrous Oxide anesthesia?
local
systemic
unconscious sedation
conscious sedation
20
Another name for herbal medicine is :
Western medicine
natural medicine
homeopathic medicine
botanical medicine
21
Which US agency tests herbal supplements for quality and issues a seal of approval ?
American Dental Association
German Federal Health Agency
Food and Drug Administration
U.S. Pharmacopeia
22
ACETAMINOPHEN + CODEINE is classified in which FDA pregnancy category ?
B
X
C
A
23
Which herbal supplement used to treat mild depression causes xerostomia ?
St. John's wort
ginkgo
ephedra
feverfew
24
Which opioid has the greatest strength, is most potent?
morphine
codeine
oxycodone
hydrocodone
25
Which OTC pain reliever interferes with Gout medication probenecid (Benemid) in gout patients :
aspirin
naproxen
acetaminophen
ibuprofen
26
Which OTC pain reliever interferes with Gout medication probenecid (Benemid) in gout patients :
naproxen
aspirin
ibuprofen
acetaminophen
27
Which opioid has the greatest strength, is most potent?
morphine
oxycodone
hydrocodone
codeine
28
Which opioid antagonist treats opiate overdose?
butorphanol (Stadol)
buprenorphine (Buprenex)
tramadol (Ultram)
naloxone (Narcan)
29
What are absolute contraindications to Nitrous Oxide use?
renal (kidney) disease
liver malfunction
GERD and ACID REFLUX
COPD and RESPIRATORY diseases
30
Which is contraindicated if a patient is suicidal ?
tapentadol (Nucynta)
naltrexone (ReVia)
buprenorphine (Buprenex)
tramadol (Ultram)
31
Which of the following is the purpose of using balanced general anesthesia?
to produce an irreversible loss of consciousness
to minimize adverse reactions
standardized anesthesia procedures
to maximize sensibility to painful stimuli
32
The potential for substance abuse increases with which of the following:
low potency
quick onset of action
relatively expensive
challenging to distribute
33
Which combination of topical amides is used for injection-free local anesthesia?
lidocaine and prilocaine (Oraqix)
xylocaine and lidocaine
dyclonine and bupivicaine
benzocaine and epinephrine
34
Its best to ask patients specifically whether they take herbal or dietary supplements because :
patients forget to report them
some of these agents will affect dental treatment
patients do not consider them to be medication
there is lack of product standardization
35
Removing the drug from a drug-dependent person results in :
dependence
habituation
tolerance
withdrawal syndrome
36
Opioids should not be used in which condition?
severe pain
head injuries
hyperthyroidism
constipation
37
Which agent inhibits the synthesis of uric acid to minimize symptoms of gout?
colchicine
allopurinol (Zyloprim)
NSAIDs
probenecid (Benemid)
38
Which metabolites are retained in the tubular fluid and eliminated in the urine?
I don't know
No effect
most lipid soluble
most water soluble
39
Which receptors in the brain are affected by opiates to produce analgesia?
μ (mu) and δ (delta) and ĸ (kappa)
ợ (sigma) and ε (epsilon)
only κ (kappa)
only μ (mu)
40
What is the maximum cardiac dose of (injected) lidocaine with epi 1:100,000 ?
contraindicated 0
4 cartridges (max 4.4)
11 cartridges (max 11.1)
2 cartridges (max 2.2)
41
Two formulations of a drug that produce similar concentrations of the drug in blood and tissues
chemicallyequivalent
biologically equivalent
therapeutically equivalent
physically equivalent
42
Which drug form is most readily absorbed?
tablet
liquid
gel-cap
capsule
43
Which is true of ester anesthetics :
only used topically to avoid allergic reaction risk
preferred in cardiac patients
contraindicated during pregnancy
available for injection only
44
ACETAMINOPHEN + CODEINE is classified in which FDA pregnancy category ?
A
X
B
C
45
The patented trade drug name is protected for how many years ?
15
20
5
10
46
Aspirin poisoning deaths are caused by acidosis and :
angioneurotic edema
electrolyte imbalance
hyperventilation
urticaria
47
Which statement is true regarding pregnancy and administration of local anesthetics?
Articaine and nitrous oxide are preferred
vasoconstrictor use is contraindicated while nursing
lidocaine may be safely administered to a pregnant woman
local anesthetics are contraindicated during prgnancy
48
which is the most common and popular route of drug administration?
inhalation
oral
transdermal
topical
49
Which occurs when an active metabolite is formed?
accelerated onset of action
delayed onset of action
neutralization of action
prolonged action
50
Which opioid antagonist treats opiate overdose?
butorphanol (Stadol)
tramadol (Ultram)
buprenorphine (Buprenex)
naloxone (Narcan)
51
Which federal legislation prohibits the refilling of a prescription without authorization?
Food and Drug Act of 1906
Food and Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938
Kefauver-Harris Bill of 1962 (Drug Amendments Act)
Durham-Humphrey Law 1952
52
Which anesthetics are used most often in dental practice?
systemic
topical and local
inhalant
intravenous
53
Which is contraindicated for a patient with aspirin allergy?
Percocet
Percodan
Vicodin
Tylenol 3
54
Properties of an ideal local anesthetic include ____?_____
irreversible
stability in solution
longest duration
slow onset
55
Which is contraindicated for a patient with aspirin allergy?
Tylenol 3
Vicodin
Percocet
Percodan
56
Which previously prohibited supplement is associated with cardiovascular events ?
feverfew
ephedra
ginkgo
St. John's wort
57
How does an overdose of opiates cause death ?
respiratory depression
cardiac failure
traumatic brain injury
CNS depression
58
Guedel's four stages of general anesthesia are ANALGESIA, DELIRIUM, SURGICAL ANESTHESIA , and _____ ?
RECOVERY
RESPIRATORY PARALYSIS
MAINTENANCE
INDUCTION
59
Which expert panel has compiled much of the info about herbal products and supplements ?
German Federal Health Agency
American Dental Association
National Institute of Health
Food and Drug Administration
60
Which color is the nitrous oxide tank in the USA?
red
green
blue
silver
61
Which best describes the distribution of opioids?
conjugation with glucuronic acid in the liver
first-pass metabolism in the liver
second pass metabolism in the intestinal wall
glomerular filtration with urine excretion
62
Pharmacology is the study of:
the use of medications to treat disease
drugs and their interaction with living systems
the practice of compounding, preparing and dispensing meds
the study of the harmful effecs of drugs on living tissues
63
Which best describes the distribution of opioids?
first-pass metabolism in the liver
glomerular filtration with urine excretion
second pass metabolism in the intestinal wall
conjugation with glucuronic acid in the liver
64
During which phase of clinical studies is drug dosage determined?
Phase I
Phase III
Phase II
Phase IV
65
Nonopioid analgesic action is related to their ability to:
stimulate peripheral nerve endings
respond to pain by depressing the CNS
act primarily within the CNS
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis
66
Which herbal sweetener inhibits Strep Mutans ?
acemannan hydrogel
triclosan
xylitol
menthol
67
According to the Dietary Supplement Health and Education (DSHEA), the FDA is responsible for:
standardizing formulas of active/inactive ingredients
ensuring label accuracy and thoroughness
proving the product is unsafe
proving that products are safe and effective
68
The name given to a drug before it is trademarked is called the
brand name, capitalized
generic name, not capitalized
James Bond
Secret Name
69
Which is contraindicated if a patient is suicidal ?
buprenorphine (Buprenex)
naltrexone (ReVia)
tapentadol (Nucynta)
tramadol (Ultram)
70
Which NSAID is the safest choice for a woman who nurses/breastfeeds ?
naproxen
diflusinal
ibuprofen
acetaminophen
71
Which agent is a central nervous system stimulant ?
alcohol
cocaine
opioid agents
nitrous oxide
72
Why is the incidence of Hepatitis B, HIV, and STDs higher in opioid abusers ?
shared needles
compromised immune system
high quality agents sold on the streets
the body's reaction to opioids
73
Which opioid is used in addiction recovery ?
hydrocodone (Vicodin)
morphine
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
methadone (Dolophine)
74
Which anaphylactoid reaction can happen when using NSAIDs?
angioneurotic edema
bronchospasm
chills and fever
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
75
Which receptors in the brain are affected by opiates to produce analgesia?
ợ (sigma) and ε (epsilon)
only κ (kappa)
μ (mu) and δ (delta) and ĸ (kappa)
only μ (mu)
76
The amount of drug required to produce an effect is called the drug's:
efficacy
capacity
potency
lethal dose
77
Which anaphylactoid reaction can happen when using NSAIDs?
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
bronchospasm
chills and fever
angioneurotic edema
78
What component of pain differs between people for psychological reasons?
perception
threshold
sensation
reaction
79
Which over the counter agent is used in the manufacturing of methamphetamine ?
ephedrine
bath salts
aspirin
alcohol
80
Which is a current requirement for prescribing Schedule II drugs?
refilled by phone
refilled 5 times in 6 months
signed by prescriber
telephoned to the pharmacy
81
Which action causes undesired extremely high blood levels of local anesthetic ?
presence of inflammation
inadvertent IV injection rather than intradermal
patient's obesity
slow rate of injection
82
Which action is used to reduce tolerance to a specific drug?
suggest psychological alternative
gradually increase dosage
switch to another drug with similar pharmaceutical actions
cease administration
83
Which agent added to local anesthetic will reduce absorption into the bloodstream?
preservative
antioxidant
vasoconstrictor
sodium chloride
84
Which federal agency sets the standards for quality control in drug manufacturing plants?
Food ad Drug Administration
Drug Enforcement Agency
Federal Trade Commission
State Board of Pharmacy
85
The need to increase the dose of a drug to produce the same effect it used to cause is :
habituation
tolerance
withdrawal
misuse
86
How long does the anesthetic effect of (injected) lidocaine last on soft tissue?
2 - 3 hours
3-5 hours
30 minutes
60 minutes
87
How does an overdose of opiates cause death ?
cardiac failure
traumatic brain injury
CNS depression
respiratory depression
88
Aspirin poisoning deaths are caused by acidosis and :
angioneurotic edema
urticaria
electrolyte imbalance
hyperventilation
89
Acetaminophen toxicity increases with chronic, large doses of :
lithium
tobacco products
alcohol
antihypertensives
90
Which opioid is used in addiction recovery ?
methadone (Dolophine)
morphine
hydrocodone (Vicodin)
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
91
Which OTC analgesic can cause Reye's Syndrome in young children?
acetaminophen
allopurinol
aspirin
naproxen
92
Which is a reason that patients fail to adhere to a prescribed drug regimen?
motivation
inadequate patient education
communication
understanding
93
Which NSAID is the safest choice for a woman who nurses/breastfeeds ?
acetaminophen
ibuprofen
diflusinal
naproxen
94
Toxicity from local anesthetic can cause:
alcoholism
CNS and cardiac emergencies
diarrhea
diabetes
95
What occurs when interference disrupts the inactive to active metabolism ?
delayed onset of action
neutralization of action
accelerated onset of action
prolonged action
96
What component of pain differs between people for psychological reasons?
reaction
perception
threshold
sensation
97
Which is appropriate for off-label drug use
FDA endorses use
published in package insert
drug manufacturers promote off-label use
meets current standard of care
98
Opioids should not be used in which condition?
severe pain
hyperthyroidism
constipation
head injuries
99
Which psychedelic agent was orginally developed as an animal tranquilizer ?
PCP
LSD
synthetic marijuana
heroin
100
Which best explains why alcoholics tend to have dental bleeding problems ?
The liver is less able to store vitamin K.
The drying effect of alcohol exacerbates oral conditions.
Periodontal disease related to poor oral hygiene is rampant.
Candida infection occurs frequently and prominently.