Fundamental Attribution Error

underestimate the situation & overestimate personal factors

the tendency to favor one's own group

In the Robber's Cave experiment

All but this one., Groups were made to compete, Groups got nasty towards each other, Groups were made to complete a project using cooperation

Elaboration likelihood model explains what?

How people process information, either quickly or critically

Milgram's obedience studies demonstrate that

The perception of legitimate authority leads to higher obedience

unconscious attitudes regarding someone or something

Which best describes an internal locus of control?

Believing you control your life.

What is upward social comparison?

compare ourselves to people who are BETTER at a particular trait or ability

Sam wants Joe to agree to do a big favor, he should ask Joe for small favors first

The foot-in-the-door phenomenon

Informational social influence refers to

People conform when they feel others have better information

Which best describes an external locus of control?

Believing life controlled by outside forces

Which regularity in behavior can most likely be accounted for by the existence of a social norm?

students tend to use less profanity w/adults than with peers

Downward Social Comparison is

comparing ourselves to less successful people

Social Responsibility Norm

An expectation that people will help those dependent upon them

Which of the following statements is an example of the just-world phenomenon?

"All unemployed people are just lazy?'

Which of the following is a dispositional attribution?

Henry is cut off by a car and assumes the driver is rude

Soloman Asch's experiments demonstrated

people tend to agree w/ the majority opinion, even if they disagree

Upward social comparison

Can make us feel bad about ourselves, Can help us to set goals

Optimistic explanatory styles are

postive way of explaining things: external, unstable, specific

Studies show the mere exposure effect;

The more time you spend with someone, the more you like them

Out group homogeneity bias...

belief that all members of a group are more similar than they really are

What does the term "collectivism" refer to in personality psychology?

The importance of group goals and relationships over individual ones

Milgram's research showed that

Ordinary people are capable of commiting acts of violence

In Milgram's obedience experiments, subject were LEAST likely to deliver maximum levels of shock

when the subjects observed other subjects who refuse to obey

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of social comparison as defined by Leon Festinger?

The process of evaluating oneself by comparing to others

Peripheral Route of Persuasion

persuaded by something other than facts (athlete, celebrity, etc.)

The self-fulfilling prophecy...

helps bring about the outcome that is expected

Downward social comparison

Can improve our self esteem, Can lead to losing motivation

Pessimistic explanatory styles are

negative way of explaining things: internal, stable, global

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of relative deprivation?

Mo feels good about his car til he sees his friend driving a new sports car

negative feelings in one area cause other traits to be viewed negatively

Decisions that produce short term benefit & hurt society in the long run

ignoring evidence that proves wrong and clinging to beliefs

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Social Psych 2025

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Social psychology questions

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Questions 67

Answers

1
Fundamental Attribution Error
overestimate the situation and overestimate the disposition
overestimate the situation & overestimate the disposition
overestimate the situation and underestimate the disposition
underestimate the situation & overestimate personal factors
2
The failure of bystanders to give victims of auto accidents needed assistance is explained by
diffusion of responsibility
situational attribution
deindividuation
group polarization
3
Asch's study demonstrated
social loafing
everything always goes back to the Holocaust
Self-serving bias
The power of group influence
4
What is explanatory style?
Creating internal traits
Describing mental maps
Patterns of explaining events
Developing new behaviors
5
The branch of psychology that deals with social interactions is known as
DeLisis Psychology
Social Loafing
Sociology
Social Pyschology
6
Concept explain why people who are part of a crowd might do aggressive acts they wouldn't if alone?
Cognitive Dissonance
Deindividuation
Groupthink
Social Facilitation
7
Ingroup bias is
looking for information that confirms one's own beliefs
relying on stereotypes
a type of defense mechanism
the tendency to favor one's own group
8
Solomon Asch is best known for his research on
cognitive dissonance
group polarization
social loafing
conformity
9
In the Robber's Cave experiment
All but this one.
Groups were made to compete
Groups got nasty towards each other
Groups were made to complete a project using cooperation
10
Studies show that people clap less when they are in a group than when they are by themselves. This is due to:
Social Loafing
Assimilation
Group Polarization
Cocktail Party Effect
11
Elaboration likelihood model explains what?
How psychological needs motive people
How people process information, either quickly or critically
How our beliefs shape our attitudes
How our attitudes include our actions
12
Milgram's obedience studies demonstrate that
The perception of legitimate authority leads to higher obedience
Women are more likely to obey orders if the authority figure is ugly
Race/ethnicity play a large role in degree to obey orders
13
When we perform well on a task we typically attribute success to our internal characteristics
self-serving bias
Fundamental attribution error
self schema
external attribution error
14
Implicit attitudes:
Activating particular associations in memory
Persistence of one’s initial conceptions, such as when the basis for
our consciously controlled
unconscious attitudes regarding someone or something
15
Which best describes an internal locus of control?
Believing outside forces control your life
Expecting consistent personality traits
Believing you control your life.
Applying learned behaviors to new situations
16
What is upward social comparison?
compare ourselves to people who are WORSE at a particular trait or ability
comparing to see who is worse
comparing to see who is better
compare ourselves to people who are BETTER at a particular trait or ability
17
Sam wants Joe to agree to do a big favor, he should ask Joe for small favors first
The cognitive dissonance theory
The self-serving bias
The door-in-the-face phenomenon
The foot-in-the-door phenomenon
18
Informational social influence refers to
A superficial change, going along with others
People take on the beliefs and opinions of others
People conform when they feel others have better information
what is considered 'normal' 'typical' behaviour for a group
19
A change in behavior or belief as a result of real or imagined group pressure is.
diffusion of responsibility
compliance
acceptance
reactance
20
Dom asked Babs for a week off from school-she said no-he then asked for a day off & she ok'd it
Bad work ethic syndrome
Millinnial Loafing
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Door-in-the-face phenomenon
21
Which best describes an external locus of control?
Believing life controlled by outside forces
Believing life controlled by fake news
Believing life controlled by ourselves
Believing life controlled by higher power
22
Sarah is a skilled ballet dancer; she always dances well but does her best in front of audience - this is due to:
social loafing
the spotlight effect
groupthink
social facilitation
23
Which regularity in behavior can most likely be accounted for by the existence of a social norm?
People perform well-learned behaviors better w/ others watch
students tend to use less profanity w/adults than with peers
Most people sleep at least 6 hours a night
Male infants have a higher infant mortality rate than female
24
Downward Social Comparison is
comparing ourselves to less successful people
comparing people to our pets
comparing ourselves to more successful people
25
Social Responsibility Norm
An expectation that people will help those dependent upon them
Adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts
people are influenced by incidental cues,such as a speaker's attractiveness
26
Which of the following statements is an example of the just-world phenomenon?
"She did well on that exam; she must be smart"
"All unemployed people are just lazy?'
'I didn't get a good grade on test b/c the test was unfair"
" had a feeling I was going to win the lottery"
27
Which of the following is a dispositional attribution?
Henry is cut off by a car and assumes the driver is rude
Marissa believes that people in a group share the same ideas
Rudy assumes the role of a "guard" in a social experiment
Teacher's thinks child is acting out in class b/c of divorce
28
The tendency to attribute a person's actions to his personality
rationalization
dispositional attribution
socail loafing
deindividuation
29
Soloman Asch's experiments demonstrated
the power of authority to command the obedience from people
people tend to agree w/ the majority opinion, even if they disagree
diffusion of responsibility
people tend to agree with everyone all the time
30
Actor-observer bias is when you attribute other's actions to a personal defect and yours
to your spouse
to something external
to something internal
to your bank account
31
Upward social comparison
Can improve our self esteem
Can lead to social loafing
Can make us feel bad about ourselves
Can help us to set goals
32
Optimistic explanatory styles are
negative way of explaining things: internal, stable, global
postive way of explaining things: external, unstable, specific
The worst!
The best!
33
Studies show the mere exposure effect;
The more time you spend with someone, the more you like them
The more time you spend with someone, the less you like them
Upon initial mtg, people know how they feel about each other
If personalities clash at first, you'll fall for each other
34
Out group homogeneity bias...
blaming others for our failures so we continue to feel good about ourselves
belief that all members of a group are more similar than they really are
violent behavior or attitudes towards another person or group.
unjustified actions against an individual or group
35
What does the term "collectivism" refer to in personality psychology?
The study of personality disorders
The importance of group goals and relationships over individual ones
The focus on genetic influences on personality
The emphasis on individual achievements
36
Milgram's research showed that
Ordinary people are capable of commiting acts of violence
Nazi death camp commanders were hostile, evil people
People who commit acts of violence have personality flaws
people will not conorm to assigned roles unless given reward
37
In Milgram's obedience experiments, subject were LEAST likely to deliver maximum levels of shock
When the "experimenter" told suject they had no choice
when the "learner" screamed loudly in pain
When the "learner" said that he had a heart condition
when the subjects observed other subjects who refuse to obey
38
Which of the following best illustrates the concept of social comparison as defined by Leon Festinger?
To attribute others’ behavior to their personality not the situation.
The process of changing one’s behavior to match that of a group.
The belief that people get what they deserve in life.
The process of evaluating oneself by comparing to others
39
Peripheral Route of Persuasion
belief and feeling that predisposes one to respond in a certain way
how likely a person is to use Peripheral/Central Route of Persuasion
we use one trait to fill in the rest of our opinion about a person
persuaded by something other than facts (athlete, celebrity, etc.)
40
A bully is taunting a kid in the lunchroom & none of the kids around them do anything-known as
instrumental aggression
in group bias
perceived acceptance
bystander effect
41
The self-fulfilling prophecy...
helps bring about the outcome that is expected
is the tendency to use other's behaviors to judge our own
is the tendency to take credit for ouraccomplishments
explains away our failures ordisappointments
42
A tendency for person to come away from group discussion w/more extreme views than they had before
group think
social facilitation
group polarization
social control
43
Tendency to assume that beliefs,values attitudes of one's own group are superior to other groups
deindividuation
groupthink
ethnocentrism
observer bias
44
Downward social comparison
Can make us feel bad about ourselves
Can improve our self esteem
Can help us to set goals
Can lead to losing motivation
45
Normative social influence is...
the desire to be right
the desire to be liked
the desire to be loved
the desire to be rejected
46
An unselfish regard for the welfare of others
Nicism
Falsism
Altruism
BMartism
47
Pessimistic explanatory styles are
The worst!
postive way of explaining things: external, unstable, specific
The best!
negative way of explaining things: internal, stable, global
48
Which of the following best illustrates the concept of relative deprivation?
David avoids social media because people are mean
After losing her job, Angela feels motivated to go back to school
Mo feels good about his car til he sees his friend driving a new sports car
Carla studies harder when she notices her grades are slipping
49
Horn effect
negative feelings in one area cause other traits to be viewed negatively
positive feelings in one area cause other traits are viewed as positively
neutral feelings in one area cause other traits are viewed as not important
50
Social Traps
Decisions that produce short term benefit & hurt society in the long run
Traps society places on us to want to help the environment
51
Belief perserverance
gathering evidence to prove wrong; clinging to beliefs
gathering evidence to prove correct; avoiding bias
ignore evidence that proves correct; clinging to beliefs
ignoring evidence that proves wrong and clinging to beliefs
52
Situational attribution
Explaining someone's behavior as a result of their situation
Improved performance of tasks in front of a group or other people
The tendency to see yourself in a favorable light
Explaining someone's behavior as a product of their personality
53
Which describes a group’s attitude change that is attributed to central route to persuasion?
attitude change occurs when groups care about the presenter
Attitude change occurs when groups care about presentation
attitude change occurs when group cares about evidence
attitude change occurs when group does not care about issue
54
Jamie's high school clique of friends are
victims of predjudice
part of her ingroup
scapegoats
deindividuated
55
Thinking is to doing as predjudice is to
Blue
English questions in psychoogy
Discrimination
Forgetting
56
A person is LEAST likely to help someone else in distress if
the person is in a good mood
the person is in a hurry
the person lives in a rural area
the victim is similar to the person in some way
57
A group of kids dressed up for Halloween may be more likely to commit acts of vandalism b/c of
ingroup bias
learned helplessness
deindividualism
social loafing
58
According to cognitive dissonance theory, human beings are motivated to
respond to an inborn need to pass on their genes
reduce tensions produced by inconsistent thoughts
satisfy needs resulting from tissue deficits
maintain an optimal level of arousal
59
What are superordinate goals?
Goals that are prioritized over all others.
Goals that bring together competing groups for a common purpose.
Goals that different groups may set for themselves.
Goals that are linked to biological survival.
60
Joe assumes that the majority of people share his beliefs about education. This is example of
the false consensus effect
fundamental attribution error
ingroup bias
the mere exposure effect
61
Dee feels her 90 in science is b/c of her hard work/her 60 in Spanish b/c her teacher is a b**ch
the self-serving bias
the fundamental attribution error
the fasle consensus effect
the hindsight bias
62
Cyberbullying makes it easier for people to be more cruel and hurtful b/c of what group dynamic
group polarization
deindividuation
bystander effect
social facilitation
63
A smoker reads an article how smoking leads to cancer but says I exercise, so it's ok to smoke
Cognitive Dissonance
Social Facilitation
Social Inhibition
Groupthink
64
What is the definition of groupthink?
Think about an idea for a long time, but then decide not to use it
Brainstorm with a group of people
To disagree with everyone in the group
The tendency to accept the group's ideas in spite of individual concerns
65
Confirmation bias
fast, automatic, unreasoned feelings and thoughts
tendency to approach a problem with a method that worked previously
seeking evidence to support an idea, rather than refute it
the inability to look from another perspective, in order to maintain belief
66
Pessimistic Explanatory style blames this:
Parents
Personal Flaws
Stress
Situational Factors
67
Halo Effect
A cognitive bias where people remember negative traits more than positive
The tendency to judge others based solely on their body language
The tendency to see someone as good or bad based on one characteristic
The belief that people always act consistently across all situations

Social Psych 2025 Flashcards | StudBud