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BIO 1308 Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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BIO 1308 Final Exam Review
BIO 1308 Final Exam Review
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BIOLOGY 1308 Final Exam Review
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55 cards
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Questions
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1
DNA replication is said to be semiconservative because a newly replicated, double-stranded DNA molecule consists of...
mixed parent and daughter
two parent
one parent, one daughter
two daughter
2
A DNA molecule has an anti-parallel arrangement due to...
number of phosphates
5' to 3 ' arrangement
hydrogen bonding
A-T, G-C pairing
3
Attachment of the mitotic spindle fibers to the kinetochores is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?
metaphase
propmetaphase
prophase
interphase
4
What is the name of the molecule that leaves the Calvin Cycle to be converted into glucose?
ADP
3-PGA
RuBP
G3P
5
Which phase of meiosis is seen in the diagram?
Prophase II
Anaphase I
Prophase I
Anaphase II
6
Which stage of the cell cycle is shown in the diagram?
interphase
anaphase
prophase
telophase
7
Carbon dioxide and oxygen must be exchanged during photosynthesis. In what part of the leaf does this happen?
stroma
veins
stomata
cuticle
8
What type of solution is represented in the diagram?
Heptatonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Hypotonic
9
Which of the following fermentation methods often occurs in the skeletal muscles of animals?
lactic acid fermentation
acetic acid fermentation
alcoholic fermentation
citric acid fermentation
10
Of the following selections, which most accurately describes the cells produced from the process of meiosis?
unique
diploid
triploid
identical
11
Which molecule is identified by the number 8?
rRNA
tRNA
DNA
mRNA
12
What structure is the letter "A" identifying?
Photosystem 1
Electron Transport Chain
ATP Synthase
Photosystem 2
13
Which of the following statements describes the process of denaturation?
changing protein structure due to changes in pH, temp. or chemicals
removing protein to increase substrate concentration
speeding up chemical reactions by adding enzymes
adding substrates to increase protein activity
14
A test cross utilizes a _____ organism to mate with the unknown genotype.
homozygous recessive
homozygous dominant
heterozygous recessive
heterozygous dominant
15
Why are more males than females affected by X-linked recessive genetic traits?
Males have only one X chromosome
Females have more Y chromosomes to hide the traits
Males and females are affected equally
Males have multiple X chromosomes
16
Many cells in the body divide rarely, if at all. Which portion of the cell cycle would such cells be in?
M
G2
G1
G0
17
Why is the model of the plasma membrane referred to as the Fluid Mosaic Model?
Made from a variety of components
Clear in color like many fluids
A mosaic artist discovered the membrane.
Discovered using mosaic artist tools
18
The much faster and less complicated form of cell division that takes place in prokaryotes is called...?
conjugation
binary fission
meiosis
regeneration
19
What is the central dogma of biology?
genetic information must be replicated using DNA helicase & RNA polymerase
genetic information can be found on both dominant and recessive alleles
protein --> RNA --> DNA
DNA --> RNA --> protein
20
The two major phases of the cell cycle include...
interphase & mitosis
prophase & telophase
interphase & cytokinesis
mitosis & cytokinesis
21
A useful tool in detecting chromosomal abnormalities in humans is a(n)...
karyotype
pedigree
Punnett Square
ultrasound
22
Which unique scenario produces a pink phenotype when red flowers are crossed with white flowers?
incomplete dominance
codominance
multiple alleles
X-linked
23
Plasmodesmata are used by plants in cellular communication. How do plasmodesmata function?
Keep cells in a sheet-like formation for easy communication
create channels between the cell walls enabling communication
produce plant nerve cells that can communicate with other nerve cells
strengthen the cell membrane to prevent pathogens
24
In which of the following biomolecules is SEQUENCING a factor?
proteins
proteins and nucleic acids
lipids
carbohydrates and lipids
25
Which stage of the Calvin Cycle is identified by letter C
Reduction
Regeneration
Fixation
Resubmission
26
Which of Mendel's Laws states that genes do not influence each other with regard to the sorting of alleles into gametes?
Law of Segregation
Law of Hybridization
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Dominance
27
Which of the following macromolecules is necessary for supplying the body with an immediate source of energy?
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins
carbohydrates
28
Which process is represented in the diagram?
facilitated transport
active transport
diffusion
osmosis
29
Eukaryotic mRNA must undergo several processing steps to ensure its stability. Which of the following is
NOT
a step?
folding mRNA
remove introns
5' cap
poly A tail
30
Which process is represented in the diagram?
osmosis
diffusion
active transport
facilitated diffusion
31
Which of the following molecules is
NOT
an example of an organic compound?
HC6H7O6
CaCl2
C6H12O6
C2H4O2
32
Identify Structure M
Nuclear membrane
Golgi Apparatus
Rough ER
Smooth ER
33
When would be an appropriate time to study crossing over?
Metaphase I
Prophase I
Interphase
Prophase II
34
Which of the following lists the levels of biological classification in the correct order from broad to most specific?
order, family, genus, species
phylum, family, genus, species
kingdom, class, order, family
class, family, order, genus
35
Which of the following chemical equations represents the net chemical reaction of aerobic cellular respiration?
Pyruvate + NADH --> Lactate + NAD+
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + 6CO2 + ATP ---> 6H2O + 6O2
36
During aerobic respiration, what molecule acts as the final electron acceptor allowing the regeneration of NAD+?
pyruvate
oxygen
acetyldehyde
glucose
37
The process that involves hydrogen ions diffusing across ATP synthase is known as?
photolysis
oxidative phosphorylation
photophosphorylation
chemiosmosis
38
What two products are the end-result of photosynthesis?
water and carbon dioxide
glucose and carbon dioxide
glucose and oxygen
water and oxygen
39
Rudolf Virchow examined cells undergoing cell division. Which part of the cell theory was he responsible for?
All life has one or more cells
Cells come from other cells
Cells are the basic units of life
Cells must remain a small size
40
How is the diploid condition restored after the gametes are produced?
merging of 2 of the 4 daughter cells
fertilization of egg by sperm
a third round of meiosis
haploid cells undergoing another S phase
41
As a result of linkage, which genes are more likely to be inherited as a pair?
closer together on same chromosome
closer together on different chromosome
further apart on different chromosome
further apart on same chromosome
42
If a particle is moving from high concentration to low concentration without help from a protein, this is...
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
diffusion
active transport
43
Which process is
most directly
prevented in the absence of adequate oxygen?
Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Chemiosmosis
44
Which of the following are referred to as the main plant organ involved in the process of photosynthesis?
flower
leaf
stem
roots
45
The variation seen among individuals when each shows one of two-or a very few-easily distinguishable traits is...
discontinuous variation
continuous variation
epistatic variation
sex-linked variation
46
The 3 domains of life recognized by scientists are?
Animalia, Plantae, Bacteria
Fungi, Protista, Animalia
Eukarya, Protista, Archae
Archea, Bacteria, Eukarya
47
cell begins to elongate; sister chromatids separate at the centromere; chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell
prophase
anaphase
telophase
metaphase
48
Movement of a segment of a chromosome from one chromosome to another nonhomologous chromosome
translocation
deletion
inversion
duplication
49
Utilizing info gained from the Human Genome Project to seek cures for genetically related diseases is an example of?
basic science
deductive reasoning
inductive reasoning
applied science
50
What would be the outcome of blocking S-phase of interphase?
DNA replication would not occur
centrosomes would be duplicated
spindle fibers would not elongate
cytoskeleton would be dismantled
51
What is the function of structure C?
site of protein synthesis
produces energy
conjugation
instructions for building proteins
52
What is #2 identifying?
centromere
long arm
sister chromatid
short arm
53
Which of the following biomolecules is NOT matched up correctly with its components?
Carbohydrates: C, H, O
Nucleic Acids: C, H, O, N, S
Lipids: C, H, O
Proteins: C, H, O, N
54
The
primary
level of protein structure is determined by...?
non-R group interactions
DNA sequencing
peptide bond interactions
reactions between amino acids
55
When enzyme regulation takes place at a site that is
not
the active site, this is called ...
competitive inhibition
noncompetitive inhibition
trans-competitive inhibition
substrate inhibition
