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SES 4U Geologic Processes Flashcards | StudBud
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SES 4U Geologic Processes
SES 4U Geologic Processes
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A #EarthScience #Geological Processes Quiz Grade 12
Flashcards
34 cards
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Questions
34
Answers
1
The San Andreas Fault, a result of horizontal shear, is a ____ fault
reverse
strike-slip
normal
blind
2
On a seismometer, vibrations of the ground do not move the ____.
recording drum
frame
suspended mass
spring
3
Volcanism that occurs under water along mid-ocean ridges is ____.
the Mediterranean Belt
the Ring of Fire
a hot spot
rift volcanism
4
In which of the following climates would chemical weathering most readily occur?
dry and cool
wet and cool
wet and warm
dry and warm
5
Many early mapmakers thought Earth’s continents had moved based on ____.
matching coastlines
fossil evidence
climatic data
plate boundary locations
6
Which of the following happens when a river enters a large body of water?
The water increases its speed& carries out gully erosion.
The river water slows down&deposits large amts of sediments
The river H2O erodes the shoreline &deposits barrier islands
The river water flows over the delta, causing exfoliation.
7
Uplifted mountains ____.
form when a large region of Earth’s crust rises up as a unit
all of the above
are the result of erosional forces
have rocks that are not very deformed
8
____ is a fossil fern that helped support Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift
Glossopteris
Mesosaurus
Kannemeyerid
Gondwanaland
9
Fault-block mountains ____.
form when two continental plates collide
form above a subduction zone
form when large pieces of crust are dropped btw large faults
all of the above
10
Features found at divergent boundaries include ____.
crumpled mountains
ocean ridges
deep-sea trenches
island arc volcanoes
11
A ____ fault forms as a result of horizontal compression.
blind
normal
reverse
strike-slip
12
The youngest part of the ocean floor is found ____.
where ocean sediments are thickest
where Earth’s magnetic field changes polarity
near ocean ridges
along deep sea trenches
13
The existence of coal beds in Antarctica indicates that the continent once had
been farther from the equator
been part of Africa
a temperate, rainy climate
a cold, dry climate
14
The locations of seismic belts are determined by plotting ____.
earthquake epicenters
seismic gaps
epicentral distances
earthquake foci
15
After millions of years of erosion, the Appalachian Mountains still exist because of ____.
continental drift
erosion
orogeny
isostatic rebound
16
Which of the following are landscape features associated with volcanoes?
vents, craters, and calderas
hot spots and flood basalts
uplift, erosion, weathering, and deposition
batholiths, stocks, sills, dikes, and laccoliths
17
The Himalayas formed as the result of ____.
continental-continental convergence
divergence on the ocean floor
hot spot volcanism
oceanic-oceanic convergence
18
Types of plutons include ____.
vents, craters, and calderas
shields, cinder-cones, and composites
dust, ash, lapilli, volcanic blocks, and volcanic bombs
batholiths, stocks, sills, dikes, and laccoliths
19
Which of the following statements is NOT true of soils in sloped areas?
South-facing slopes have somewhat thicker soils
Smaller particles stay /coarser particles move down
Soils on slopes tend to be infertile
Valley soils are usually thick
20
Continental drift was not widely accepted when it was first proposed because ____.
Wegener couldn’t explain why or how the continents moved
continental landmasses were too big to move slowly
magnetic&sonar data proved that Wegener’s hypoth. was false
mantle convection currents weren’t in motion at that time
21
There can be no stream erosion or glacial erosion without
deposition
wind
hydrolysis
gravity
22
Subduction results in the formation of ____.
a deep-sea trench
a magnetic reversal
new continental crust
a rift valley
23
Which of the following has the potential for the most erosion?
water flowing down a steep slope
wind blowing materials down a slope
wind blowing materials in the air, against gravity
water flowing across a flatland
24
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the deposition of eroded materials?
It improves the quality of ecosystems
It can restrict navigation through the water bodies
It limits the avail. of water for hydroelectric energy.
It reduces water supplies for personal consumption
25
The driving forces of tectonic plates are related to convection currents in Earth’s ____.
crust
inner core
mantle
outer core
26
Each cycle of spreading and intrusion of magma during seafloor spreading results in ____.
new ocean crust
plates colliding
magnetic reversals
subduction
27
Which of the following are used to classify plutons?
uplift, erosion, weathering, and deposition
amount of silica and dissolved gases
viscosity, amount of silica, and dissolved gases
size, shape, and relationship to surrounding rocks
28
The downward part of a convection current causes a sinking force that ____.
moves plates apart from one another
lifts and splits the lithosphere
creates a divergent boundary
pulls tectonic plates toward one another
29
Convection currents transfer thermal energy ____.
as a result of buoyancy
between continents
from warmer regions to cooler regions
from cooler regions to warmer regions
30
All of the following affect the temperature at which magma forms EXCEPT ____.
composition of source material
water
pressure
viscosity
31
Which of the following could increase the rate of chemical weathering of a rock?
moving it to a drier climate
moving it to a colder climate
increasing its total surface area
moving it to a location with few plants and animals
32
Barrier islands are formed when
the ocean floor is uplifted
the wind continuously blows sand out to sea
sand bars are worn away
sand is repeatedly picked up, moved by ocean currents
33
Isochron maps of the seafloor indicate that ocean crust is ____.
youngest at deep-sea trenches
youngest near ocean ridges
oldest near ocean ridges
thinnest in subduction zones
34
A good model for isostasy is ____.
the water line of a boat when someone boards or leaves it
a collision between two cars
scraping food off a plate
stretching a cracked, old rubber band
