What main two ways paid for exploration?

Family Banks, Joint Stock Companies

Price Revolution: What caused inflation?

More bullion, Population growth

Classics AND wanted to fuse christian virtues and classical ideals- moral/institutional reform rather than individualism

Northern Renaissance, Christian Humanism

Europeans established _______ ________ and trade networks through coercion and negotiation.

Trading Posts, Overseas Empires

What characterisitics of ships improved them?

Lateen Sails, Caravels, Axial/Sternpost Rudders

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AP EURO Unit 1 Test

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Study Guide for AP Euro Unit 1 Test -Learning goals and key terms/people

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Questions 99

Answers

1
Helped to determine cardinal direction
Caravel
Cross Staff
Astrolabe
Compass
2
The ____ incorporated the new ideas of the Renaissance and were used to promote personal, political, and religious goals
Visual Arts
Political Centralization
Exploration
Classical Texts
3
Bank located in the netherlands-funded exploration-stock exchanges
Bank of London
Bank of Amsterdam
Family Banks
Joint Stock Company
4
Wages going up ...
And keeping up
But not keeping up
Wages going down
Wages weren't going up
5
Who fought in the 100 Years' War?
Italy Vs. France
France Vs. England
Spain Vs. Portugal
England Vs. Spain
6
Renaissance Artist: Painted the Sistine Chapel and The School of Athens
Raphael
Medici
Fugger
Gutenburg
7
Christian humanism, embodied in the writings of _____, employed Renaissance learning in the service of religious reform.
Pico
Van Eyck
Eramus
Petrarch
8
was an Italian poet and court writer for King Charles VI of France and several French dukes.
Christine de Pizan
Pico
Petrarch
Lorenzo Valla
9
a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state EX: Milan, Venice, Florence, Papal, Napals/Sicily
City States
Italy
Countires
Empires
10
Which is NOT a precursor to the deveolpment and begining of the Italian Renaissance? (Context)
100 Years' War
Commercial Revolution
Great Schism
Black Death
11
European states sought direct access to gold, spices, and luxury goods to enhance personal wealth and ___________
Merchantilism
State Power
Church Power
Capitalism
12
Renaissance man who worked for Henry VIII-Wrote Utopia (meaning no where)Based on Plato’s Republic, Religious toleration
Desiderius Erasmus
St. Thomas More
Michel de Montaigne
Petrarch
13
What were the main reasons for exploration?
God
Glory
Gold
Gain
14
Centuries long "reconquest" of spain from the muslims-culminated w/ the conquest of the last muslim stronghold, granada
Treaty of Tordesillas
Enconmiendo
Reconquista
Asiento
15
What main two ways paid for exploration?
Stock Exchange
Family Banks
Explorers paid for themselves
Joint Stock Companies
16
Spanish System: Native Americans would be used for labor in return for enlightenment of catholicism and protection
Reconquista
Encomienda
Slave Trade
Asiento
17
The competition for trade created ____ and ____ in the 17-18th centuries
Tension and war
Treaties and Laws
Debate and war
Power and Empires
18
Price Revolution: What caused inflation?
Wages going up
More bullion
Population growth
High Tariffs
19
__________ ,for some, it served as a justification for the subjugation of indigenous civilizations.
Christianity
Encomienda
Centralized Power
State Power
20
Classics AND wanted to fuse christian virtues and classical ideals- moral/institutional reform rather than individualism
Northern Renaissance
Christian Humanism
Roman Humanism
Secular Humanism
21
Europeans established _______ ________ and trade networks through coercion and negotiation.
Trading Posts
Slave trade
Overseas Empires
Religious ideas
22
Artists: later, he would have a religious conversion that made him regret focusing so much on pagan gods and goddesses
Pazan
Botticelli
Gutenburg
Pico
23
A female leader who established courts, a library and ruled effectively
Laura Cereta
Isabelle d'Este
Queen Elizabeth
Battista Sforza
24
Invented the printing press
Lorenzo de Valla
Gutenburg
Battista Sforza
St. Thomas More
25
An Italian Renaissance nobleman and philosopher. Wrote Oration-Man has a choice between heaven and hell. Man is the best
Castiglione
Leonardo Bruni
Pico della Mirandola
Lorenzo Valla
26
An agreement between Francis I and the pope that gave both of them power
Las Casas
Concordant of Bologna
Battista Sforza
Treaty of Tordesillas
27
An Artist: The Arnolfini Portrait,
Van Eyck
Prince Henry the Navigator
Erasmus
Petrarch
28
Europeans derived their livelihood from agriculture, but economic changes began to alter ______ production and power
Urban
Rural
29
Invention used to make sailing increase speed and go windward
Caravel
Lateen Sails
Axial Rudder
Sternpost Rudder
30
Native Americans used as labor in return for enlightenment and protection-Otherwise known as the __________
Treaty of Tordesillas
Reconquista
Caste System
Encomienda System
31
Established direct trade throughout Asia- richer and more powerful than England's company
Joint Stock Companies
Dutch East India Company
Family Banks
British East India Company
32
Portugeuse () who promoted the study of navigation and directed voyages of exploration down the western coast of Africa
Prince Henry the Navigator
Diaz
De Gama
Cabral
33
Wrote The Prince: Stating 1)Art of War 2)Ends justify means 3)Fear > Loved
Castiglione
Machiavelli
Donatello
Giovanni
34
Agreement that spilt the Americas between Spain and Portugal but accidently gave portugal a little bit of South America
Encomiendo
Treaty of Tordesillas
Star Chamber
Asiento
35
The exchange of new plants/animals/diseases, _________, in some cases facilitated European mistreatment of native people
Triangular Trade
Columbian Exchange
36
An artists who painted himself to see what he can do-he painted himself as Jesus
Botticello
Donatello
Durer
Pico
37
_____ laid the foundation for the centralized modern state by establishing monopolies on tax collection (Wanted Control)
New Monarchies
Merchants
Roman Catholic Church
Macchiavelli
38
A national bank that funded exploration. Located in London-beginning of stock exchanges
Bank of London
Joint Stock Company
National Bank
Bank of Amsterdam
39
Europeans __________ and settled overseas territories, encountering and interacting with indigenous populations.
Centralized
Explored
Conversed
Fought
40
A female scholar of the classics-wrote a piece so good people believed a man must have written it
Isabella d'Este
Laura Ceceta
Queen Isabelle
Battista Sforza
41
The invention of the _____________ promoted the dissemination of new ideas.
Realism
Compass
Humanism
Printing press
42
Determines the lattitude
Cross Staff
Compass
Astrolabe
Caravel
43
What happened to the prestige of the Church after the Great Schism?
Increased
Decreased
Stayed the same
44
The new concept of the __ state + ___ systems of law played a central role in the creation of new political institutions
Sovereign and Caste
Centralized and Caste
Sovereign and Secular
Centralized and Secular
45
What characterisitics of ships improved them?
Lateen Sails
Caravels
Higher booms
Axial/Sternpost Rudders
46
Powerful family that basically ran the government from behind the scenes
The Medici
Henry's six wives
Isabelle and Ferdinand
The Valla Family
47
_________ was a stimulus for exploration as governments and religious authorities sought to spread the faith
New Monarchies
Humanism
Christianity
Exploration
48
An artist who paints for the King of England
Petrarch
Portolani
Hans Holbein
Lorenzo de Valla
49
Extension of the Italian Renaissance to Europe; it took on a more religious nature than the Italian Renaissance
High Renaissance
Italian Renaissance
Northern Renaissance
Christian Renaissance
50
Europe’s colonial expansion led to a global exchange of goods, and expansion of ____________
State Power
Slave Trade
Trading Post
Triangular Trade
51
Joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism-controlled life in India for 200+ yrs
Stock Exchanges
Joint Stock
Dutch East India Company
British East India Company
52
The Italian Renaissance was the rediscovery of what?
Christianity
Monarchies
War
Greek and Roman texts
53
Invention to help turns and to stay on course
Sternpost rudders
Lateen Sails
Guns/Cannons
Caravel
54
Rulers and popes concerned with enhancing their prestige ___ paintings and architectural works based on classical styles
Created
Supported
Banned
Commisioned
55
Attempts of landlords to increase their revenues by restricting/abolishing the traditional rights of peasants led to ___
Nothing
Expansion
Peace
Revolt
56
the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region:
Secular
Ascetics
Anti-seticism
Vernacular
57
Some Renaissance humanists furthered the values of ________ and _________.
Antisemitism and Mercantilism
Humanism and Individualism
Secularism and Realism
Secularism and Individualism
58
A monopoly contract between Spanish Crown and merchants for the right to provide African slaves to colonies in New World
Encomienda
Reconquista
Treaty of Tordesillas
Assiento
59
Renaissance artists :1st freestanding nude sculpture since classical antiquity; David
Gutenberg
Lorenzo Valla
Filippo Brunelleschi
Donatello
60
Period of great cultural change- began in Italy during the 14-16th c., the change from Mediaval -> Early Modern Europe
Italian Renaissance
Northern Renaissance
Mediaval Renaissance
High Renaissance
61
What is the Great Schism?
The 5 city-states split
Europe split into 2 religions
2 popes then 3 popes
No popes
62
System with Spanish at the top and Native Americans at the bottom
Reconquista
Hierarchy
Encomienda
Caste System
63
_________ change produced new social patterns, while traditions of hierarchy and status continued
Social
Cultural
Economic
Political
64
A woman who governed and learned Greek and Latin
Battista Sforza
Laura Cereta
Elizabeth
Isabelle
65
Artist: St. Peter's BasillicaOne of largest, most ornate spaces ever,Pope Julius II commissioned it
Laura Cereta
Christine de Pizan
St. Thomas More
Filippo Brunellschi
66
Determines angle between horizon and celestial body
Caravel
Cross Staff
Astrolabe
Compass
67
When slaves are taken from the African coast- they position becomes
Free
Flexible
Non-existent
Permanent
68
A secret English court used to deal with aristocrats who threatened royal power-by Henry VII of England-no jury
Portolani
Star Chamber
Reconquista
Treaty of Tordesillas
69
_____ established colonies across the Americas the Caribbean, and the Pacific which made ( ) a dominant state in Europe
The Italians
The Dutch
The French
The Spanish
70
Which of the following were navigational instruments
Astrolade
Cross Staff
Telescope
Compass
71
Famous artists- sculpted David (Out of an abandoned piece of marble)
Leonardi Bruni
Michelangelo
Lorenzo Valla
Petrarch
72
the sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies.
Trading post
Middle Passage
Slave Passage
Triangular Trade
73
The rise of _____ gave the state a new role in promoting commercial development and the acquisition of colonies overseas
Merchantilism
Capitalism
Humanism
New Monarchies
74
Who gained power in the 100 Years' War?
Lower Class
Foot Soldiers
Noble men
Middle Class
75
First to divide history into 3 actions: ancient, medieval, modern
Jacob Burkhardi
Van Eyck
Leonardi Brundi
Urbino
76
the principle of separation of the state from religious institutions:
Vernacular
Secularism
Anti-seticism
Anti-Christ
77
_____ used historical criticism to discredit an 8th c. document- a religious text wasn't written in Christ time
Christine de Pizan
Battista Sforza
Petrarch
Lorenzo Valla
78
the________ served to consolidate power in the monarchy of the newly unified Spanish kingdom
Reconquista
Spanish Inquisition
Concordat of Bologna
Encomienda
79
Where did the Black Death start?
Portugal
France
Florence, Italy
Milan, Italy
80
Everything intentionally and unintentionally traded exchanged and culturally adapted everywhere
Columbian Exchange
Trading Posts
Triangular Trade
Slave Trade
81
Monarchs, including the English rulers _____ + _____ initiated religious reform in an effort to exercise greater control
Charles VII and Louis XI
Henry VIII and Elizabeth I,
Henry VII and Henry VIII
Ferdinand and Isabelle
82
An Italian Courtier - who wrote about how to be a courtier
Erasmus
Botticelli
Durer
Castiglione
83
The _______ established a commercial network along the African coast, in South and East Asia, and in South America
Spanish
English
Portugeuse
French
84
Humanism with the added belief that one must be an active and contributing member to one's society
Societital Humanism
Anti-Humanism
Civic Humanism
Religious Humanism
85
Invention that help countries conquer land easier
Axial Rudders
Caravel
Guns/Gunpowder
Lateen
86
Rulers that led spain/worked to strengthen royal control/embodied power of the state/controlled catholic church
Ferdinand and Isabelle
Charles VII
Francis I
Henry VII and Elizabeth
87
France and England competed against ___ and ____ for land in the New World
Spain and Portugal
Spain and Dutch
Dutch and Italians
Portugal and Dutch
88
European nations were driven by commercial and religious ________ to explore overseas territories and establish colonies
Means
Rules
Discovery
Motives
89
A more accurate map to determine nautical-flat scale
Mercator Map
Astrolabe
Compass
Portovani
90
Devoted most of his life to protecting NA peoples from exploitation-created a law, which limited Spanish control over NA
De Gama
Cabral
Diaz
Las Casas
91
a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th–17th centuries.
Caravel
Lateen Sails
Astrolabe
Portolani
92
A Humanists, ________, promoted a revival in classical literature+created new philological approaches to ancient texts
Leonardi Brundi
Petrarch
Filippo Brunelleschi
Donatello
93
Spanish for "conqueror" - soldier who participated in conquest of indigenous peoples of Latin America EX: Hernan Cortes
Conquistador
Encomiendo
Asiento
Reconquista
94
The invention of the printing press helped spread the Renaissance beyond Italy + encouraged the growth of ___ literature
Secular
Religious
Humanist
Vernacular
95
The 100 Years' War actually lasted 100 years?
True
False
96
The ___ contributed to the expansion of the market economy through the commercialization of agriculture
Price Revolution
Columbian exchange
Commercial revolution
Triangular trade
97
A revival of ____________ led to new methods of scholarship and new values in both society and religion.
Art
Classical Texts
War
Religion
98
The struggle for sovereignty within and among states resulted in varying degrees of political ___________.
Disparity
Consistency
Separation
Centralization
99
European society and the experiences of everyday life were increasingly shaped by commercial and __________ capitalism
Societal
Growing
Economic
Agricultural

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