LO 9.1 Identify missing data and data errors using Excel. LO 9.2 Define the meaning of biased data and explain the concepts of selection bias and survivor bias. LO 9.3 Define Simpson’s paradox and explain how a scatter chart can be used to identify some instances of Simpson’s paradox. LO 9.4 Explain the importance of adjusting for inflation in time series data that represent long time periods and use a price index to adjust nominal values to account for inflation. LO 9.5 Identify deceptive desig