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Enviro5 Evolution & Community Ecology Flashcards | StudBud
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Enviro5 Evolution & Community Ecology
Enviro5 Evolution & Community Ecology
50 terms
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StudBud Administration
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41 plays
#evolution #SpeciesInteractions #foodwebs # succession #niche
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
A cat eats a mouse. It is acting as a...
producer
secondary consumer
decomposer
primary consumer
2
How much energy in a trophic level is available to be transferred to the next level?
100%
90%
50%
10%
3
Competition among members of the same species is called....
intraspecific competition
interspecific competition
predation
commensalism
4
How can a bear be a primary consumer sometimes and a secondary consumer at others?
it can't make up its mind as to what it likes
it is an omnivore
it depends on what it is eating at the time
it depends on whether there are pioneer species to eat
5
Which is an interaction in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed (+/-)?
parasitism
mutualism
commensalism
competition
6
Which type of organism performs photosynthesis to make its own food?
a consumer
a producer
a detritivore
an herbivore
7
If 2 species with the same niche coexist in the same area, there must be a difference in...
size
lifespan
intelligence
time they are active
8
When a species cannot fulfill all of its roles or use all its resources, it has a ...
realized niche
partitioned niche
ideal niche
fundamental niche
9
2 species cannot occupy the same niche at same place and time, or one species will...
make friends and share resources with the other
out compete and drive out the other
be forced to change their niche, place, or time
throw a party
10
What term to we use to describe how successful an organism is in its environment?
adaptation
fitness
speciation
evolution
11
The ability to survive and reproduce under changing environmental conditions is...
extinction
resource partitioning
tolerance
artificial selection
12
Biomass is...
the number of organisms in a trophic level
an organism's mass
the total amount of living tissue a trophic level contains
the amount of energy in a trophic level
13
An organism is considered a keystone species IF...
they exert a strong community-wide effect
are large animals
they are at the bottom of a food web
they are predators
14
All of the following are examples of keystone species except...
butterfly
sea otter
beaver
elephant
15
A sequence of DNA that codes for a particular trait is a...
adaptation
genetic drift
mutation
gene
16
"Everything an organism does and when it does it" describes an organism's...
community
niche
tolerance
habitat
17
A
trait
that is passed to the next generation & promotes survival & reproduction is called....
evolution
adaptation
genes
natural selection
18
Which is an interaction in which both species are adversely affected (-/-)?
mutualism
commensalism
competition
parasitism
19
A bear eats blueberries. He is acting as a...
primary consumer
herbivore
carnivore
secondary consumer
20
Predator and prey often evolve in response to changes in each other. This is an example of...
density-dependent growth
natural selection
artificial selection
coevolution
21
When warblers occupy different parts of the same tree in order to coexist, it is a case of...
tolerance
speciation
resource partitioning
competitive exclusion
22
Which is an interaction in which one organism benefits and the other doesn't notice (+/0)?
mutualism
competition
parasitism
commensalism
23
Which of the following organisms is a decomposer?
tiger
algae
mushroom
fern
24
Which is NOT a disturbance that can interrupt succession?
mowing
planting trees
tilling
fire
25
The
change
in genes of a population over many generations is called...
adaptation
evolution
natural selection
inheritance
26
What happens to energy that is not passed from one trophic level to the next?
it is given off as heat
it is stored as fat
it is burned in metabolism
it evaporates
27
What is symbiosis?
a mutualistic relationship in which both species benefit
a complex arrangement between parents and their offspring
competition between species
a close living relationship between two organisms
28
Dog breeds and large or tasty vegetables are products of...
gene therapy
artificial selection
natural selection
adaptation
29
Natural selection and artificial selection differ by the influence of...
weather
wolves
man
pollution
30
When predator & prey populations follow each other's growth patterns, they are said to be a ...
limited by each other
exponential growth pattern
logistic growth pattern
boom bust cycle
31
A worm eats grass. A bird eats a worm. A fox eats a bird. Which food chain is accurate?
bird -> fox -> worm -> grass
fox -> bird -> worm -> grass
grass -> worm -> bird -> fox
worm -> grass -> bird -> fox
32
Which of the following is analogous to a keystone species?
a stone in a stone arch
a person on a bench
a bird on a wire
a bulldozer in a pond
33
A
process
that selects which traits are advantageous for survival & drives evolution is called
inheritance
natural selection
adaptation
evolution
34
Which is an interaction in which both organisms benefit (+/+)?
parasitism
competition
mutualism
commensalism
35
What is true about energy transfer among members of a community?
most of the energy in a trophic level is lost as heat
it is 100% efficient
most of the energy in a trophic level transfers to the next
it moves from consumers to producers to decomposers
36
The chemical reaction is the opposite of photosynthesis?
decomposition
breathing
chemosynthesis
cellular respiration
37
A series of predictable events in a community structure over time is ...
succession
climax community
adaptation
evolution
38
2 species cannot occupy the same niche at same place and time due to the principle of...
competitive exclusion
commensalism
mutualism
resource partitioning
39
Wolves are locally extinct in Indiana. They are...
extirpated
speciated
evolved
extinct
40
If 1,000 calories are available in the first trophic level, how many will be in the next?
1
10
10,000
100
41
Which of the following organisms is often a pioneer species?
grass
spruce trees
ferns
lichen
42
Exotic species that are aggressive competitors and out compete other species
native
invasive
epiphytes
domestic
43
A field is burned. What kind of succession will take place?
secondary
none
primary
tertiary
44
An organism's use of resources and functional role in a community is called...
commensalism
niche
habitat
predation
45
How are a detritivore and a decomposer different?
they are the same thing
one is a consumer, one a producer
One eats dead things, one only absorbs & decomposes
one eats soil, one eats fungi
46
The process by which new species are generated is called...
natural selection
speciation
adaptation
extinction
47
Why is secondary succession faster than primary succession?
because primary succession starts from "scratch"
because it is the second time for that same disturbance
because seeds and soil are already present to being again
because the community is used to fixing itself
48
What must be the foundation of all food chains and trophic pyramids?
scavengers
decomposers
producers
consumers
49
Which is NOT a mechanism for biological evolution?
inheritance of acquired traits
mutation
genetic drift
natural selection
50
Which is a climax community?
prairie
mature forest
wetland marsh
corn field
