Judicial Branch Vocabulary

there are 11 numbered circuits & D.C. and one US who has nationwide jurisdiction

a determination made by a court without a full trial

laws based on the Constitution and on Supreme Court decisions interpreting the Constitution

there are 9 of these at the highest Supreme Court level

official proclamation by a judge/panel of judges defines the legal relationships b/w parties

explains the reasoning that led to the decision

the extent of authority that court has to hear and decide a case that has properly been brought

the power to review decisions made by lower courts

the authority of a court to hear and decide a case for the FIRST time

hear all civil and criminal cases-from small claims to superior court cases

Power allows courts to decide whether a law/presidential action is in agreement w/ the Constit.

an order by a higher court directing a lower court...to send the record in a case for review

When judges follow the same earlier decision when considering new cases

principal judge of the Supreme Court

The highest court in the land

decisions of the judiciary should be impartial & not subject to influence from other branches

trial courts w/ original jurisdiction

the next level of courts after the district courts with appellate jurisdiction

a process where a person asks a higher court to review the result of the trial

this case promoted the idea of judicial review for the first time in 1803