What is a component of RNA-seq?

Reverse transcription and sequencing

What is the role of LMNA gene in progeria?

Encodes nuclear envelope protein

What is the primary feature of epigenetic regulation?

Modifications affecting expression

What is attenuation in transcription?

Prematurely terminate transcription

What is the role of FACT in transcription?

Facilitate nucleosome remodeling

What is the function of activators?

Help recruit transcription factors, Recruit RNA polymerase

What role does the mediator play?

Helps RNA polymerase escape, Facilitates binding of factors

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Molecular Biology Basics

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Explore fundamental concepts and mechanisms in molecular biology with this quiz

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Questions 32

Answers

1
What happens when region 2 of trp operon is deleted?
Early termination always
Late termination always
Late termination with Trp
Late termination without Trp
2
How does RT-PCR show splicing?
Measuring total RNA amount
Detecting mature mRNA
Visualizing introns in mRNA
Determining ribosome binding sites
3
What happens to epigenetic marks during division?
Inherited to daughter cells
Erased during mitosis
Randomly altered
Prevent cell division
4
What is added to the 5' end of mRNA?
Methylated guanine nucleotide
PolyA tail
An amino acid
Ribose sugar
5
How does methylation contribute to silencing?
Recruit DNA repair proteins
Prevent activators binding
Facilitate histone acetylation
Destabilize mRNA transcript
6
What is uniparental disomy?
Both copies from one parent
Mutations in both chromosomes
Single parent contributes all
Deletion in one chromosome
7
What can we learn about aging from progeria?
Only telomere shortening matters
Aging can be reversed
Aging is purely genetic
Role of nuclear envelope
8
How is an intron lariat formed?
Loop at branch A nucleotide
Ligation of exon ends
Chemical modification of exon
Binding of spliceosome proteins
9
What happens if spliceosome starts splicing in exon?
Final mRNA truncated
mRNA unstable and degraded
New exon included in mRNA
Intron remains in mRNA
10
What is a feature of alternative splicing?
Includes all exons
Occurs only in prokaryotes
Different mRNA isoforms
Prevents mRNA degradation
11
What is X-inactivation?
Occurs only in males
Reduces number of X chromosomes
Silence one X chromosome
Activates X chromosome in males
12
What describes the lac operon in low glucose?
Operon fully transcribed
CAP bound to promoter
Lac repressor bound
RNA polymerase binds strongly
13
What is a component of RNA-seq?
Amplification of mRNA
Reverse transcription and sequencing
Protein synthesis
Cloning of genes
14
What is the role of LMNA gene in progeria?
Produces DNA repair protein
Regulates mitochondrial function
Encodes nuclear envelope protein
Involved in telomere elongation
15
What does a DNA-binding site look like?
Far from promoter
Random nucleotide sequence
Palindromic sequence
Only A-T base pairs
16
What is the role of cryptic splice sites?
Form mutant LMNA protein
Cause normal splicing
Activate gene expression
Suppress the mutation
17
What does a footprinting assay reveal?
Rate of mRNA degradation
Binding location of factors
Structure of RNA
Concentration of RNA polymerase
18
What is the primary feature of epigenetic regulation?
Protein-protein interactions
DNA sequence mutations
Modifications affecting expression
Changes in ribosome activity
19
What is attenuation in transcription?
Prematurely terminate transcription
Increase protein synthesis
Activate repressor proteins
Enhance transcription speed
20
What sequence is involved in the 5' splice site?
Conserved AG sequence
Branch site nucleotide
Conserved GU sequence
PolyA signal
21
What is the function of the operator?
Site for CAP binding
Where RNA polymerase binds
Binds lac repressor
Involved in termination
22
What is the role of histone acetylation?
Binds DNA tightly to histones
Permanently silences genes
Facilitates gene expression
Promotes heterochromatin
23
What is the role of Tsix gene?
Helps in DNA replication
Promotes silencing of X
Activates expression of X
Helps X escape inactivation
24
What is the role of FACT in transcription?
Stop premature termination
Assist RNA polymerase binding
Facilitate nucleosome remodeling
Enhance mRNA capping
25
What is the role of Xist in X-inactivation?
Triggers silencing of X
Activates transcription on X
Promotes escape from inactivation
Stabilizes X chromosome
26
What is imprinting in epigenetics?
Silencing from one parent
Modification by alternative splicing
Involves RNA interference
Random mutation in DNA
27
How does RT-PCR show cryptic splice sites?
Identify new exons
Measure protein levels
Compare ribosomal activity
Detect truncated mRNA
28
What is the function of the TATA box?
Directs TBP binding
Stabilizes mRNA transcript
Enhances mRNA splicing
Binds RNA polymerase
29
What happens if spliceosome mistakes 3' splice site?
mRNA truncated
Exon excluded from mRNA
mRNA includes additional intron
New exon included in mRNA
30
What is the function of activators?
Silence gene expression
Help recruit transcription factors
Bind to ribosome
Recruit RNA polymerase
31
What causes Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome?
Mutation in telomerase gene
Deletion of LMNA gene
Mutation in LMNA gene
Chromosomal duplication of LMNA
32
What role does the mediator play?
Helps RNA polymerase escape
Degrades mRNA after transcription
Facilitates binding of factors
Prevents mRNA processing

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