Traits that have evolved due to sexual selection, such as horns, antlers, and bright plumage, are known as

Secondary sexual characteristics

All of the following are true about hypotheses EXCEPT...

They can be proven to be true or false

What was the first adaptation seen in fossil evidence of the human lineage?

Downward oriented foramen magnum

What is ecological footprint?

The amount land/water needed to provide resources for a person/population

The presence of differences between males and females within a species is called

Secondary sexual characteristics, Sexual dimorphism

studbud

1060 Exam 1

87 termsStudBud Administration52 plays

Covers material for Exam 1: -Intro to Environment, Ecology, and Evolution -The Scientific Method -Intro to Evolution and Speciation -Mechanisms of Evolution -Adaptation, Convergence, and Coevolution

Flashcards87 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 87

Answers

1
Genetic incompatibility is an example of a
pre-zygotic isolating barrier
pre-mating isolation barrier
post-zygotic isolating barrier
2
An individual, offspring, or sex cells leave an old population/enter a new population, taking or bringing its alleles
Founder effect
Speciation
Gene flow
Bottleneck effect
3
Traits that are shared by a group of related species because their common ancestor also had this trait are called
Selective pressures
Convergence
Synapomorphies
Coincidence
4
Prevention of fertilization of an egg is an example of a
pre-mating isolation barrier
post-zygotic isolating barrier
pre-zygotic isolating barrier
5
Fitness is the ability to
Survive AND reproduce
Survive
Reproduce
Be super strong
6
Where does genetic variation arise from?
It is inherent to a population
Mistakes in DNA
7
Assortative mating leads to more
homozygotes
heterozygotes
8
What is the environment?
All of the living things around us
Natural and manmade elements
All answers are correct!
The continents, oceans, clouds, ice caps, plants, animals, and landscapes
9
Who proposed that organisms are driven to complexity and evolve based on desire?
Alfred Russell Wallace
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Carl Linneaus
Charles Darwin
10
What is a requirement for genetic drift to take place?
Emigration
Catastrophic event
Allele exchange
Small population
11
Human-driven selection is known as
Domestication selection
Sexual selection
Natural selection
Artificial selection
12
Adaptations are the result of natural selection
True
False
13
The alleles you have is called your
Genotype
Phenotype
14
New adaptations that allow organisms to access a new environment or resource are called
Fitness
Mate choice
Key innovations
Miracle adaptations
15
A mistake in copying DNA is called
Mutation
Cancer
An oopsie
Mitosis
16
Inherited traits that allow an individual to outcompete those without the trait are called
Adaptations
Convergence
Coevolution
Fitness
17
A population with a large distribution, where far ends of the population wrap around an obstruction and meet leads to
Genetic drift
Ring species
Key innovations
One large population
18
Who was a naturalist that came up with a way to classify organisms (a system of taxonomy)?
Alfred Russell Wallace
Charles Darwin
Carl Linneaus
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
19
Who developed a mechanism for evolution after many years observing organisms, including those in the Galapagos?
Charles Darwin
Carl Linneaus
Alfred Russell Wallace
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
20
Evolution is defined as a change in allele frequency in a(n) ____________....
Animal
Individual
Population
Species
21
The study of life is known as
Sustainability
Biology
Ecology
Environmental Science
22
Traits that have evolved due to sexual selection, such as horns, antlers, and bright plumage, are known as
Secondary sexual characteristics
Intrasexual selection
Sexual dimorphism
Intersexual selection
23
What must be present for evolution to take place?
Variation
Large population
Speciation
Animals
24
Females inspecting males for quality before deciding to mate is an example of
Natural selection
Territoriality
Intrasexual selection
Mate choice
25
Antagonistic relationships, such as the relationship between parasites and hosts, are examples of coevolution.
False
True
26
An overarching set of many hypotheses that best explain a major phenomenon of the natural world is known as
A theory
A hypothesis
Pretty sweet
Science
27
All of the following are true about hypotheses EXCEPT...
They answer your question
They are testable
They are statements
They can be proven to be true or false
28
The parent with the most parental investment tends to be the less choosy parent
False
True
29
If your results support your hypothesis, which step should you go back to in the Scientific Method?
Hypothesis
Prediction
Observation
Question
30
____________ is living within our planet’s means by using resources in a way that prevents their depletion.
Evolution
Sustainability
Environmentalism
Preservation
31
The study of biological interactions is called
Preservation
Environmental science
Ecology
Biology
32
Using natural resources but managing them wisely (using them sustainably) is called
Conservation
Preservation
Environmentalism
Sustainability
33
If your results reject your hypothesis, which step should you go back to in the Scientific Method?
Hypothesis
Question
Prediction
Observation
34
Tool use is an adaptation
True
False
35
Substances and energy sources from the environment that we need to survive are called
Natural capital
Adaptations
Natural resources
Environments
36
What was the first adaptation seen in fossil evidence of the human lineage?
Muscle attachment sites in pelvis
Increased cranial volume
Arched feet
Downward oriented foramen magnum
37
The time and energy a parent puts into producing and raising offspring is called
Mate choice
Intrasexual selection
Parental investment
Sexual dimorphism
38
What is ecological footprint?
The number of species that once lived in an area
The amount land/water needed to provide resources for a person/population
The mark left by an animal in the ground where they walked
How many people the earth can support
39
A type of mating where individuals mate with others that are phenotypically similar to themselves
Mate choice
Disassortative mating
Random mating
Assortative mating
40
What is the most common isolating barrier?
Allopatry
Sympatry
Courtship requirements
Genetic incompatibilities
41
The presence of differences between males and females within a species is called
Intersexual selection
Secondary sexual characteristics
Sexual dimorphism
Intrasexual selection
42
Disassortative mating leads to more
homozygotes
heterozygotes
43
A small subset of a population (a group of “founders”) leaves to found a new population
Founder effect
Gene flow
Bottleneck effect
Natural selection
44
Evolution is defined as a change in _____________ ...
appearance
genetics
behavior
allele frequency
45
bb is
homozygous recessive
heterozygous
homozygous dominant
46
A test of your hypothesis is called
Prediction
Hypothesis
Experiment
Conclusion
47
Evolutionary mechanism where the environment determines fitness, and traits that increase fitness become more common
Genetic drift
Artificial selection
Gene flow
Natural selection
48
Reciprocal evolutionary change between interacting species that is driven by natural selection is known as
Convergent evolution
Coevolution
Speciation
Adaptation
49
Adaptations increase fitness
False
True
50
Species of humans, our ancestors, and our close relatives are known as
Hominins
Monkeys
Invertebrates
Homo sapiens
51
The use of water-storing stems and short spines of cacti and spurges is an example of convergent evolution.
False
True
52
The process by which coevolution leads to genetic differences between populations is called
Diversifying coevolution
Genetic drift
Convergence
Sexual selection
53
Resources that do not take a long time to replenish are called
Natural capital
Pretty cool
Nonrenewable resources
Renewable resources
54
Protecting the environment in an unaltered state is called
Preservation
Environmentalism
Sustainability
Conservation
55
The relationship between plants and insect herbivores is an example of coevolutionary escalation.
False
True
56
Which of the following is NOT a requiremnt for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
No mutation
No gene flow
Small population
Random mating
57
BB is
homozygous recessive
heterozygous
homozygous dominant
58
The presence of similar traits that evolved independently in seperate lineages is known as
Adapatiation
Coevolution
Speciation
Convergent evolution
59
Any causes that can affect fitness by reducing ability to survive or reproduce that lead to convergence are called
Synapomorphies
Key innovations
Selective pressues
Convergence
60
Speciation in populations that are NOT geographically seperated is called
Sympatric speciation
Friendly speciation
Allopatric speciation
Spatial speciation
61
__________ prevent the sharing of alleles and therefore drive the process of speciation
Isolating barriers
Genetic drift
Predators
Territorial males
62
Bb is
homozygous dominant
heterozygous
homozygous recessive
63
Non-primate animals can build and use tools.
True
False
64
An allele represented with a capital letter that can mask other alleles is called
Dominant
Recessive
65
When individuals with certain genotypes mate more or less often than what would be expected from random chance alone
Nonrandom mating
Gene flow
Founder effect
Sexual selection
66
According to this definition, species are
populations capable of interbreeding and generating fertile offspring
populations of organisms that exchange alleles frequently
the smallest groups whose members descended from a common ancestor
any type of plant, animal, or fungus
67
What is the best way to ask an interesting question in the Scientific Method?
Interpret what you see
Try to explain the observation
Look for patterns
Ask the obvious
68
The presence of paddle-like fins in sharks and tuna are an example of convergent evolution.
False
True
69
The social movement dedicated to protecting the natural world from undesirable changes due to human actions is called
Conservation
Environmentalism
Sustainability
Environmental science
70
The evolutionary process by which new species arise is called
Variation
Conservation
Mutation
Speciation
71
Plant-pollinator relationships, such as Wallace's sphinx moth and the star orchid, are examples of coevolution
True
False
72
Surviving individuals of a catastrophic event pass on only their alleles to the recovering population
Bottleneck effect
Gene flow
Founder effect
Natural selection
73
Competition between members of the same sex is called
Mate choice
Sexual dimorphism
Intrasexual selection
Intersexual selection
74
What is the first step of the Scientific Method?
Observation
Question
Hypothesis
Prediction
75
The factor that the experimenter manipulates to test their hypothesis is called
Repeatability
Sample size
Independent variable
Dependent variable
76
Chimpanzees pass the pointing test due to their cognitive adaptations, while dogs fail.
True
False
77
A harmless species that mimics a toxic species is called
Plant-pollinator relationship
Speciation
Batesian mimicry
Antagonistic coevolution
78
Your alleles are reflected in the traits you see - this is called
Appearance
Behavior
Phenotype
Genotype
79
The study of how the natural world works, how the environment affects us, and how we affect it is known as
Environmental science
Ecology
Biology
Environmentalism
80
Speciation in geographically seperated populations is called
Island speciation
Allopatric speciation
Sympatric speciation
Isolation speciation
81
Humans first evolved larger brains and then the ability to walk upright on two legs.
False
True
82
The phenomenon where any closely related species evolved rapidly to fill empty niches in an environment is called
Adaptive radiation
Convergence
Dimorphism
Coevolution
83
Services that occur naturally from normal function of ecosystems that enable us to survive are known as
Natural resources
Sustainable actions
Ecosystem services
Environmental services
84
Communication is an adaptation
False
True
85
When one species adapts by investing in defenses, and another species adapts with counterdefenses, what is occuring?
Mate choice
Coevolutionary escalation
Convergent evolution
Speciation
86
Which species concept is considered "best" by most evolutionary biologists?
Phylogenetic species concept
Biological species concept
General lineage species concept
87
Defense of a portion of an animal's home range for exclusive use of its resources is known as
Coevolution
Intersexual selection
Mate choice
Territoriality

1060 Exam 1 Flashcards | StudBud