Which of the following properties of water enables it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?

Water exhibits cohesive behavior.

Which explains why cells containing mitochondria-like organelles had an evolutionary advantage? (theory endosymbiosis)

They were able to make more use of available energy

How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?

Sexual reproduction requires 2 parents; asexual reproduction requires one

Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram?

The organisms share a common ancestry.

Humans can impact the environment in many ways, including changing the dynamics of ecosystems with new speices.

Pythons may prey on native organisms and cause native population to decline

Which of the following is NOT part of Darwin's observations that describes the mechanisms of natural selection?

Disease and natural disaster will limit population growth

When an environment has reached its carrying capacity for a certain population, which of the following is true?

Growth and immigration rate is equal to death and emigration rate.

What function does ATP carry out in living things?

Used to capture and transfer energy

A boy inherits a recessive allele from his mom. When would he likely show the trait coded for by the recessive allele?

The allele is on the X chromosome

Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood? (A and B are codominant; O is recessive)

One parent with heterozygous type A; the other parent with type O blood

How does comparing the skeletons of these animals below provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?

It shows possible common ancestry between organisms based on structures

Read the experiement pictured below. Which is the best conclusion for this experiment?

High acidity is harmful to this type of plant

Which statement can be inferred from the evolutionary tree?

Species 5 is most closely related to Species 6.

What are the possible phenotypes if crossing a black rabbit that carries Himalayan x light grey Himalayan carrier?

50% black; 25% Himalayan; 25% light grey

At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?

Before division; provide two cells with a complete set of DNA instructions

Drinking alcoholic beverages is harmful to the development of a fetus. Why is more damage done early in pregnancy?

Many of the essential organs of the fetus are forming.

Read the experiment carefully. Which of the following conclusions is supported by the graph below?

Infection in embanked ponds increased during the sampling period

Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of new scientific knowledge?

Cells form through spontaneous generation

Which of the following describes the most likely impact of desalination on the surrounding ocean environment?

Ocean salt levels would cause loss of species & imbalanced marine food webs

pH of water in some lakes in Norway decreased below 5 due to more acid rain. Which will most likely happen in the lake?

Decline of several fish populations

Which best explains the difference in the amount of available energy in the trophic levels of the desert ecosystem?

There's less energy in the 4th level due to metabolism at all levels below

Which of the following best illustrates natural selection?

Favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and be passed on

Several types of white blood cells perform specific roles in the human immune system.

They engulf and destroy bacteria.

Using the diagram below, choose which statement describes how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interrelated?

Carbon dioxide and water released by CR are used in photosynthesis

Use the graph below to examine the population of mullet fish and answer the question.

The amount of aquatic plants in the area decreased

After an initial infection, B-cells recognize the measles virus. How is this helpful in human immune response?

B-cells produce antibodies quickly if there is contact with measles again

Humans can impact the environment in farming practices. Read and answer the question below.

Algae use up oxygen to decompose, reducing the amount for otherorganisms

Leaves play a fundamental role for plants that have them.

Gases for photosynthesis are exchanged through the surface of the leaf

Which of the following are abiotic factors that shape ecosystems?

Wind, precipitation, and soil type

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Biology EOC Review Wells

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EOC practice questions from ESCAMBIA practice test. (Best practice option)

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Questions 95

Answers

1
Which of the following properties of water enables it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
Water expands as it freezes.
Water exhibits cohesive behavior.
Water is able to moderate temperature.
Water is an excellent solvent.
2
Which explains why cells containing mitochondria-like organelles had an evolutionary advantage? (theory endosymbiosis)
They were able to photosynthesize
They were able to make more use of available energy
They were immune to bacterial invasion
They had more DNA
3
How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?
Mutation rates are lower in sexual reproduction than asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction requires 2 parents; asexual reproduction requires one
Asexual reproduction occurs only in multicellular organism
Asexual reproduction requires 2 parents; sexual reproduction requires one
4
Plant cells that are specialized for cell division (meristematic) are most likely found in what part of the plant?
Vascular tissue
Stem epidermis
Leaf epidermis
Root tips
5
Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram?
The organisms belong to the same genus.
The organisms share a common ancestry.
The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.
The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.
6
Humans can impact the environment in many ways, including changing the dynamics of ecosystems with new speices.
Pythons may interbreed with native snakes producing successful a species
Pythons may prey on native organisms and cause native population to decline
Pythons could upset the territorial boundaries of native organisms
Pythons could adapt to overcome diseases common to native snakes
7
This diagram shows a pedigree for a recessive genetic disorder. What is the genotype of individual 6?
XHXH
XHXh
XHY
XhY
8
What is the term for a strong response or overraction by the body to a harmless antigen in the environment?
An allergy
An autoimmune disease
Cell-mediated immunity
Inflammatory response
9
Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
Nucleus - storage of nutrients
Ribosome - protein synthesis
Vacuole - cell division
Mitochondrion - movement
10
Plants play several important roles in biogeochemical cycles. One such role involves the water cycle.
Condensation
Precipitation
Capillary action
Evaporation
11
Which of the following is NOT part of Darwin's observations that describes the mechanisms of natural selection?
Organisms with advantages will survive and reproduce
Species today descended with modifications from ancestral species
Disease and natural disaster will limit population growth
Organisms produce more offspring than can survive
12
When an environment has reached its carrying capacity for a certain population, which of the following is true?
Growth and immigration rate is greater than death and emigration rate.
Growth rate is exponential.
Growth and immigration rate is equal to death and emigration rate.
Growth and immigration rate is less than death and emigration rate.
13
What function does ATP carry out in living things?
Used to capture and transfer energy
Identifies DNA start sequences for transcription
Aids in protein folding and coiling
Helps maintain the fluidity of cell membranes
14
A boy inherits a recessive allele from his mom. When would he likely show the trait coded for by the recessive allele?
The baby inherits the dominant allele from his father
The allele is on the Y chromosome
The allele is on an autosomal chromosome and the baby is a twin
The allele is on the X chromosome
15
Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood? (A and B are codominant; O is recessive)
One parent with type AB blood and the other parent with type O blood
One parent with heterozygous type A; the other parent with type O blood
One parent with type AB blood, and the other parent with type A blood
One parent with homozygous type A; the other parent with homozygous type B
16
Which processes are involved in the cycling of carbon within an environment?
Diffusion and transpiration
Transcription and translation
Evaporation and condensation
Photosynthesis and respiration
17
How does comparing the skeletons of these animals below provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?
It provides information about the organisms' habitats
It provides information to determine the organisms' ages
It shows possible common ancestry between organisms based on structures
It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms
18
Using the information in the chart, what color coat would a rabbit have if their genotype was C^chc?
Light grey
Black
Albino
Himalayan
19
Read the experiement pictured below. Which is the best conclusion for this experiment?
Low acidity is harmful to this type of plant
Acid has no effect on the health of this type of plant
High acidity is harmful to this type of plant
High acidity is helpful to this type of plant
20
The enzyme lactase will break down the sugar lactose into which of the following components?
Monosaccharides
Amino acids
Nucleic acids
Phospholipids
21
Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
4
1
3
2
22
Which statement can be inferred from the evolutionary tree?
Species 1 is most closely related to Species 8.
Species 2 is most closely related to Species 3.
Species 5 is most closely related to Species 6.
Species 3 is most closely related to Species 7.
23
What are the possible phenotypes if crossing a black rabbit that carries Himalayan x light grey Himalayan carrier?
75% black; 25% Himalayan
25% Himalayan; 25% chinchilla; 50% light grey
50% black; 25% Himalayan; 25% light grey
50% light grey; 50% black
24
At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?
During cell division; ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells
After division; provide two cells with a complete set of DNA instructions
Before division; ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells
Before division; provide two cells with a complete set of DNA instructions
25
Drinking alcoholic beverages is harmful to the development of a fetus. Why is more damage done early in pregnancy?
Alcohol can easily enter the mouth of the fetus.
Many of the essential organs of the fetus are forming.
The lungs of the fetus become functional.
The fetus cannot excrete wastes.
26
Read the experiment carefully. Which of the following conclusions is supported by the graph below?
Infection in creed-fed ponds remained constant through the sampling period
Protozoans reproduce more quickly in embanked ponds than creek-fed ponds
Protozoans were more common in creek-fed ponds than embanked ponds
Infection in embanked ponds increased during the sampling period
27
In living cells, enzymes act as catalysts, reducing the amount of activation energy required for a chemical reactions.
D
C
A
B
28
Removing which group would cause an immediate decrease in the amount of energy & nutrients flowing through the system?
Inorganic nutrients
Decomposers
Producers
Consumers
29
Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of new scientific knowledge?
Cells form through spontaneous generation
All cells come from other preexisting cells.
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life
All living things are made of cells.
30
Cell membranes of red blood cells allow water, oxygen, & CO₂ to pass, but other substances are blocked from entering.
Semi-permeable
Perforated
Non-conductive
Permeable
31
The sequence of DNA below is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this segment?
20
8
4
12
32
Which of the following describes the most likely impact of desalination on the surrounding ocean environment?
Increased salts/ minerals would result in overpopulation ofmarine bivales
Methane gas would pollute the ocean as shoreline organisms begin to die
Ocean salt levels would cause loss of species & imbalanced marine food webs
Nonrenewable resources in the ocean would be depleted & upset the ecosystem
33
Water is called the universal solvent, because many substances dissolve in water. What property of water allows this?
Polarity and cohesion
Purity
Expansion upon freezing
High heat capacity
34
pH of water in some lakes in Norway decreased below 5 due to more acid rain. Which will most likely happen in the lake?
Increase in numbers of fish
Increase in the amount of primary producers
Decline of several fish populations
Increased predator-prey relationships
35
Which best explains the difference in the amount of available energy in the trophic levels of the desert ecosystem?
Birds of prey have more energy as they can store it in dense muscle mass
Less energy is available to producers because their tissues are less dense
There is more energy in the 2nd tropic level due to less energy for hunting
There's less energy in the 4th level due to metabolism at all levels below
36
Which of the following best illustrates natural selection?
Only the largest members of a speices receives breeding opportunities
Favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and be passed on
All members of a community work to share existing natural resources
Monopolization of all the resource in a habitat forcing other speices out
37
Several types of white blood cells perform specific roles in the human immune system.
They produce antibodies.
They bind to antigens and develop into plasma cells.
They engulf and destroy bacteria.
They form a barrier against pathogens.
38
Using the diagram below, choose which statement describes how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interrelated?
Oxygen is produced during CR and stored during photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide and water released by CR are used in photosynthesis
Photosynthesis releases the energy that is stored during the process of CR
Glucose is used during CR to make food that is broken down duringphotosyn
39
Use the graph below to examine the population of mullet fish and answer the question.
The temperature of the area increased
The amount of aquatic plants in the area decreased
Mullet prey increased in the area
Mullet parasites decreased in the area
40
Which row in the chart below indicates the correct process for each event indicated?
Row 3
Row 1
Row 4
Row 2
41
Which of the following is true of a zygote?
It produces haploid male gametophytes
It is made up of only one cell
It is an unfertilized egg
It forms into a blastocyst
42
After an initial infection, B-cells recognize the measles virus. How is this helpful in human immune response?
B-cells quickly recognize & respond to any other virus indvading the body
B-cells produce antibodies quickly if there is contact with measles again
B-cells transfer this recognition to T-cells to devour the viruses
B-cells use recognition to defend the body against other types of pathogens
43
The relationship between photosynthesis & cellular respiration is shown below. The numbered boxes represent what?
1 - oxygen; 2 - carbon dioxide
1 - carbon dioxide; 2 - water
1 - nitrogen; 2 - oxygen
1 - water; 2 - nitrogen
44
What is the body's first line of defense against infection by foreign organisms?
Antibodies
White blood cells
Skin
Lymph nodes
45
Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth?
Eukaryotic and anaerobic
Prokaryotic and aerobic
Eukaryotic and aerobic
Prokaryotic and anaerobic
46
What information about the organisms best helps the scientists to determine the evolutionary relationships among them?
Habitat types
Anatomical features
Reproductive Strategies
DNA sequences
47
Humans can impact the environment in farming practices. Read and answer the question below.
Algae use up oxygen to decompose, reducing the amount for otherorganisms
Extra nitrogen provides more food for organisms, increasing theirpopulation
The water becomes better able to support aerobic organisms
Algae provide food for fish & organisms, causing decreased algaepopulations
48
Leaves play a fundamental role for plants that have them.
CO2 enters through the surface of the leaf for cellular reproduction
Water enters the plant through the surface of the leaf for transpiration
Energy for cellular reproduction is absorbed through the surface of leaves
Gases for photosynthesis are exchanged through the surface of the leaf
49
Which of the following is a limiting factor in a population of organisms.
Life spans of the members
Availability of food
Fluctuations in atmospheric temperature
Reproductive replacement
50
Due to independent assortment, what is the possible genetic make-up of gametes produced by this organism?
ST, St, sT, st
Ss, Tt
S, s, T, t
SsTt
51
Which of the following are abiotic factors that shape ecosystems?
Wind, precipitation, and soil type
Worms, plants and temperature
Niches, trees, and bacteria
Sunlight, mushrooms, and wind
52
Read the passage below, and answer the question relating to the theory of the origin of life on Earth.
No other alternative hypotheses have been introduced
Organic molecules are present today in extremely high concentrations
Amino acids spontaneously form from molecules in the atmosphere today
Successful labs modeled synthesizing organic molecules from a mix of gases
53
Which technology would probably be the most important to a person who had diabetes and had to take insulin every day?
Using recombinant DNA to produce human hormones from bacteria
Testing parents for genetic disorders before they have children
Engineering fruits and vegetables that resist insects and other pests
Developing ways to identify criminals through DNA fingerprinting
54
Which statement below most closely explains the link between jaw size and hominid evolution?
Jaws of hominids evolved to be smaller and less protruding over time
Jaws of hominids evolved to be larger and more protruding over time
The jaws of hominids changed over time due to a change in brain size
There appears to be no change in the jaws of hominids over time
55
Read the short paragraph below. What does the information show?
Precipitation helps to break down pesticides.
Decisions of one human generation may have an impact on future generations.
DDT and other pesticides cause glacier runoff during the summer
It takes humans over 50 years to analyze a glacier.
56
Which of these best completes this concept map shown below?
Plant Cell
Virus
Prokaryotic Cell
Animal Cell
57
Glucose is too large to pass through the cell membrane, but is needed for ATP production. How does it get into a cell?
Passive transport by diffusion
Phagocytosis
Passive transport by osmosis
Active transport using ATP and carrier proteins
58
Read the following passage. Which component is missing from Carmen’s experiment?
Hypothesis
Question
Control group
Description of the experiement
59
Classify a compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom.
Nucleic Acid
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
60
The presence of wastes, like plastic bags & motor oil, in lakes & streams miles away from developed areas suggests that
Natural processes can alter ecosystem stability
Recycling programs have failed to conserve biotic resources
Ecosystems are interconnected & human actions alter ecosystem equilibrium
Direct harvesting has led to irreversible destruction of ecosystems
61
The table below lists the traits for fruit color where allele R exhibits incomplete dominance over allele R'.
75%
50%
100%
25%
62
Humans impact the environment in a number of ways. Read the passage below and answer the question.
Whale populations can't recovering as quickly as they could if all stopped
Whales are getting better at avoiding capture.
Whale populations have mutated into new kinds of organisms
Whale populations are rebounding & are unaffected by Japan & Norway hunting
63
Which species is most closely related to species L?
Species G
Species I
Species F
Species E
64
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy
Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces CO2
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP
65
An activity that occurs in the human body is shown below. This activity helps to do which of the following?
Provide protection against pathogens
Regulate production of ATP by the cell
Produce antibiotics to control disease
Eliminate harmful gene alterations
66
Which invention from the 17th century allowed for the development of modern cell theory?
X-rays
Computers
The light microscope
The scanning electron microscope
67
Which of the following describes a way that a person's health can be affected by heredity?
A person with a family history of cancer is less likely to be screened
A person with a family history of obesity is more likely to catch a cold
A person with a family history of high blood pressure having heart disease
A person with a family history of obesity less likely to try weight loss
68
Under the theory, origin of life on Earth (chemical evolution) which event would need to occur first for life to evolve?
Onset of photosynthesis
Synthesis of organic molecules
Origin of genetic material
Formation of the plasma membrane
69
Which conclusion can be made from the observations in the experiment below?
Only species Y is aerobic.
Only species Y is anaerobic.
Both species X and Y are anaerobic.
Both species X and Y are aerobic.
70
Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Mitochondrian
Ribosome
Nucleus
Lysosomes
71
New fuels being produced by converting corn/grass into compounds w/ alcohols, brake down as energy in engines. Purpose?
Increase the rate of air pollution.
Reduce the rate of homeostasis in organisms.
Reduce the use of nonrenewable resources.
Cause a loss of biodiversity in the rain forests.
72
Which of the following describes fertilization?
A sperm joining an egg to form a zygote
Cell differentiation to form a blastula
Sperm and egg production
Formation of germ layers in a deuterostome
73
Some genetic traits are coded for by many different alleles at several different loci across chromosomes.
AabbCC
aaBbcc
AAbbCC
AaBBCc
74
Species with greater genetic diversity tend to adapt more easily to changing environments.
False
True
75
Why are there so few aquatic plants and phytoplankton that live at the bottom zones in the ocean?
Most sunlight is absorbed before reaching these levels.
The ocean floor contains many decomposers.
Water is a limiting factor.
The temperature in these zones is extremely low.
76
Which of the following describes an event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?
Four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell
Two stages of cell division
Replication of cellular genetic material
Daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
77
Which of the following characteristics is found only in organisms classified in the kingdom fungi?
Multicellular with chloroplasts
Single cells without a nucleus
Colonies of single, photosynthetic cells that reproduce asexually
Multicellular filaments that absorb nutrients
78
Several types of evidence support the theory of evolution. Read the passage below and answer the question.
Inbreeding
Migration
Commensalism
Evolution by natural selection
79
A plant species lives in an area with limited sunlight. Which physiological adaptation would be most useful?
Colorful flowers
Deep roots
Large leaves
Thin cuticle
80
What is the name of this cellular process that occurs in organisms?
Endocytosis
Meiosis
Phagocytosis
Mitosis
81
Man-made antibiotics represented a huge leap foward in life-saving medicial advancements when used properly.
Antibiotics should no longer be used.
Antibiotics should be made available to anyone without a prescription.
Anti-viral medications should now be used instead of antibiotics.
Antibiotics should only be prescribed to people with bacterial infections.
82
A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water. Why does the swelling decrease?
Water in the gums moves out due to the high concentration salt solution
Swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution.
Saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums
Salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient
83
A diagram of a cellular process is shown below. Which of the following identifies the process shown at point Z?
Translation
Transcription
Translocation
Replication
84
A new predator of the Marmot is introduced, which population will most likely increase as a result?
Grass
Chipmunk
Berries
Grizzly Bear
85
Complete burning of plant material (combustion) returns carbon primarily to the ___________.
Herbivores
Vegetation
Atmosphere
Water
86
Changing environments prevent species from adapting and surviving.
True
False
87
Which characteristic do most plants have in common?
They are autotrophic
They are prokaryotic
They are unicellular
They produce seeds
88
What is the human embryo called after the eighth week of development?
A morula
An infant
A zygote
A fetus
89
Biotechnology allows humans to manipulate the DNA in plants and animals. Farmers are growing more GMO foods today.
A decrease in genetic diversity of the crops
An increase in the use of pesticides
An increase in the contamination of the water supply
A decrease in crop productivity
90
Due to humans, many invasive species have been introduced into new habitats.
The possum population grew to a larger size.
The possums developed shorter life spans.
The possum population evolved into a different species.
The possums became extinct.
91
Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?
Archaea
Bacteria
Both plant and animal cells
Only animal cells
92
Read and answer the question below.
UUU codes for the amino acid phenylalanine
Most proteins contain only one type of amino acid
Protein synthesis malfunctions in test tubes
The amino acid phenylalanine is composed of uracil
93
A diagram of a food web is shown below. Which organism receives the least amount of energy from the producers?
Mouse
Rabit
Hawk
Lizard
94
Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?
Movement of transfer RNA out of the nucleus
Insertion of a nucleotide into DNA
Placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
Release of messenger RNA from DNA
95
If the xylem in a young tree is damaged, which process is affected?
Transporting sugar from the leaves to the roots
Repairing damage to tissue
Performing photosynthesis
Transporting water from the roots to the leaves

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