Introns are noncoding regions of DNA molecules

Which of the following would you predict to be true about an organism that happens to live in cold environments?

Their membranes will have more unsaturated hydrocarbon tails.

Ribosomes can attach to prokaryotic messenger RNA _____.

before transcription is complete

In the process of transcription, _____.

RNA is synthesized using DNA as the template

Steroids are considered to be lipids because they...

Are not soluble in water (lipid-soluble)

If a student inserts a mRNA molecule into a eukaryotic cell after they has removed its 5`methyl cap and poly-A tail then

The mRNA is digested by enzymes since it's not protected by a poly-A tail

In a plant cell, DNA may be found _____.

in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

ER → Golgi → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

Both translation and transcription occur in the...

Depends on which cell type is mentioned (Eukaroytes vs. Prokaryotes)

How does DNA code for proteins?

Nitrogenous base order of DNA has information needed to code for proteins

In what way does the lack of membrane-bound organelles in bacteria affect transcription and translation?

Transcription and translation can occur simultaneously

What is the function of the nuclear pore complex found in eukaryotes?

Regulates the movement of proteins and RNAs into and out of the nucleus.

Under what circumstances does membrane transport require energy?

Whenever a solute is moved against its electrochemical gradient

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Questions 28

Answers

1
Which of the following is a form of active transport?
Osmosis
None of these are correct
Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
2
Phospholipids and fats both...
Contain serine or some other organic compound
have a phosphate
have a glycerol backbone
have three fatty acids
3
What are introns?
Introns are repeating portions of DNA that occur at the tips of chromosomes
Introns are noncoding regions of DNA molecules
Introns are coding regions of DNA molecules
Introns are enzymes used to splice DNA
4
Which of the following would you predict to be true about an organism that happens to live in cold environments?
Their membranes will have longer hydrocarbon tails.
Their membranes will have more saturated hydrocarbon tails.
None of these statements are good predictions.
Their membranes will have more unsaturated hydrocarbon tails.
5
Why are membranes so important in biology?
They regulate passage of materials (such as ions) into/out of the cell
They serve to compartmentalize the interior of the cell (eukaryotes)
They seperate the interior of cells from their environment
All of these answers are true
6
Ribosomes can attach to prokaryotic messenger RNA _____.
once replication is complete
once the primary transcript has been released from RNA polymerase
before transcription is complete
once post-transcriptional processing is complete
7
In the process of transcription, _____.
RNA is synthesized using DNA as the template
Proteins are synthesized using mRNA as the template
mRNA attaches to ribosomes
DNA is synthesized using RNA as the template
8
Translation directly requires...
mRNA and DNA
mRNA, DNA, and rRNA
mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
mRNA, tRNA, and DNA
9
Steroids are considered to be lipids because they...
are hydrophilic compounds
Are essential components of cell membranes
Are not soluble in water (lipid-soluble)
Are made of fatty acids tails
10
According to the central dogma, what molecule should go in the blank? DNA → _____ → Proteins
mtDNA
tRNA
mRNA
rRNA
11
How would you increase the permeability of the cell membrane?
By decreasing the amount of cholesterol present in the cell membrane
By increasing the temperature
All of these are correct
By increasing the amount of unsaturated fatty acid tails
12
A triplet of bases in a template strand of DNA is 5’ AGT 3’. The corrosponding codon for the mRNA transcribed is...
3’ ACU 5’
3’ UGS 5’
5`ACU 3`
5’ TCA 3’
13
If a student inserts a mRNA molecule into a eukaryotic cell after they has removed its 5`methyl cap and poly-A tail then
The mRNA is quickly converted into a ribosomal subunit.
The cell adds a new poly-A tail to the mRNA.
The mRNA is digested by enzymes since it's not protected by a poly-A tail
The mRNA attaches to a ribosome and is translated, but more slowly.
14
In a plant cell, DNA may be found _____.
in the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and lysosomes
only in the nucleus and chloroplasts
in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
only in the nucleus
15
What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?
nucleus → ER → Golgi
Golgi → ER → lysosome
ER → Golgi → nucleus
ER → Golgi → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
16
DNA is directly used as the template for all except which of the following?
Ribosomal RNA
Messenger RNA
Amino acids
Transfer RNA
17
Both translation and transcription occur in the...
Ribosome
Depends on which cell type is mentioned (Eukaroytes vs. Prokaryotes)
On the cell membrane
Nucleus
18
How does DNA code for proteins?
The hydrogen bonding among backbone constituents carries coded information
Amino acids that make up DNA has the information needed to make proteins
Different portions of the DNA have different widths in their structure
Nitrogenous base order of DNA has information needed to code for proteins
19
In what way does the lack of membrane-bound organelles in bacteria affect transcription and translation?
The RNA transcript requires more processing.
Transcription and translation can occur simultaneously
Transcription does not need to happen in bacteria
None of these are correct
20
What is the function of the nuclear pore complex found in eukaryotes?
Synthesizes the proteins required to copy DNA and make mRNA.
None of these are correct
Regulates the movement of proteins and RNAs into and out of the nucleus.
Assembles ribosomes from raw materials that are synthesized in the nucleus
21
Select the correct answer
B
D
A
C
22
Improper functioning of which organelles would result in accumulations of many undigested lipids in cells.
the Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
the lysosome
the endoplasmic reticulum
23
Polypeptides are assembled from _____.
Fatty acids
Amino acids
Nucleic acids
Proteins
24
What is the best way to help glucose diffuse quicker into cells, assuming their concentration is higher on the outside?
active transport pumps
Facilitated diffusion
Simple diffusion
Phagocytosis
25
Which of these molecules should diffuse through the membrane the easiest?
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Sodium Cations (Na+)
Water (H2O)
Glucose (C6 H12 O6)
26
Under what circumstances does membrane transport require energy?
Whenever oxygen moves through a phospholipid bilayer membrane
Whenever large molecules are moved within a cell
Whenever a solute is moved against its electrochemical gradient
Whenever an ion moves through a phospholipid bilayer membrane
27
Which of the following types of molecules are the major structural components of the cell membrane?
Glycoproteins and cholesterol
Phospholipids and proteins
Nucleic acids and proteins
Phospholipids and cellulose
28
Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?
Chloroplasts and the ER
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Nuclear envelope

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