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Confrontation & Reconciliation: the Arms Race & Detente Flashcards | StudBud
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Confrontation & Reconciliation: the Arms Race & Detente
Confrontation & Reconciliation: the Arms Race & Detente
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an #ib #history #cold war quiz reviewing already learnt knowledge on the #arms race and #detente
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
The atomic bomb was first dropped by the Americans on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945.
False
True
2
H bombs are 1000 times more powerful than A bombs because they are thermonuclear & use fusion not fission.
False
True
3
What strategy did Kennedy's Secretary of Defense, Robert McNamara, develop to destroy enemy's military forces?
Counterforce
Counterstrike
4
What does ICBM stand for?
Intra-continental ballistic missiles
Inter-country ballistic missiles
Inter-continental ballistic missiles
Intra-culinary ballistic missiles
5
What year did the US first develop the Hydrogen bomb?
1953
1947
1952
1950
6
How did the advent of nuclear weapons crucially impact the Cold War?
Started an arms race which maintained & continued superpower hostility
Caused both sides to rethink military strategy & how conflicts were handled
Hugely strained economies of both countries factoring in its end
All of the above
7
Nuclear proliferation solely refers to superpower stockpiling of nuclear weapons.
True
False
8
What concept led to the need for periodic meetings called summits between the two superpowers?
Mutually Assured Disease
Mutually Assured Destruction
Missiles And Destruction
Militaristic Air Doom
9
By what year had the Soviets also developed ABM defensive missile systems?
1968
1962
1969
1972
10
What 1957 Soviet launch made the Americans even more concerned about a perceived 'missile gap'?
The launch of Lunokhod I
The launch of Strelka
The launch of the Luna 2 probe
The launch of Sputnik I
11
What does the acronym, SALT, stand for?
Space Arms Lithosphere Testing
Strategic Arms Limitations Talks
Surveillance And Litigation Talks
Strategic Armed Limit Treaty
12
What decade were ICBMs developed?
The 1940s
The 1970s
The 1950s
The 1960s
13
What treaty allowing both sides over 10 000 nuclear warheads was signed in 1991 after over a decade of talks?
SDA
START II
STA
START
14
When did formal negotiations for SALT begin?
In 1974, when Ford became President.
In 1977, when Carter took office.
In 1981, in Reagan's first year in the Presidency.
In 1969, after Nixon took office as US President.
15
What does MIRV stand for?
Multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicle
Multiple intelligently traceable re-ejecting vehicle
16
By including nuclear weapons in US military strategy, what did Eisenhower put money into instead?
His 'Five Year Plan'
A massive build up of armed forces and conventional weapons
His 'New Look' National Security Policy (covert ops, air force & tech)
His policy of Peaceful Co-existence
17
Which of its categories, or 'baskets,' was the most contentious in terms of superpower tensions?
All of the above
Security in Europe by accepting post-war frontiers
Human rights
Co-operation in science, technology & environmental concerns
18
In 1975, the superpowers under Brezhnev and Nixon seemed to be on the road to agreement.
True
False
19
What does SLBM stand for?
Stratosphere-launched ballistic missiles
Sonically-launched ballistic missiles
Strategic-launched ballistic missiles
Submarine-launched ballistic missiles
20
According to its terms, where could nuclear tests now be conducted?
Underground
In the atmosphere
Underwater
In space
21
What was the most far-reaching aspect of detente beyond nuclear talks and agreements finalized in 1975 at the CSCE?
The Icelandic Final Act
The Helsinki Final Act
The Final Act of Hamlet
Perestroika and Glasnost
22
What
two
extraneous factors somewhat hindered these talks before evolving into SALT?
US domestic politics
The invasion of Cambodia
The invasion of Czechoslovakia
Brezhnev's death
23
What year was SALT I, as it was later called, implemented?
1972
1970
1969
1975
24
What does A-bomb stand for?
Arsenic bomb
Aggressive bomb
Air bomb
Atomic bomb
25
What is detente?
The name given to the re-escalation of superpower tensions
The final phase of the Cold War marked by the fall of the USSR
The name given to the process of easing superpower tensions (esp re. nukes)
A process where total war is the aim of each superpower
26
Which policy associated with West German Chancellor, Willy Brandt, was hoped to lead to the reunification of Germany?
Ostpolitik
Blut und Boden
Revanchism
Estpolitik
27
Ultimately, what did Ford, Carter and Brezhnev in his later years, reveal about the successes of detente?
It depended on the domestic strength of leaders
It depended on the global winds of change
28
What years was SALT II brokered between?
1979 and 1982
1970 and 1972
1972 and 1979
1975 and 1980
29
When did the American period of nuclear monopoly end with a successful atomic detonation by the Soviets?
1955
1946
1950
1949
30
Which two countries signed a Peace Agreement in 1979?
USA & USSR
Israel and Palestine
Egypt and Israel
Afghanistan & USSR
31
When was the global Non-Proliferation Treaty first signed by the UK, USA, USSR & 59 other states?
January 1968
December 1979
July 1968
October 1962
32
Where and when was the first of these summits between the two superpowers?
Paris, 1960
Geneva, 1950
Yalta, 1945
Geneva, 1955
33
In the post-Cuban Missile Crisis, Cold War landscape what did the superpowers sign in 1963?
The Helsinki Final Act
The Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
The Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
The Treaty of Kawatanga
34
U-2 "spy" flights over the USSR reassured Eisenhower that in fact there was no missile gap.
True
False
35
Did Stalin follow Truman's lead on the state decision making powers regarding nuclear weapons?
No
Yes
36
Despite taking a hard line within the Soviet sphere, Brezhnev accepted LBJ's 1967 invite for bilateral arms limit talks.
True
False
37
How many Security Council Resolutions from the UN did it take to resolve the Arab-Israeli war in 1973?
1
2
3
4
38
What policy did Kennedy develop in 1961 to widen options beyond Eisenhower's
Massive Retaliation
?
Flexing response
Flaming response
Furious response
Flexible response
39
Despite often being associated with Brezhnev and Nixon, which two earlier leaders influenced detente's origins?
Gorbachev and Reagan
Khrushchev and Eisenhower
Stalin and Truman
Mao and Kim Il-Sung
40
What challenged the implementation of START?
Uncooperative world leaders
Impending alien invasion
The dissolution of the Soviet Union
The fragmentation of the USA
41
What Cold War crisis occurred at the height of the Nuclear Arms Race?
The Korean War
The Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan
The Cuban Missile Crisis
The Hungarian Uprising
42
What does H-bomb stand for?
Hydrogen bomb
Hydrochloride bomb
Helium bomb
Hellfire bomb
43
What year did the USA first develop MIRVs?
1965
1975
1970
1960
44
Which US President set the precedent of political control over the use of nuclear weapons to end the war in the Pacific?
Dwight D. Eisenhower
President John F. Kennedy
President Franklin D. Roosevelt
President Harry S. Truman
45
When Regan withrew from the agreement in 1986 after accusing the Soviets of violating the pact, what did he pursue?
GTA or 'Galaxy Wars.'
SDI or 'Star Wars.'
46
What were the
two
main differences in SALT II from its predecessor?
It banned new weapons programs from coming into existence
Each side was limited to only one ABM site
The number of nuclear warheads possessed by each side was reduced to 2250
Each side restricted to 800 strategic nuclear delivery vehicles
47
What are ABMs used for?
To drop nuclear bombs from
To intercept and destroy nuclear weapons
To get money out of
To create a defensive shield around a city
48
As part of his
New Look
, what strategy did Eisenhower announce in 1954 in regards to the use of nuclear weapons?
Containment
Detente
Massive Retaliation
Peaceful Coexistence
49
What was found to be the key in beginning the peace process in the Middle East after bolstered tensions in the 1960s?
Soviet disengagement
US engagement
50
What made the global situation regarding nuclear capabilities even more volatile in 1964?
The Soviets exploded Tsar Bomba, the largest nuclear device ever detonated
Britain and France both gained success with nuclear bombs
India discovered Z bomb technology
The PRC detonated its first nuclear weapon
