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Global Studies Comparison Between Civilizations or Eras Flashcards | StudBud
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Global Studies Comparison Between Civilizations or Eras
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82
Global Studies Comparison Between Civilizations or Eras
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Questions compiled from Global Studies Regents Exams
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1
82
Water plays an important role in these belief systems
Pilgrimages to mountains are encouraged by belief systems
Understanding nature is requirement of these belief systems
The Middle East was the birthplace of these belief systems
2
6
supported territorial expansion
led communist revolutions
encouraged reforms
were subjects of Stalinist purges
3
38
advocated religious reform
supported the emancipation of serfs
were known as great military leaders
were executed by revolutionaries
4
52
Religious tensions often promote disagreements
Geography often has an influence on the course of a conflict
Most military confrontations involve bio weapons
Advanced technology ensures victory
5
83
constitutions to define political powers
military strategies to defeat opponents
policies to increase religious persecution
legal changes to protect human rights
6
48
China
India
Vietnam
Japan
7
145
encouraged mass migrations
led to discoveries in Africa
stimulated trade
established colonial territories
8
125
built a system of roadways throughout their empires
traded with other civilizations along the Silk Road
adopted Christianity as the state religion
fought rivals for control of the sea
9
142
building a large network of roads and bridges
supporting free-market economies by minting silver coins
using powerful navies to protect sea trade routes
granting citizenship and voting rights to conquered peoples
10
75
controlled large areas of land in the Americas
promoted European control over the Americas
fought for independence from European control
became religious leaders of their countries
11
39
Central Africa - calling for Crusades by Pope Urban II
South America - Munich Conference
Eastern Europe - Berlin Airlift
East Asia - issuing the Balfour Declaration
12
30
gained wealth by obtaining gold from the Americas
controlled territories around the Mediterranean seacoast
stressed the importance of dharma and karma
made advances in mathematics and literature
13
78
led nationalist movements
made significant scientific discoveries
fought against British imperialism
became a communist revolutionary
14
47
occupations were attained by merit
social mobility was very limited
status was determined by education
impact on the daily lives of people was minimal
15
117
led a nationalist movement
supported imperialism
opposed communism
used nonviolent tactics
16
139
gave people a set of rules to follow
made slavery unacceptable
treated all equally under the law
provided for religious freedom
17
56
invading Russia with limited supply lines
invading Great Britain by land
using conquered peoples as slave laborers
introducing combined ground and naval forces
18
131
Communist governments were established
Ethnic tensions decreased
Large numbers of people migrated
Nuclear weapons were developed
19
141
liberated the serfs and industrial workers
reformed executive branch by using theocratic principles
established policies of censorship and repression
used televised propaganda to rally the masses
20
114
beliefs and values of a given culture
19th-century use of technology
climatic changes in an area
influence of Chinese design
21
40
emperors were overthrown in coups d'etat
most wealthy merchants able to attain high social status
foreign missionaries were welcomed
political power was more centralized
22
15
gain a warm-water port
return to traditional values
limit the role of women in society
adopt western-style reforms
23
10
French Revolution --> Crusades --> Renaissance
Renaissance --> Crusades --> French Revolution
Crusades --> Renaissance --> French Revolution
Crusades --> French Revolution --> Renaissance
24
65
map projections of Mercator
Great Sphinx of the Egyptians
Twelve Tables of the Romans
ziggurats of Sumeria
25
99
Ethnic, religious differences have been sources of tension
Gender diffferences more powerful than social diffferences
Cultural diversity leads to stable societies.
Economic cooperation can overcome political issues
26
35
are located on the western side of the continent
had little effect on the lives of people in these regions
served as major barriers to the movement of people and goods
provided necessary resources for settlement
27
34
an extended period of peaceful trade and commerce
a knowledge and command of advanced technologies
the development of religious and cultural reforms
a rejection off democratic policies and practices
28
24
environmental changes can affect human society
economic change can be slow and almost unnoticed
contact with other societies can lead to conflict and war
technological advances can lead to major change
29
76
hindered imperialistic goals
required unquestioning loyalty to the leader
helped increase religious tolerance
led pro-democracy movements
30
119
attempts by democratic forces to overthrow the monarchy
government denial of access to fertile farmland
native reaction to foreign interference in the region
government policies of ethnic cleansing
31
50
revolved around cultural religious beliefs
allowed for educational opportunities
determined roles based on gender
enforced different rules for distinct groups of people
32
72
A-->B-->C-->D
C-->B-->A-->D
C-->D-->B-->A
D-->C-->B-->A
33
71
Causes of World War II
Effects of Nationalism
Tensions of the Cold War
Results of Economic Revolutions
34
13
mountains
rivers
climate
deserts
35
89
adapted mountainous terrain
developed coastal ports
designed ships to conduct global trade
introduced camel caravans as a form of transportation
36
94
existing borders to be maintained
monarchs to be returned to their rightful places
reparations to be paid by defeated countries
peacekeeping organizations to be established
37
84
birth
power
education
wealth
38
92
inability to force back foreign invaders
efforts of the middle class to gain power
lack of a common currency
outbreak of war between religious groups
39
1
religious diversity
the development of a wealthy middle class
an increased emphasis on education
a decentralized political system
40
135
a lack of alliances
poorly trained military forces
harsh winter climate
mountainous terrain
41
41
supported increased rights for ethnic minorities
implemented programs to modernize their nations
adopted policies of nonalignment
established theocracies based on Islam
42
67
devotion to their nation-state
allegiance to their families
loyalty to their military leader
service to their church
43
124
led nationalist movements in their countries
formed communist governments
kept their countries out of the United Nations
led their countries during the Cold War
44
68
gunpowder
wheeled carts
road system
astrolabe
45
58
trade
agriculture
manufacturing
mining
46
25
unifying religious institutions
political stability
representative forms of government
social equality for men and women
47
64
limited the power of absolute monarchs
illustrated power of public opinion in forming policy
used violent methods to eliminate their opponents
established social stability and economic growth
48
103
provided structure for society
promoted peace and prosperity
established totalitarian governments
developed concepts of natural rights
49
123
became wealthy and powerful as a result of trade
were centers for Islamic learning
were land-locked city-states
developed economies based primarily on agriculture
50
21
conquer more than one continent and remain stable
lose strength when mercenaries enforce reforms
be threatened only when directly attacked by outsiders
be weakened by both internal and external pressures
51
51
European colonial policies
indigenous ethnic rivalries
urban development
religious divisions
52
93
established public education systems
separated church and state
instituted democratic governments
codified the laws of their empire
53
8
maintained the democratic process
allowed elements of capitalism
increased global tensions
strengthened communism
54
116
distinct social classes
command economies
cultural isolation
stable governments
55
128
renewed interest in artistic pursuits such as painting
democratic rule and a coordinated economic policy
weak centralized authority and interference from outsiders
increased construction of roads, bridges, other public works
56
130
Panama regained control of the Panama canal
Simon Bolivar established Gran Colombia
NAFTA was signed by Mexico, Canada, and the United States
Fidel Castro became the communist leader of Cuba
57
42
severe winters
mountain passes
superior air forces
United Nations peacekeepers
58
121
end foreign control
create a totalitarian state
promote laissez-faire capitalism
develop modern industries
59
44
crushed secessionist movements
worked to modernize their nations
protested against economic sanctions
conquered eastern neighboring territories
60
20
used a parliamentary system of government
relied on global trade for goods
awarded land to the elite
promoted religious tolerance
61
54
the individual and the state
social mobility
the importance of religion
economic development
62
23
concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads
the main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco
a single currency was used to make transactions easier
ideas were exchanged as merchants interacted with each other
63
106
location in the Middle East
development of trade with other regions
imperialism in Europe
growth of the Ottoman Empire
64
102
address human rights abuses
establish free trade zones throughout the world
support the establishment of democratic governments
provide encouragement to people behind the Iron Curtain
65
107
arid land
Siberian tundra
harsh climate
Caspian Sea
66
12
influence of the West African tradition
dominance of landscape paintings
emphasis on the human form
focus on biblical themes
67
79
individual abilities
education and training
marriage
birth
68
3
promoted economic and technological modernization of country
resisted economic and social reforms in his country
experienced invasions of his country that almost succeded
rejected culture of his country in favor of foreign culture
69
129
inexperience of French and German military leaders
Russian alliances with China
failure of France and Germany to develop modern weapons
harsh climatic conditions in Russia
70
31
revolutionary democratization
innovative industrial development
political decentralization
reactionary social change
71
88
Pope Urban II --> Martin Luther
Louis XVI --> Maximilien Robespierre
Hernando Cortez --> Simon Bolivar
Nicolaus Copernicus --> Galileo Galilei
72
110
nationalism
polytheism
imperialism
humanism
73
16
The Commercial Rev. led to creation of traditional economies
The Black Plague led to labor shortages.
Enlightenment thoughts led to manorialism.
The Russian Revolution led to an absolute monarchy.
74
109
growing crops suited to desert climates
reclaiming land from the sea by building dikes
engaging in overseas expansion
building terraces into the mountainsides
75
66
for religious freedom
across the Atlantic Ocean
in search of additional food sources
from rural lands to urban areas
76
29
governments must provide their people with rights
all subjects are equal under the law
harsh laws are needed to control society
religion and government must be brought closer together
77
2
stimulated the expansion of trade
supported democratic forms of government
led to nationalistic movements
helped to spread the ideas of religious leaders
78
87
promoted religious diversity
encouraged democratic reforms
emphasized equal rights for women
supported the expansion of overseas trade
79
49
Leaders are often influenced by cultural belief systems
Religions have little impact on the development of empires
Christianity has been a dominant force in Europe and India
Many political leaders discouraged religious toleration
80
63
Mohandas Gandhi
Saddam Hussein
Momar Khadafi
Ho Chi Minh
81
4
eliminated standing armies and introduced an aristocracy
built temple complexes and developed the concept of zero
developed early democratic systems
were conquered by European imperialists
82
144
management of local gold mines
development as centers of woolen industry
location on key trade routes
indirect control of the papacy
83
101
encouraged modernization
granted equality to women
ruled according to a constitution
emancipated serfs
84
69
cultural achievements
economic isolation
religious unity
democratic reforms
85
27
capitalism and democracy
reform and modernization
revolution and absolutism
isolation and nationalism
86
143
spreading the teachings of Christianity
supporting a capitalist system
achieving change through revolution
preserving a rigid social system
87
18
established legal standards
legalized monotheistic beliefs
supported republican governments
provided records of economic activity
88
36
were traditional religious leaders
occupied military posts in the Chinese Empire
expelled the Moors from Spain
held positions of power in feudal systems
89
111
Civil liberties were promoted
One group seized power and limited opposition
Voting rights were extended to women
Leaders won the support of all groups
90
11
developing terrace farming on hillsides
building chariots to protect open plains against invaders
constructing harbors to encourage exploration
becoming maritime traders
91
7
provide the basis for European holy books
serve as primary sources about trade and culture
include advice on how to be a democratic ruler
present unbiased views of life in Africa and Asia
92
133
written laws
religious edicts
epic poems
democratic constitutions
93
17
Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong
F.W. de Klerk and Indira Gandhi
Simon Bolivar and Bernardo O'Higgins
Sun Yixian and Emperor Hirohito
94
118
advanced technology
lack of ports
climate
fortifications
95
70
establishing a limited monarchy
promoting religious freedom
creating collective farms
ending foreign control
96
74
France Germany Belgium and UK negotiated to divide Africa
British ruled much of India through control of local rulers
Japan closed its ports to trade with other nations
Spanish govt required gold in colonies be brought to Spain.
97
77
reached their height of power at the same time
developed parliamentary governments
ensured equality for women
declined because of corruption in government
98
26
equalized taxes
provided for universal suffrage
limited the power of the monarch
created a theocracy
99
120
guerilla
biological
unrestricted submarine
trench
100
113
set up democratic governments
promoted Confucian principles
used Marxist political principles
overthrew a ruling monarch
101
132
trench warfare
nonviolent resistance
nationalist sentiments
collective security agreements
102
60
worked to end communism in his country
refused to participate in the United Nations
led people of his nation toward a more democratic government
fought for power for black majority over white minority
103
80
African empires generally avoided contact with Europeans.
Initially Europeans lacked skills needed for desert travel
Desertification reduced the amount of arable land for people
Trade between Africa and Europe decreased.
104
126
Inflation contributed to rise of radical political groups
Scientific developments improved the standard of living
Widespread intolerance of Huguenots led to abuses
Military successes eliminated tensions with countries
105
97
developing decentralized political structures
having long periods of stable government
using examinations to select officials
having governments dominated by a merchant class
106
81
peoples without their own state
colonized peoples in the British Empire
groups represented on the United Nations Security Council
groups that joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
107
62
support of the Catholic Church
mediation of the League of Nations
existence of democratic institutions
strength of nationalist leaders
108
22
B-->C-->A-->D
B-->A-->D-->C
A-->B-->C-->D
D-->A-->C-->B
109
28
many people moved to rural areas
many farm workers went to cities to look for jobs
governments developed policies of forced migration
ties to extended families increased
110
90
used peaceful methods to achieve their goals
embraced capitalist ideas
relied on support from the peasants
rejected industrial development
111
5
decrease in the reliance on industrialization and trade
restructuring of government that included elected monarchs
an increase in military production, strong military forces
a reduction in tensions with neighboring countries
112
33
encourage development through the creation of universities
restore stability after a period of conflict or disorder
defend human rights by establishing written codes of law
address economic concerns by lowering tariffs
113
57
The geography of a nation or region influences development
Major urban centers are only found along rivers.
Without mountains and rivers, people cannot develop culture
The spread of new ideas is discouraged by trade and conquest
114
91
promoted art and literature
allowed universal suffrage
established plantation agriculture
developed matriarchal societies
115
45
Both conflicts emerged as a result of the breakup of USSR
Both conflicts concern territorial and religious issues
Hostilities within these regions were provoked by the U.N.
Tensions here were caused by efforts to remain nonaligned.
116
138
elimination of all traditional beliefs
a movement toward decolonization
cultural diffusion between different societies
the Columbian exchange
117
137
Leaders sometimes use religion as a reason to wage war
Many political leaders encourage religious toleration
Leaders often use religion to unify an empire
Leaders usually become the head of their country's church
118
19
an increased interest in different cultures
a reduction in trade
the development of slavery
the discovery of East Asia
119
61
sponsored a UN Conference on Women's Rights
established an Islamic state
joined Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
incorporated communist doctrine into their government
120
53
isolationism
communism
terrorism
imperialism
121
136
expanded the power of labor unions
established a democratic form of government
sought a classless society
denied individual rights
122
112
gain the support of wealthy landowners
occur in a peaceful manner
ignore urban workers
bring radicals to power
123
85
resulted in archaeological discoveries in Africa
led to the establishment of colonies
started mass migrations from Europe
stimulated interest in other cultures
124
104
C-->B-->D-->A
A-->B-->D-->C
C-->A-->B-->D
B-->A-->C-->D
125
73
discouraged scientific advancements
ruled during times of prosperity
established republics
led nationalist movements
126
108
engaged in territorial expansion
encouraged the spread of independence movements
required the use of Latin throughout the empire
introduced the use of gunpowder in warfare
127
105
organized communist rebellions
opposed trade with other nations
established democratic rule in their countries
supported nationalistic movements
128
55
Renaissance --> Middle Ages --> Roman Empire
Treaty of Versailles --> World War II --> Korean War
Bolshevik Revolution --> French Revolution --> American Rev.
Reformation --> Crusades --> Exploration of the Americas
129
98
location on waterways
access to mountain passes
predictable rainfall from the monsoon cycle
abundances of natural resources
130
122
B-->D-->A-->C
A-->C-->B-->D
B-->C-->D-->A
C-->B-->A-->D
131
96
communist dictators
enlightened despots
leaders of independence movements
advocates of liberation theology
132
9
indulgences
chivalry
tribute
serfdom
133
115
mountainous topographhy
large deserts
tropical climate
frequent monsoons
134
140
required that legalist principles be followed
promoted respect for the physical environment
encouraged the development of advanced technology
emphasized duties and responsibilities in society
135
59
Deserts made invasion possible
Warm-water ports prevented the flow of supplies
The tundra enabled the movement of troops
The climate created obstacles to success
136
134
carried out successful conquests
represented early civilizations
experienced large migrations
supported nationalist movements
137
14
nationalism
industrialization
imperialism
westernization
138
95
keep people from smuggling illegal goods
halt the spread of communism
limit the movement of peoples
isolate unpopular governments
139
46
religious toleration
voter participation
compulsory education
military disarmament
140
86
emigration of people from their homelands
acceptance of new political boundaries
intervention of coalition military forces
establishment of uniform legal codes
141
32
social mobility
cultural difffusion
isolation
globalization
142
100
frameworks for economic stability
political and economic ideals
methods of political reform
plans for maintaining the social hierarchy
143
127
Charlemagne - Spanish Empire
Sulieman the Magnificent - Russian Empire
Peter the Great - Ottoman Empire
Justinian - Byzantine Empire
144
43
established the first democratic government in his country
fought to free his country from European control
opposed the role of the Roman Catholic Church in politics
embraced the principles of civil disobedience
145
37
questioning the benefits of the mercantile system
revised understandings of natural surroundings
increased suspicion between different religions
development of new manufacturing techniques
