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Challenge: AP Review
Challenge: AP Review
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A basic review over all material covered in AP Psychology used to prepare for the AP Exam.
Flashcards
75 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
The test you are currently taking is an example of what kind of test?
a personality test
an achievement test
an aptitude test
an intelligence test
2
Free association and dream analysis were held to be major methods to discover the makeup of...
the unconscious
irrational thoughts
maladaptive behaviors
the conscious
3
Which technique would be most useful for locating specific neurotransmitters in the brain?
positron emission tomography
computerized tomography
magnetic resonance imaging
electrographic tomography
4
Rehearsal is most beneficial for maintaining information in _______ memory.
long-term
intermediate-term
sensory
short-term
5
A person who loses memories of events that occur following a head injury is experiencing...
pseudoforgetting
anterograde amnesia
retrograde amnesia
retroactive interference
6
The structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain is called the...
corpus callosum
thalamus
pineal gland
parietal lobe
7
The minimum length of time between action potentials is determined by...
transduction incapacity
the absolute refractory period
the relative threshold period
transduction capacity
8
The function of sensory memory is to...
put information into long-term memory
hold information for a lifetime
hold sensory impressions long enough for transfer
hold the immediate perception of what was perceived
9
Conditioned taste aversions represent an unusual or atypical example of...
operant conditioning
classical conditioning
observational learning
punishment
10
In Pavlov's experiment, the unconditioned stimulus was the...
tone
food/meat powder
salivation
light
11
The chemicals that are secreted from the terminal buttons into the synapse are...
antagonists
neurotransmitters
agonists
action potentials
12
The last are of the brain to fully mature in late adolescence or early adulthood is the...
medulla
hypothalamus
occipital cortex
prefrontal cortex
13
Your GPA is an example of which measure of central tendency?
median
midpoint
mode
mean
14
The hypothalamus influences or regulates all of the following except...
memory
the autonomic nervous system
feeding
the endocrine system
15
When Bob hits his thumb with a hammer, the sensation will be transmitted to the CNS by...
efferent nerves
afferent nerves
autonomic nerves
sympathetic nerves
16
Which of the following does not belong with the other three?
thalamus
pituitary
gonads
thyroid
17
Framing refers to...
structuring decision problems so they lead to poor decisions
presenting only part of the information required
presenting irrelevant information
how alternatives in a decision problem are presented
18
A rat learns to press a bar to turn off an electric shock. This is an example of...
positive reinforcement
escape learning
an unconditioned response
avoidance learning
19
Homeostasis is a state of...
psychological stability
physiological instability
physiological stability
psychological instability
20
A stimulus evokes a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus in...
observational learning
operant conditioning
classical conditioning
state-dependent learning
21
Five-year-old Bob washes his bike after seeing his father was his car, demonstrating...
positive reinforcement
superstitious behavior
observational learning
classical conditioning
22
If a teacher gives an exam with questions that were not covered in class, the test lacks..
criterion-related validity
standardized validity
content validity
predictive validity
23
The most optimistic view of human nature is found in the ________ approach.
psychoanalytic
humanistic
behavioral
cognitive
24
A drug that depresses central nervous system activity is referred to as...
a sedative
a narcotic
a hallucinogen
an amphetamine
25
If a dog salivates to a blue light but not a yellow light, the dog is demonstrating...
stimulus generalization
conditioned emotional reactions
stimulus discrimination
spontaneous recovery
26
A valid test is one that...
has been standardized but not normed
measures what it is supposed to measure
is reliable
is consistent
27
The production of speech is controlled by which area of the frontal lobe?
Wernicke's area
Sperry's area
Cannon's area
Broca's area
28
Which of the following statements is the best example of telegraphic speech?
cookie
give cookie
i wanted a cookie
I eated a cookie
29
The gambler's fallacy reflects the influence of the...
representativeness heuristic
availability heuristic
law of small numbers
conjunction heuristic
30
The ability to generate ideas that are original, novel, and useful defines...
insight
reasoning
creativity
intelligence
31
The hypothalamus communicates with the endocrine system by way of the..
thyroid gland
pituitary gland
pancreas
sebaceous gland
32
If the occipital lobe is stimulated, the person would be most likely to report...
smelling an odor
moving a part of his body
hearing a sound
seeing a flash of light
33
Focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events defines...
attention
sensation
processing
perception
34
In the Little Albert experiment, the conditioned stimulus was the...
rabbit
fear reaction
loud noise
rat
35
Slot machines increase gambling behavior through the use of...
a non-contingent reinforcement schedule
an intermittent reinforcement schedule
a continuous reinforcement schedule
a short-delay reinforcement schedule
36
Which type of data collection is the best for studying attitudes?
questionnaires
physiological recordings
psychological tests
direct observation
37
Multiple-choice tests use what measure of memory?
relearning
recall
recognition
reiteration
38
Cohort effects are most closely associated with which research design?
time of testing
sequential
cross-sectional
longitundinal
39
When people overestimate the frequency of violent crimes because these events are on TV, they..
are using the availability heuristic
use a holistic decision model
use the elimination by aspects strategy
are using the representativeness heuristic
40
Learning that is not apparent from behavior when it first occurs is known as...
insight learning
operant conditioning
latent learning
classical conditioning
41
Failure to actively seek out contrary evidence may lead to...
the confirmation bias
the conjunction fallacy
overestimating the improbable
the gambler's fallacy
42
In which level of processing is an emphasis placed on the sounds of words?
platonic
mnemonic
phonemic
morphemic
43
Which of the following is not one of the intelligence types described by Gardner?
mechanical
logical-mathemathical
musical
spatial
44
Jay used to say "mikk", but now says "milk" properly, meaning he has made gains in the use of..
morphemes
syntax
linguistic heuristics
phonemes
45
Who is responsible for establishing psychology as an independent discipline?
Rene Decartes
Wilhelm Wundt
G. Stanley Hall
William James
46
A student's organized set of expectations on how a professor should act is an example of a..
schema
chunk
script
semantic network
47
____ measure general mental ability while ___ measure various aspects of people (values, etc).
standardized; intelligence
personality; standardized
intelligence; personality
intelligence; standardized
48
Reliability refers to the _______ of a measuring device, such as a test.
predictability
consistency
representativeness
accuracy of inference
49
The amygdala plays a role in the modulation of which emotion?
happiness
surprise
sadness
fear
50
Destroying part of the brain tissue to observe its effect on behavior is referred to as...
stereotaxic inversion
lesioning
tumor ligation
ESB
51
The area of psychology referring to mental processes or thinking is known as...
intelligence
introspection
mentalism
cognition
52
In experiments, subjects that receive special treatment are known as...
the experimental group
the observational group
the control group
the correlational group
53
The school of psychology associated with understanding the purpose of behavior is...
behaviorism
functionalism
psychoanalysis
neodynamism
54
If a psychological test intends to tell you how you score relative to others, they must develop
test scales
test levels
test norms
test scores
55
The Binet-Simon scale of intelligence expressed a child's score in terms of...
a percentile score
mental ability
a potential score
IQ
56
In order for a memory to be stored, it must first be..
modeled
ablated
retrieved
encoded
57
Negative reinforcement involves...
the removal of an unpleasant stimulus
the presentation of a pleasant stimulus
the presentation of an unpleasant stimulus
the removal of a pleasant stimulus
58
The gradual disappearance of an operant response that is no longer being reinforced is called..
conditioned forgetting
spontaneous remission
extinction
unconditioning
59
Which brain structure is most closely related to regulating emotions?
cerebellum
limbic system
reticular formation
brainstem
60
The deepest level of processing which involves emphasizing the meaning of words is known as...
the triarchic level of encoding
the semantic level of encoding
attention encoding
dyadic encoding
61
Classical conditioning could account for how a child learns to...
fear the dark
tie shoe laces
print letters
sing a song
62
The process of selectively reinforcing responses that are closer to the desired response is..
shaping
selection
step-wise conditioning
stimulus discrimination
63
An electroencephalograph is used in sleep research to measure brain-wave activity in the...
hypothalamus
cerebral cortex
medulla
corpus callosum
64
People who have hormonal imbalances have problems with their...
limbic system
endocrine system
leftbrain/right brain communication
reticular formation
65
The neurotransmitter associated with schizophrenia is...
endorphin
serotonin
dopamine
acetylcholine
66
What kind of validity do the ACT and SAT strive for?
criterion-related
absolute
construct
content
67
According to the notion of semantic networks, which word pair should be linked most closely?
fill-feed
boat-goat
car-nose
tree-bird
68
A perceptual set implies that...
visual perception is based on bottom-up processing
feature analysis is a "hard-wired" process
people often see what they expect to see
the focused-attention stage of processing is overridden
69
Voluntary responses come to be controlled by their consequences in what type of learning?
operant conditioning
observational learning
classical conditioning
reinforcement
70
The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon can best be described as an instance of...
complete storage failure
partial storage
complete retrieval failure
partial retrieval
71
Which statistical method is used to determine the reliability of a test?
standard deviation
percentiles
means
correlation coefficients
72
A worker who is paid every Friday for completing his 40-hour work week is being paid on a...
variable-ratio schedule
variable-interval schedule
fixed-interval schedule
fixed-ratio schedule
73
Unusually vivid and detailed recollections of momentous events are called...
flashbulb memories
sensory memories
episodic memories
non-declarative memories
74
Freud concluded that psychological disturbances are largely caused by...
conflicts between unconscious desires and environment
genetic dispositions to behave in a particular way
unrealistic demands from family/friends
personal conflicts existing at the unconscious level
75
Watson defined psychology as the scientific study of...
conscious experience
behavior
the unconscious
the brain
