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Earth Science Chapter 5 Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth Science Chapter 5
Earth Science Chapter 5
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1
The three soils of the soil triangle are
sand silt humus
loam silt clay
silt sand loam
clay silt sand
2
four main causes of erosion
flowers,dirt,trees
snow,sleet,hail
water,weather,glaciers,people
sand,rivers,ocean
3
What might cause mechanical weathering?
Violent earthquakes
Acid rain
Growing plants and expanding ice
Volcanic eruptions
4
What is our most abused natural resource?
petroleum
water
soil
fossil fuels
5
A soil's texture is determined by
type of humus
mineral composition
particle size
water content
6
What is regolith?
loose layer of water on the earth's surface
loose layer of ice cream in a dessert
looselayer of rock and soil on the earth’s surface
loose layer of moon dust on the moon
7
What is physical weathering?
The break up of rocks by physical processes and no chemicals
The break up of rocks by physical procesesses and chemicals
8
Which mineral would be most resistant to weathering?
halite
talc
calcite
quartz
9
What kind of mass movement this image show?
Earth slump
mudflow
rockfall
landslide
10
mudflow defenition
the flowing of mud down a hill or mountain
the mud sliding of pigs
children sliding on mud down a hill
mudflow in the room
11
The slowest type of mass movement is?
Earthflow
Creep
Rockfall
Slide
12
The decayed organic material in soil.
loam
clay
silt
humus
13
What are the three particles in soil?
sand, salt, clay
clay, silt, dirt
silt, slay, hay
slit, sand, clay
14
Which of the following human activities causes loss of soil?
Planting cover crops to hold soil in place
Replanting forests.
Leaving soil exposed to wind and rain
Moving grazing animals from field to field
15
Mass movement can be....
fast or slow
none of the above
fast
slow
16
Whic of the following is NOT a characteristic of soil?
color
texture
all of the above are soil characteristics
composition
17
Why can the removal of vegetation trigger mass movements?
The soil loses nutrients and begins to crumble.
The shaking triggers mass movements.
The plant roots bind the soil together.
The plant roots lubricate the loose sediment.
18
Use the soil triangle 20% sand, 20% silt, and 60% clay
silt loam
clay
sandy clay
loamy clay
19
rocks or rock fragments fall freely through the air is known as what?
rockfalls
diving
gravity
precipitation
20
The MOST important cause of chemical weathering.
water
oxygen
organisms
carbon dioxide
21
What is chemical weathering?
Abrasion.
Frost action.
The chemical change in the composition of a rock.
A physical breakdown of rocks.
22
Which are the 4 components of soil?
Air, water, minerals, decaying organisms
Earth, air, wind, fire
Water, nutrients, dirt, salts
Water, minerals, heat, light
23
The main natural force responsible for mass movements of rocks and debris is
rainwater
gravity
wind
fire
24
What factor usually has the greatest effect on soil formation?
time
climate
slope
parent material
25
Which of the following areas would be most likely to have a thick, well-developed soil?
steep slope in an arid area
stream valley in a warm area with abundant material
valley in a cold polar area
area of bare granite on the top of a mountain
26
Soil Profiles show
lengths of tree roots
Different horizons in the soil
is like multi-color ice-cream
amount of fertilizer in soil
27
In well-developed soil profiles, which horizon contains partially weathered parent material?
Regolith
C Horizon
B Horizon
A Horizon
28
What is the physical and Chemical Breakdown of rock?
Weathering
Deposition
Abrasion
Erosion
29
Chemical weathering takes place best in ___ & ___ climates
cold & wet
cold & dry
warm & dry
warm & wet
30
The top layer of the earth's surface that supports plant growth.
metamorphic rock
soil
bedrock
sedimentary rock
31
What is physical weathering?
The pressure of rocks being pushed against the rock
Freeze thawing or frost action
Rainwater breaking down certain rock types
Plants and animals affecting rocks
32
What is Weathering?
The weather changes drastically.
A process where rocks are broken down into smaller pieces.
A process where weather stays the same shape.
None of the above
33
The A horizon is the topmost layer of soil. It is often referred to as?
ground
topsoil
dirt
