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APWH Modern Unit 8-Cold War and Decolonization Test Review Flashcards | StudBud
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APWH Modern Unit 8-Cold War and Decolonization Test Review
APWH Modern Unit 8-Cold War and Decolonization Test Review
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An #APWH Modern Quiz! for #Unit 8 created for #JS Morton District 201
Flashcards
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Answers
1
Some countries tried to solve their economic problems through "command economies" which are
economies in which the government makes ALL economic decisions.
economies with some capitalism mixed with some elements of socialism.
economies that are governed through private supply and demand.
2
What did "Perestroika" and "Glasnost" do?
It promoted more openness, freedoms, and limited capitalist reforms.
It mandated a strict Marxist-Leninist Communist doctrine.
It argued that the Chinese and Soviets should ally to destroy the USA.
It advocated for the total abolition of the Communist Party.
3
Which of the following describes the USA and USSR attitude toward each other before 1945?
Total agreement about each other's goals and objectives.
Fear and hatred and an unwillingness to cooperate.
Working together ONLY to defeat Nazism.
Total war on the battlefields of Europe.
4
After Angolan independence, a civil war started. Assume you were the USSR. Who would you send guns, ₽, & trainers to?
MPLA
UNITA
5
A historian would find this propaganda poster MOST useful to demonstrate
the number of Chinese men and women working in skilled jobs.
how Communists used gender equality to gain women's support.
why China has grown economically relative to the USA.
the effect of industry on Chinese culture.
6
Marx and Engels wrote "
The Communist Manifesto
" in 1848 during the Industrial Revolution to
predict a worker's revolution against government & business.
promote private property & profit of wealthy industrialists.
encourage colonies in the Americas to revolt against Europe.
seek abolition of forced African slave labor on plantations.
7
After about 1947 (post-WW2), the official policy adopted by the USA to "fight" the Cold War
Containment
Isolationism
Arms Control
Neutrality
8
Which Cold War event came closest to a nuclear war between the superpowers?
The Cuban Missile Crisis
The Korean War
The Vietnam War
The building of the Berlin Wall
9
All of the following were ways the Cold War was fought
EXCEPT:
using propaganda.
providing military aid to allies.
building nuclear weapons.
a direct war between the US and USSR militarily in Germany.
10
Dad joke: What musical genre are all national anthems classified as? Country music.
Stop, just stop.
Funniest dad joke yet!
Not bad.
I declare independence from this joke.
11
Dad joke: Why did all Communists write in lower case letters? Because they hated CAPITALISM!
I did not see that coming.
Not bad.
BEST Dad Joke yet!
Stop, just stop.
12
All of the following are reasons for South Asian migration to a "metropole", but which was an ECONOMIC reason?
The migrant can find a new job and send money back to their families.
The migrant speaks the same language as the former imperial rulers.
The migrant needs protection from ethnic or religious violence.
The migrant has a desire for government freedom in the former empire.
13
AFTER Independence was achieved, what was the great economic problem for newly independent states?
USA & USSR competed fiercely to force them to adopt their ideologies.
They had a shortage of land, labor, and natural resources.
They had little industry and depended on export to single markets.
Global economic depression wiped out demand for their industrial products.
14
Which of the following was an effect of the partition of India?
It allowed most people of India to remain in their homes.
It allowed Hindus and Muslims to live together in peace.
It settled disputes over the region known as Kashmir.
Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs had to decide where to live.
15
All of the following led to the fall of the Soviet Union EXCEPT
The USSR couldn't keep up with the USA in military spending.
The failure of the invasion of Afghanistan.
The Non-Aligned Movement decided to shift its allegiance to the USA.
Economic weakness even after Gorbachev's "perestroika" reforms.
16
A Communist leader or those with pro-USSR perspectives would respond that the Cold War really started because
There were too many disputes between the Allies about how to beat Hitler.
USA stayed out of WW2 until Pearl Harbor in 1941.
The USA hid its development of the atomic bomb & then used it in 1945.
The USA joined an international coalition to defeat the Bolsheviks in 1918.
17
When did India get its independence?
August 15, 1919
August 15, 1991
August 15, 1939
August 15, 1947
18
This cartoon's point of view is that the reason the U.S.S.R. abandoned communism was
Political problems
Social problems
Diplomatic problems
Economic problems
19
This source is BEST understood in the context of...
The rise of the Axis powers immediately before WW2.
The growth in power of Europe after WW1.
Cold War proxy wars between the US and USSR in the later Cold War.
The decline of European powers after WW2 at the start of the Cold War.
20
USSR used military parades to show power, but they often hid REAL problems. An example below was the failed invasion of
Hungary
East Germany
Afghanistan
Czechoslovakia
21
Which East Asian leader led a revolution which turned China into a Communist nation in 1949?
Sun Yat-Sen
Mao Zedong
Ho Chi Minh
Kim Il-Sung
22
What explains the large numbers of "proxy wars" on this map?
Superpowers wanted to avoid direct military confrontations.
Superpowers wanted new military technology from newly decolonized states.
Superpowers wanted natural resources and favor their private corporations.
Superpowers wanted to control puppet governments there.
23
What caused the Great Leap Forward in China?
a government demand for rapid industrialization
an increase in aid from foreign allies
an availability of surplus revenue from increased taxes
a student movement for political reform
24
Examine the chart. Was Mao's "Great Leap Forward" (1958 to 1962) an economic success?
Yes, because it improved agriculture
No, because many people fled the country
Yes, because it brought economic prosperity
No, because it failed to improve China's economy
25
Which of these Cold War terms describes a policy of the USSR's Joseph Stalin after 1945?
Agreeing to a "containment" policy by limiting the promotion of communism.
Controlling Eastern European nations & spreading communism there.
Accepting "Marshall Plan" money from the USA to rebuild its economy.
Isolating itself completely from the outside world.
26
What's the best explanation of the relationship between these two sources?
Chinese propaganda was false; Mao's policies failed to produce food.
Glorious Communism produced industrial and agricultural success!
27
Which of the following is the best description of "The Cold War" between 1945 to 1991?
It was a conflict over different political/economic ideas.
It was a violent war over religion and culture.
It was struggle to stop Global Warming
It was a non-violent struggle to dominate global trade.
28
Which BEST describes the process of the Global South's "decolonization" after WW2?
Seeking to create empires of their own in the Global North.
Seeking to take part in the 'proxy wars' of the Superpowers.
Declaring political and economic independence from empires.
Aligning with European powers after WW2.
29
Millions of Russians in 1917 believed the slogan "peace, bread, & land" to support this leader
Mikhail Gorbachev
Vladimir Lenin
Nikita Krushchev
Joseph Stalin
30
Which WAS NOT a way that the Superpowers fought "proxy wars"?
They sent their own troops to fight the other superpower.
They sent military advisors to train soldiers to fight.
They sent weapons or money to people who shared their ideology.
They employed super-secret spies and espionage to undermine opponents.
31
While there were differences in communist nations after WW2, ALL of them were similar because
of their commitment to militarism and fascism.
their leaders' philosophies were inspired by Marxism.
democracy and peaceful change were their political tactics.
they glorified consumerism and free private property.
32
Dad joke: I thought about making a migration to metropoles joke, but then I thought to myself "you might cross a line."
Funniest dad joke yet!
That joke was so bad it should be refused entry.
Not bad.
Stop, just stop.
33
USA developed nukes, then USSR did. Then UK, France, followed by China, India, Israel, Pakistan, and North Korea. Term?
Disarmament
Nuclear Proliferation
Proxy War
Arms Racing
34
After World War 2, the "balance of power" shifted to make which nations most dominant?
China & Japan
The United Kingdom & France
Germany & Italy
The Soviet Union and the United States
35
Which of the following is the best description of the outcome of the Vietnam War?
Victory by North Vietnamese Communists over South Vietnam.
A peace agreement negotiated by the United Nations.
The USA stopped the spread of Communism in Vietnam.
Much like Korea, Vietnam remained divided in North & South.
36
What is the best description of HOW India achieved its independence from Britain?
The USSR invaded and forced the surrender of Britain.
Decolonization was forced on Britain by the USA.
The Non-aligned movement forced the British to give India independence.
Indian nationalists used many tactics to achieve independence from Britain.
37
The State of Israel was established in
1919
1991
1980
1948
38
NATO emerged during the Cold War to
encourage a foreign policy independent of the USA.
force democracy on other nations around the world.
use collective security by the US and Europe to stop communism.
share nuclear weapons technology with non-aligned countries.
39
Mikhail Gorbachev of the USSR's was most known for
Reviving and glorifying the government of Joseph Stalin.
Increasing the USSR's spending on nuclear weapons.
'Perestroika' and 'Glasnost' to combat economic problems.
Keeping the USSR as a Communist one party state.
40
Look closely at the chart of Soviet Economic income growth. What was happening over time?
There was income growth, but OVER TIME it was falling.
Communism was GLORIOUSLY raising the living standards of all comrades!
Soviet economics was a COMPLETE disaster with NEGATIVE income growth!
41
Dad joke: Why are missiles always looking for a new job? Because they're always getting fired.
Misfired.
Boom!
Most explosive Dad Joke yet!
This joke bombed.
42
The amount of nuclear weapons after 1985 is best explained by?
Negotiated reductions in nuclear arms between the USA and USSR.
Proxy wars between the USA and USSR.
The proliferation of nuclear weapons to China, UK, France, India, etc.
The spread of communism to Eastern Europe and Asia.
43
In 1977, the government of Mengistu Mariam announced "nationalization" of Ethiopian farmers' lands. What was the result?
The admittance of Ethiopia into the UN
Famine, failed economic policies, and rebellion
War with Europe and re-colonization
Economic prosperity and immigration to Ethiopia
44
This graph suggests both the USSR's invasion (1979-1989) and the USA's invasion (2001 to 2021?) were similar because
Both were met with armed resistance that caused unacceptable combat deaths.
Both caused diplomatic problems for superpowers with Non-aligned nations.
Both resulted in economic problems for and debt for the superpowers.
Both became increasingly unpopular with people at home.
45
How were both Asian and African decolonization movements MOST similar to each other?
They all relied on religious figures to lead the movements.
The all used Marxist ideologies to achieve their goals.
They all sought political independence from the Global North
They all used violent war to gain independence.
46
Dad joke: What did they call it when Marx, Lenin, Stalin, and Mao got together for a few drinks? A Communist party.
Was that joke cleared by the propaganda office?
Communism is NO laughing matter!
That joke was...revolting.
That joke was so communist, everybody got it.
47
What did all of these decolonization independence movements share in common?
Each was able to negotiate independence with their former empires.
Each were exclusively non-violent in their resistance to colonialism.
Each used a mixture of tactics to win independence from European rule.
Each had to use armed conflict to achieve independence.
48
Which nations were the original founders of the Non-aligned Movement (NAM)?
The USA, Canada, UK, France, & West Germany.
India, Indonesia, Yugoslavia, Egypt, & Ghana.
British Empire, Dutch Empire, Austrian Empire, Ottomans, & Imperial France.
The USSR, East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, & Hungary.
49
Which organization founded in 1945 also helped reduce Cold War tensions through 'peacekeeping'?
The International Monetary Fund
The League of Nations
The United Nations
The World Bank
50
This map shows regional G.D.P. BEFORE WW2. Which region emerged as MOST economically dominant AFTER 1945?
North America
Europe
Asia
Africa
51
Which of the following
WAS NOT
an effect of "partition"?
ethnic fighting broke out
10 million people dislocated
religious tolerance
1 million deaths
52
Which part of the world was the least developed economically as a result of having been colonized before 1945?
The "First World"
The "Second World"
The "Third World"
The "Oceanic World"
53
Which economic philosophy did the United States mostly try to promote in the Cold War?
Karl Marx's Communism
Mao Zedong's Collectivization
Adam Smith's Capitalism
Adolf Hitler's Fascism
54
In the context of the Cold War era, what's the best definition of the term
superpower
?
A newly independent nation.
A nation with extensive ability to use influence & power on a global scale.
An empire.
A collection of countries dedicated to the advancement of peace.
55
Which of the following best describes "The Korean War" during the Cold War?
A war that the United States started by bombing North Korea.
Conflict between the USSR & China over who'd control Korea.
War between North & South Korea supported by superpowers.
An invasion by Japan into the nation of Korea.
56
A war between FSLN "Sandanistas" & FDN "Contras" rages in Nicaragua. Assume you were the USA. Who gets your guns & $?
Sandanistas
The Contras
57
How were the tactics of Gandhi (India), MLK (USA), and Mandela (S. Africa) similar?
All 3 were inspired by Marxist beliefs.
All 3 used non-violence to advance equality of their people.
All 3 were inspired by monotheist religious tradition.
All 3 used violent revolution to fight oppression.
58
Who was the first "Superpower" of the Cold War era because it was the first to develop the Atomic Bomb?
The French Republic
The United Kingdom
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
The United States of America
59
From the perspective of the USSR, the Warsaw Pact was formed to
give Eastern European freedom and independence.
counteract the military power of NATO and defend the borders of the USSR.
promote capitalism and democracy in Eastern Europe.
assert Soviet control over the Mediterranean Sea.
60
As part of decolonization, Britain agreed to "partititon" South Asia into India & Pakistan because of conflicts between
British factions who disagreed on independence.
Communists and capitalists
British colonists & Indian nationalists.
Hindu and Muslim nationalists.
61
Which nation became the first to model itself on the ideas found in Marx & Engel's book?
France after their revolution against Louis XIV's monarchy
Mexico after the revolution against Spain
Russia after World War 1
The United States after the revolution against Great Britain
62
Dad joke: Why were Cold War spies so sleepy? Because they had to go undercover.
BEST Dad Joke yet!
I did not see that coming.
Stop, just stop.
Not bad.
63
Mao Zedong's policies after the Chinese Revolution included all of the following
EXCEPT
:
Respecting private property rights
Efforts to rapidly industrialize
Collective ownership of land
Radical cultural change
64
How could a historian who believed USA President Ronald Reagan (1980-1988) helped to end the Cold War use this chart?
Because Reagan spent more on the military, and the USSR couldn't keep up.
Because Reagan surrendered to the glorious USSR.
Because Reagan won more proxy wars than the USSR.
Because Reagan made better weapons than the USSR.
65
Dad joke: Why should people have known the USSR wasn't going to last? Because there were so many red flags.
Funniest dad joke yet!
Communist jokes aren't funny unless everyone gets them.
Nyet, nyet, nyet. Not funny.
Not bad.
66
Why were there 'proxy wars' during the Cold War?
Because 'total war' by 2 superpowers would have caused WW3.
Because 8 nations have developed nuclear weapons.
Because of the growth of the 'peace movement' during Vietnam
Because of the '5 year' economic plans of communist nations.
67
What did these three leaders share in common during the era of decolonization?
They used communism to support economic growth.
They rejected all forms of violence to gain power.
They supported free trade with the US to industrialize.
They used nationalism to seek independence from empires.
68
What was the MOST immediate consequence of the collapse of Communism in the USSR?
The Chinese Communist party implemented free market reforms.
The US became involved in fighting in Afghanistan.
The Cold War between the US and USSR ended.
The European Union expanded into Eastern Europe.
69
These images suggest that a major reason the USSR lost in Afghanistan was
Internal division between communist factions
Weakness of the Soviet economy in Russia
The nuclear arms race with the USA
A proxy war with the United States
70
Bonus Cold War Dad joke: Why did the spy cross the road? Because he was NEVER on your side!
Stop, just stop.
Bond, James Bond
Not bad.
I did not see that coming.
71
This infographic best illustrates which of the following Cold War vocabulary terms?
Arms Race
1st Strike
MIRV
Arms Control
72
A leader of the USA or those with pro-American perspectives would most likely argue that the Cold War started because
The USA and USSR made an alliance to beat the Nazis in 1942.
Stalin made a secret deal with Hitler in 1939.
Russia had a Communist revolution in 1917.
The USSR tried to spread Communism into Eastern Europe after 1945.
73
This map illustrates which of the main reasons for worsening tensions in the Cold War?
Sporting rivalries at the Olympics
The nuclear arms race
Alliances
Differing national economic policies
74
Which Cold War term meant building more and more nuclear weapons so that they'd never be used?
Los Alamos
Duck and Cover
Mutually Assured Destruction
Nuclear Football
75
Which type of nation would have been in the "Non-aligned movement?"
Communist nations devoted to representing the interests of the USSR.
Developing nations who refused to be allied with any one superpower.
Colonies that wanted to remain within the sovereignty of European empires.
Capitalist nations that were completely in line with the goals of the USA.
76
From the perspective of most Muslim Palestinians, what has been their reaction to the creation of Israel?
The Arab population was not affected by it.
They rejected it as unfair to them.
They agreed to work it out, but weren't happy about it.
They fully supported it.
77
Which aspect of land reform saw the creation of communes?
Nationalization of Farming
Manufacturing of Farming Machinery
Introduction of Private Enterprise
Importation of Natural Resources
78
India's Indira Ghandi nationalized banks, set money values, helped private farmers, and created oil companies. This was
an example of strict capitalist philosophy.
an example of mercantilist and imperialist philosophy.
an example of socialism and mixed economics.
an example of strict communist philosophy.
79
How would a MILITARY historian explain the behavior of Russia/USSR after 1945?
Factionalism between rebels after Revolution led to a Communist Party.
The Russian Tsar had favored the elite, and communists wanted equality.
The economy was behind the West, leading to rapid industrialization.
Russia had been invaded, many times, and they wanted secure borders.
80
USSR & China used Communism to "build toward socialist futures" by concentrating on
encouraging traditional religious culture
opening up trade, creating stock markets, and lowering taxes
teaching respect for democracy and private property
attacking class inequality through collectivization/industry
81
After World War 1, the "balance of power" shifted to make which nations most dominant?
The United Kingdom & France
Bulgaria & the Ottoman Empire
Germany & Austria
Italy & Japan
82
This map could be used by a historian to explain which of the following about Africa post-WW2?
Imperial nations continued to intervene in African conflicts
Creating new nations was complicated by ethnic divisions.
Islam spread rapidly into sub-Saharan Africa.
African nations were able to rapidly achieve independence.
83
Which of the following describes the relationship between map 1a and map 1b?
African nations allied with US or USSR based on ethnicity.
Ethnic differences undermined nationalist identities.
Europe established new African empires based on ethnicity.
Ethnic differences were abolished in new independent nations
84
Which historical process was the most important in the creation of Israel?
The colonization of the Middle East by Great Britain after WW1
The growth in power of organizations such as the United Nations
The Cold War competition between the USA and USSR.
The desire by Jewish nationalists for their own nation after WW2
