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Bio Semester 2 Review 2021 - Part 1 Flashcards | StudBud
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Bio Semester 2 Review 2021 - Part 1
What do the organs of the digestive system do?
DNA and RNA are...
Bio Semester 2 Review 2021 - Part 1
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1
DNA and RNA are...
nucleic acids
proteins
lipids
carbohydrates
2
What do the organs of the digestive system do?
breaks down food into basic nutrients
breaks down oxygen
Helps you lose weight
Kills bad breath
3
The ABO blood typing system represents which type of genetics?
Codominance
Sex linked inheritance
Dihybrid cross
Monohybrid cross
4
Homozygous recessive should be represented as?
hh
Hh
hH
HH
5
Where does the digestive system begin.
Mouth
Esophagus
Larynx
Anus
6
In Commensalism:
Neither benefits
Both organisms benefit
One benefits while harming the other
One benefits while not harming the other
7
Which form of RNA is the messenger?
tRNA
mRNA
IM DNA
Hermes RNA
8
What is a gamete?
Males cells
Sex cells
Animal cells
Female cells
9
These embryos are evidence for evolution because...
adaptive radiation
show fetuses are identical
They show common development
show biochemical evidence
10
Producer, Consumer, or Decomposer?
Producer
Consumer
Decomposer
11
Asexual reproduction is..
reproduction leading to creates clones in offspring
reproduction leading to clones and variation
reproduction leading to no effect at all
reproduction leading to variation only
12
The climatogram to the right most likely represents
tundra
savanna
temperate broadleaf forest
tropical rain forest
13
Which of these are evidence for evolution?
Fossils
Color
Intelligence
14
What do arrows in a food chain represent?
Transfer of energy
Map Directions
Who eats who
Smaller to bigger animal
15
Which level of this food pyramid represents the largest amount of organisms ?
Tertiary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Primary Producers
Primary Consumer
16
Why are producers at the bottom of the food chain?
they make their own food
they are super tasty
they only eat bugs
they are really small
17
Ecosystems go into communities, communities go into populations, populations go into...
plants
animals
communities
species
18
What was the contribution of Mendel to modern genetics?
Species can change through natural or artificial selection
Invented the butterfat test
DNA is the source of all genetic material
Showed how patterns of inheritance work
19
Which of the following parts of the graph shows exponential growth?
A
It is not shown
C
B
20
which organism is NOT a carnivoe
bear
lion
fox
tiger
21
What limits Population Growth?
Birth rates increasing
none of the above
natural selection taking place
Resources being used up
22
Natural selection increases the frequency of:
Characteristics that make individuals better adapted
Change within a species
Random mutations within a species
Characteristics that make individuals less well adapted
23
Omnivore
Eats plants
Eats plants and meat
Eats meat
24
What is secondary succession?
Growth of oak trees a year
The type of animals that live in an ecosystem
plants and animals recolonize a habitat after a major disturbance
The way plants reproduce
25
Which animal would be at the top of the Artic food chain?
penguins
orca ( killer whale)
fish
sharks
26
What disease has to do with the digestive system?
. Gastroenteritis
Crohn’s disease
Celiac disease
All of the above
27
Where does protein synthesis occur?
Nucleus
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
28
How are populations described?
Density
Dispersion
Size
29
What are the 2 steps of protein synthesis
Transcription and termination
Translucent and transparent
Transform and transcribe
Transcription and translation
30
what is parasitism
one species benefits and the other is not usually killed
one species gets killed
both species benefit
When one species benefits and the other is harmed
31
What is emigration
When there is not enough food
When the population gets smaller
When the population stays the same
When the population gets bigger
32
Which of these is NOT used as evidence of evolution?
Fossils
Embryos
Homologous structures
Environment
33
RNA is a
single strand
quadruple strand
Double strand
Triple strand
34
What is the order of a food chain?
Sun->Producers ->Carnivores -> Omnivores ->Herbivores
Producers ->Herbivores-> Omnivores ->Carnivores
Sun->Producers ->Herbivores-> Carnivores-> Omnivores
Sun->Producers ->Herbivores-> Omnivores ->Carnivores
35
What does the digestive system do?
Helps your arms and legs move
Breaks down and handles food
Pumps blood throughout the body
Helps you breathe
36
Sexual reproduction...
happens with only one cell involved and no other output.
creates clones in offspring
happens only once but creates clones or variation
reproduction creating variation in offspring
37
What was the first human ancestor to use fire?
H. habilis
H. sapien
Gorilla gorilla
H. erectus
38
Which of the following was NOT supported by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck?
inheritence of acquired traits
change of species over time
natural selection
use and disuse
39
Why are mutations important to natural selection?
It lets an organism change its DNA to be more adaptive.
It causes individuals to change.
It gives nature different variations/traits to "pick" from.
It causes cancer, killing an entire population- extinction.
40
What is a cladogram?
A diagram that shows groups of organisms
Diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms
Diagram that shows relationships
It is a gram of clads
41
Which is the definition of evolution?
genetic differences in a species
the appearance of new life forms
parents passing traits to offspring
the change of species over time
42
Why does protein synthesis occur?
responsible for all cell structure and function
responsible for dna replication
The function of the codons
To create monomers
43
What is the correct process of the cell cycle?
Mitosis, S, G1, G2, Cytokinesis
S, G2, G1, Cytokinesis, Mitosis
G2, G1, Mitosis, Cytokinesis, S
G1, S, G2, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
44
Producer, Consumer, or Decomposer?
Producer
Consumer
Decomposer
45
Does natural selection change individuals or populations?
populations
individuals
46
When the exponential phase of a logistic growth curve of a population ceases,
the size of the population stays the same
population growth begins to speed up.
the size of a population ceases.
population growth begins to slow down.
47
Which biome has more species of plants and animals than all other land biomes?
Tundra
Tropical Rainforest
Temperate Rainforest
Grassland
48
Population growth is _______________.
The increase in the number of individuals in a population.
A decrease in the number of individuals in a population
decomposed plant and animal matter from millions of yrs ago
# of organisms of the same species living in a region.
49
Natural selection is based on the observation that:
Life is a struggle to acquire limited resources
All of the options are correct
More offspring are born than survive
Individuals vary for inherited traits
50
In this punnet square
The mother is heterozygous for the trait
The father is heterozygous
The mother is dominant for the trait
The father is recessive for the trait
51
What part of the world would I find Tundra biomes?
equator.
all over the world.
towards the north pole region.
towards the south pole region.
52
What is Binary Fission
Two cells with identical genes
The division on multiply cells identical genes
Fungus
The division of a cell into two cells with identical genes
53
After DNA replication, the two DNA molecules that are made:
cannot replicate again
leave the nucleus
are opposite
are identical
54
Ecosystems and Biomes are the same
False
True
55
biotic or abiotic
abiotic
biotic
56
Homozygous dominant could be referred to by?
HH
Hh
hH
hh
57
Mitosis is...
a process where the cells create identical copies of itself
cells that are produced and genetically distinct.
the process to create a child
sexual reproduction to produce living cells not identical
58
Type of succession that already HAS soil:
Primary succession
Tertiary succession
Secondary succession
All of the above
59
What are vestigial structures?
Something that was once useful but now has no use
A structure that is necessary for survival.
A structure that doesn't suggest common ancestry
Something that was never useful and still isn't for the organism
60
DNA is ____ stranded, while RNA is ____ stranded.
single; double
triple; double
double; double
double; single
61
What is fragmentation?
Traits of both parents
Growth or repair
Genetic material is replicated
Parts of an organism breaks off then grows into a new one
62
Where would flowers have evolved on the cladogram?
Box 2
Box 1
Box 3
Box 4
63
Recessive traits are always homozygous.
False
True
64
What are biomes?
Tiny ecosystems
Small ecosystems
very large ecosystems
Not an ecosystem
65
What is Predation?
Prey & Predator
Predator & Harmed
Harmed & Helped
Predator & Predator
66
Which organs are in the digestive system
Stomach, small and large intestine, pancreas and liver
Pancreas, liver, muscles, and heart
Kidneys, bladder, pancreas and liver
Stomach, small and large intestine, brain
67
What is agglutination in the blood?
White blood cells attacking red blood cells
A type of blood borne virus that causes HIV
The clotting of both red and white blood cells
The hardening of plasma in the flow of blood
68
What stage of the cell cycle is this cell in?
Interphase
Anaphase
Prophase
Metaphase
69
Biotic or Abiotic ?
Biotic
Abiotic
70
What stage of the cell cycle is this cell in?
Cytokenesis
Anaphase
Metaphse
Telophase
71
Vestigial or Homologous?
Vestigal
Homologous
analogous
homogous
72
Analogous structures are....
different function, same structure
similar function, different in structure
Left over from ancestor
Different vertebrae
73
What is the longest organ of the digestive system?
stomach
small intestine
gall bladder
large intestine
74
Using this cladogram, which animal does not have jaws?
Mouse
Pigeon
Lizard
Hagfish
75
When does DNA replication occur?
During interphase before mitosis
After interphase
During interphase after mitosis
Before interphase
76
Producer, Consumer, or Decomposer?
Producer
Decomposer
Consumer
77
What is the result of meiosis?
2 genetically unique daughter cells
4 genetically identical daughter cells
2 genetically identical daughter cells
4 genetically unique daughter cells
78
Which of the following are evidence of evolution
Fossil age, Embryology, Homologous structure
None of the mentioned
animals adaptation, reproduction, natural selection
Embryology, Homologous structure, Vestigial structure,
79
Meiosis divides into unique ______ ?
Budding
Binary Fission
Fragmentation
Gametes
80
On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed . . .
species exactly like those found in South America
species completely unrelated to those found in South America
completely unrelated species on each of the islands
similar species with traits that suited their environment
81
What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?
Dominant are hidden behind the reccessive allele.
Dominant always shows up when the organism is present.
Reccessive is hidden behind a tree.
82
Meiosis results in the formation of
diploid cells
body cells
haploid cells
2N daughter cells
83
What level has the most energy on an energy pyramid?
producer
2nd level consumer
1st level consumer
3rd leevl consumer
84
Someone with X and Y chromosomes is...
Neither
Male
Both Male and Female
Female
85
Mutualism means...
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles!
An interaction between two species in which both benefit
When something goes wrong and there is a mutation
A type of symbiosis
86
Is this a Herbivore??
True
False
87
If immigration and emigration numbers remain equal, which is the most important contributing factor to a slowed growth
constant death rate
decreased birth rate
constant birth rate
increased birth rate
88
What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
A food chain follows the flow of energy through one path.
A food web includes multiple food chains.
A food chain includes multiple food webs
There is no difference.
89
Meiosis is.. (Mark all that apply)
cell division that is required for sexual reproduction.
two new cells resulting from the original cell.
cell division that forms sex cells
asexual reproduction
90
Convergent evolution
Evolution that happens rapidly
The process by which different species evolve similar traits
The process by which the same species evolves different traits
A process that a species actually changes back to its original form
91
Which of the following best describes evolution?
Cumulative change in observable characterics of a population
Cumulative change in heritable characterics of an organism
Cumulative change in observable characterics of an organism
Cumulative change in heritable characterics of a population
92
Where would chloroplasts have evolved on the cladogram?
Box 3
Box 2
Box 1
None of the Above
93
What is the Rh Factor in blood typing?
antigen that helps determine if blood is human or animal
the antigen that determines if we have A, B, AB, or O blood
the antigen that, if present, means that we have + blood
none of these
94
What would happen if the birth rate and immigration rate in a country increased?
The overall population would increase
More fish would be present
The overall population would decrease
It would stay the same
95
Human ancestors first evolved in...
South America
Australia
Asia
Africa
