Stage 2 SACE Biology Year Review

Question 1

Competitive inhibitors are able to.........

Accepted Answer

has a shape complementary to that of the active site

Question 2

The current model of the membrane is known as the FLUID-MOSAIC model. What does MOSAIC mean?

Accepted Answer

It is made up of a range of different materials.

Question 3

Which of the following DNA sequences is a template used for the transcription of AUAGCCUAG

Accepted Answer

TATCGGATC

Question 4

What is responsible for the attachment of both strands of DNA?

Accepted Answer

weak hydrogen bonds

Question 5

The best way to preserve a species is to ......................................

Accepted Answer

preserve its habitat

Question 6

Which of these is not a step in binary fission?

Accepted Answer

the separated chromosomes move to the same end of the cell

Question 7

When 2 populations are separated by a geographical barrier, they are subject to........

Accepted Answer

no gene flow

Question 8

How long is your end of year exam?

Accepted Answer

2 hours + 10 minutes reading time

Question 9

How many molecules of ATP can be created from 1 molecule of glucose after aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

30-32

Question 10

As cell size decreases, surface area to volume ratio

Accepted Answer

increases

Question 11

Why is less energy released from glucose under anaerobic conditions compared to aerobic?

Accepted Answer

More bonds remain in original glucose molecule

Question 12

Which of the following statements about climate change is false?

Accepted Answer

Only consequence is the increase in global temperatures.

Question 13

During DNA hybridisation, what demonstrates the similarity between two species' DNA?

Accepted Answer

A higher melting point

Question 14

At what time during the cell cycle must the DNA within the cell replicate?

Accepted Answer

Before division

Question 15

Neurons that transmit messages from the CNS to the effectors can best be described as:

Accepted Answer

Motor

Question 16

Why are introduced species so devastating to native flora and fauna?

Accepted Answer

They provide an alternative food sources for predators., They directly feed on them., They compete for similar resources., They have no natural predators.

Question 17

Which of these is not an ethical issue surrounding the use of CRISPR?

Accepted Answer

Ecosystem damage is less likely

Question 18

According to the induced fit model of enzyme action, an enzyme changes shape

Accepted Answer

when it binds to the substrate

Question 19

Where breeding cycles or time of fertility differs from one population to another is..........

Accepted Answer

temporal isolation

Question 20

............ is a gradual process where the species composition changes as a result of habitat.

Accepted Answer

Succession

Question 21

A cell membrane is found in which of the following types of cells?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 22

Which of these is not an area where secondary succession could take place?

Accepted Answer

A bare rock next to the volcano Mount Vesuvius.

Question 23

What 3 steps are needed for PCR to take place?

Accepted Answer

Denaturing, Anneling & Extension

Question 24

In order for a species to separate from another, ................................. is required.

Accepted Answer

reproductive isolation

Question 25

What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulates the fluid nature of the phospholipids.

Question 26

Repressors..........

Accepted Answer

bind to DNA and slow or stop transcription

Question 27

The main function of this organelle is?

Accepted Answer

Packaging a secretion of proteins.

Question 28

A prokaryotic cell can be identified by the..................

Accepted Answer

absence of a nucleus

Question 29

Which of the following indicates the correct sequence of processes.....

Accepted Answer

Fertilisation --> Mitosis --> Meiosis

Question 30

Which of the following is not permeable to the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Blood

Question 31

Crossing over introduces new.......................

Accepted Answer

combinations of alleles in maternal and paternal chromosomes

Question 32

During DNA replication, if one strand contained GCTAATTC, the complementary strand would be?

Accepted Answer

CGATTAAG

Question 33

Each step in a metabolic pathway is catalysed by a..............

Accepted Answer

specific enzyme

Question 34

According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, what determines who is the "fittest"?

Accepted Answer

selective pressures

Question 35

What are the products of fermentation in plants and yeast?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol & Carbon Dioxide

Question 36

Which of the following is not a step used to produce a GMO?

Accepted Answer

Insert the gene back into original organism.

Question 37

Which of these is not one of the 'Science as a Human Endeavour' key concepts?

Accepted Answer

Critical & creative thinking

Question 38

Which of the following order of events results in two different species from a common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

geographical iso, natural selection, reproductive iso

Question 39

Which of these steps is not found in the stimulus-response model?

Accepted Answer

delay

Question 40

A human muscle cell would contain a large amount of which of the following organelles?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 41

The closer the evolutionary relationship the ..............

Accepted Answer

fewer mutations have occurred

Question 42

"During Metaphase I, homologous pairs lining up randomly along the equator" would best describe

Accepted Answer

Independent Assortment

Question 43

Why is the term semi-conservative used in DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

because each DNA molecule has one old and one new strand

Question 44

Which of the following is a method the body employs to increase heat loss?

Accepted Answer

blood vessels dilate

Question 45

A particular polypeptide is 120 amino acids long, how many mRNA nucleotides would code for this

Accepted Answer

360

Question 46

Which of the following is not a typical response to the release of adrenaline?

Accepted Answer

decreased metabolic rate

Question 47

Organisms survive best within ......................... for a given .................... factor

Accepted Answer

tolerance limits / abiotic

Question 48

Which of the following correctly identifies the community steps of succession?

Accepted Answer

colonisers, immature, climax

Question 49

Which of the following equations is not correct?

Accepted Answer

C6H12O6 -------> 2C6H12O6

Question 50

Which of the following is not a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Gives structure and support to the cell.

Question 51

In animals, cell division that does not involve germ-line cells is called........

Accepted Answer

asexual reproduction

Question 52

All organisms have.............

Accepted Answer

a universal common ancestor.

Question 53

During anaphase.........

Accepted Answer

the centromeres separate chromatids move to opposite poles.

Question 54

What determines the specificity of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids

Question 55

The specificity of an enzyme for its substrate is determined by the..................

Accepted Answer

structure of the enzyme molecule

Question 56

Which of these is not an advantage for metabolic pathways being done in many small steps?

Accepted Answer

The intermediate products cannot be used by other cells.

Question 57

"The pairs of homologous chromosomes are moved to the equator of the cell" best describes......

Accepted Answer

Metaphase I

Question 58

Evidence supporting endosymbiotic events does not include that mitochondria and chloroplasts...

Accepted Answer

are energy creating organelles

Question 59

Which of the following are other chemicals that can harm or benefit humans?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 60

There is quite strong evidence that ________ appeared before ________ in the evolution of life.

Accepted Answer

RNA/DNA

Question 61

Which of the following best describes the parasympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

conserves energy, maintains quiet state.

Question 62

Which of the following is an application of modern cell culturing?

Accepted Answer

growing human tissue for drug testing, manufacturing vaccines, cellular agriculture in the production of transgenic animals, improving the techniques of food production

Question 63

A probe used to locate a gene can be...............

Accepted Answer

made from a short RNA molecule

Question 64

One possible consequence of low genetic diversity is that.........................

Accepted Answer

species will become extinct.

Stage 2 SACE Biology Year Review

Questions 70

Stage 2 SACE Biology Year Review

Questions 70