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Earth Science Unit 4 Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth Science Unit 4
Earth Science Unit 4
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1
A long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea between high cliffs formed by glaciers
fjord
glaciated valley
cirque
river
2
Which of the following climatic conditions is most likely to cause accelerated weathering?
extreme cold
steady rainfall
freezes and thaws
hot and dry
3
Identical fossil remains of Mesosaurus in SA and Africa support the theory of continental drift
True
False
4
The force that can change the size and shape of rocks is called
stress
magnitude
friction
elasticity
5
What is an aftershock?
areas along a fault where slippage and fracutring 1st occur
seismic waves that cannot travel through liquids
a series of small tremors after a major earthquake
giant ocean waves that originate at a fault zone
6
In a normal fault, the...
hanging wall goes up, foot wall goes down
fault blocks slide past each other
fault blocks don't move
hanging wall goes down, foot wall goes up
7
Most plateaus are found
bordering ocean basins
near mountain ranges
beneath grabens
near diverging boundaries
8
In a reverse fault, the...
hanging wall goes up, foot wall goes down
fault blocks slide past each other
fault blocks don't move
hanging wall goes down, foot wall goes up
9
Underground limestone caverns are an example of
Batman
Chemical weathering
Physical weathering
Mechanical erosion
10
What is this a picture of?
Spelunking
Erosion
Stalagmite
Stalactite
11
Seafloor spreading occurs at
Transform Faults
Subduction Zones
Divergent Boundaries
Convergent Boundaries
12
Which type of seismic wave travels the fastest?
S waves
Surface waves
P waves
L waves
13
Thick lava that erupts in violent explosions (like Mt. Saint Helens)
Felsic
Mafic
14
An area in which one lithospheric plate is being moved under another is called
Seduction Zone
Transform Fault Boundary
Subduction Zone
Divergent Plate Boundary
15
If a seismograph station detects S waves shortly after it detects P waves, then the earthquake
Very weak
Far away
Nearby
Very strong
16
A fault formed at the point where two plates slide past each other is called a(n)
Convergent plate boundary
Transform fault plate boundary
Divergent plate boundary
Subduction plate boundary
17
Rocks that do not allow water to pass through them easily are called...
Permeable
Impermeable
Stubborn
Porous
18
The magnitude of an earthquake is a direct measure of
how much energy it releases
how much damage it causes
19
Which one is anticline
C
B
A
D
20
Which of the following usually form along convergent plate boundaries?
normal faults
grabens
mountains
ocean basins
21
The primary agents of erosion are gravity, wind, glaciers and ____
humans
water
snow
plants
22
The 3 main parts
of the water cycle are evaporation, precipitation and ___
deposition
erosion
runoff
condensation
23
Fault in which walls shear past each other
Reverse
Normal
compression
strike-slip
24
The type of glacier that generally forms in mountainous areas is called a(n)
Valley Glacier
Continental Ice Sheet
Iceberg
Antarctica
25
The San Andreas Fault, a result of horizontal shear, is a _____ fault.
reverse
normal
blind
strike-slip
26
Pangaea was the term Wegener used to describe
an ancient single landmass
a huge, ancient ocean
the Eurasian contnent
the earth
27
Thin lava that generally erupts from oceanic volcanoes (like Hawaiian volcanoes)
Mafic
Felsic
28
The Ring of Fire is an earthquake zone that forms a ring around
The Pacific Ocean
South America
The Atlantic Ocean
North America
29
Where is Mount Vesuvius and when was it's most famous eruption?
Italy, 79 AD
Japan, 2011
India, 2004
Washington State, 1980
30
What do we call a layer of rock that is permeable and has high porosity?
Asphalt
An Aquifer
Sandstone
A Natural Cave
31
A magnitude 8 earthquake on the Richter scale is how many times stronger than a magnitude 5?
3
1,000
10,000
100
32
The most common form of wind erosion is called
deposition
deflation
33
A long, narrow, offshore ridge of sand, may be up to 100 km long, lies parallel to shoreline
barrier island
reef
berm
sandbar
34
Erosion along shorelines is primarily caused by
salt
currents
wind
waves
35
90% of the most damaging, continental earthquakes have
a deep focus
a shallow focus
36
The measure of how freely water passes through the open spaces in rock or sediment is
Porosity
Permeability
37
An undersea mountain range with a narrow valley running down its center is called a(n)
Mid-ocean Ridge
Hot Spot
Convergent Plate Boundary
Pangaea
38
This type of fold is a(n):
Syncline
Fault-block
Anticline
Footwall
39
A mound of windblown sand is called a
mountain
horn
loess
dune
40
Periods during which glaciers retreat are called
Polar Vortex
Ice Ages
Glacial Periods
Interglacial Periods