European History 1400-1648

The ruler of Spain for most of the later 1500s was _________.

What did Mary I of England, Philip II of Spain,and Oliver Cromwell all have in common?

Following the weakening of Spain this nation dominated Europe in the early seventeenth century

Humanism prepared the way for Protestant reforms in which of the following countries?

Medieval art tended to be abstract and formulaic,whereas Renaissance art showed ________. 

The term “Machiavellian” has become synonymous with ________.

Which of the following expresses a viewpoint held by Machiavelli?

The Council of Trent’s most important reforms concerned ________.

Anabaptists are the sixteenth-century ancestors of which of the following modern groups?

How was the Peace of Augsburg like the Treaty of Westphalia?

How did predestination factor into Calvin’s theology?

The phrase “Babylonian Captivity” refers to the________.

The most important problem in the marriage between Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon was that

What advantage did an indulgence grant the buyer?

By 1600, the population of the Holy Roman Empire was about ________.

The work of John Wycliffe most resembled that of_______.

What is William of Orange known for?

Which of the following cities played a key role in the trade between Europe and the Near East?

The French monarchy was hostile towards Protestants until ________.

The Treaty of Westphalia finally granted Calvinists _________. 

What finally resolved the Great Schism?

Luther’s response to the German Peasants’ Revolt proved that his reforms were ________. 

The Black Death refers to ________.

John XXII tried to return the papacy from ________ to Italy.

What event was held in the attempt to unite the Swiss and German Protestants?

Who sponsored Genoese adventurer Christopher Columbus?

Which of these provoked the Hundred Years’ War?

The Hundred Years’ War took place primarily in _______.

The Peace of Augsburg recognized that __________ .

The Reformation in Zurich was led by ________.

Hostilities between Spain and England reached a climax in 1588 when ________.

Calvin’s work Institutes of the Christian Religion is considered ________.

The Reformation broke out first in the cities of________.

The great artists of the High Renaissance were________.

In what city did Calvin make his name?

________ was by far the most effective and outspoken critic of the Spanish conquerors.

Which of the following comprised Florence’s popolo grosso in the Renaissance?

What English humanist wrote a famous book called Utopia?

The papal bull Unam Sanctam declared that ________.

Who was known as the "father of humanism?"

Whose most famous painting is the Mona Lisa?

Henry IV converted to Catholicism, motivated by________.

The Roman Catholic Church recognized the need for reform and met from 1545–1563 at the 

Which of the following was a result of the Columbian Exchange on Native Americans?

The Hundred Years’ War was fought between ________.

The first humanists were __________ .

The Act of Succession ________.

Which religious movement was most successful attacking the late medieval church in England?

Luther’s ninety-five theses ________.

Cosimo de’ Medici brought stability to which city after his rise to power in 1434?