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Duplicate of METC RAD 104 Radiation Protection XRAY 2022 Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of METC RAD 104 Radiation Protection XRAY 2022
Duplicate of METC RAD 104 Radiation Protection XRAY 2022
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1
Radiographic examinations should be performed only during which part of the onset of the menstrual period
First 15 days
Last 10 Days
first 5 days
First 10 days
2
portable survey for low fields, used for less than 100 mR/hr
Geiger muller counter
scintillation detector
gas filled detector
ionization chamber
3
The lens of eye dose for general public exposure is
5,000 mrem
15,000
1,500 mrem
50,000
4
radiation exposure ____ with increased elevation:
decreases
increases
5
Traditional unit of radioactivity is the
rad
roentgen
rem
curie
6
most lead aprons are: ____ lead equivalent for 90% attenuation at 75kvp
.5mm
100mm
50mm
1mm
7
In occupancy of the radiation room what is of principal importance
source of radiation and barrier
type of patients being protected
use of area being protected
percentage of time xray beam is on
8
when was the snook transformer introduced?
1874
1913
1907
1988
9
who was the first casualty of manmade radiation?
Clarence roentgen
Clarence dally
Wilhelm conrad roentgen
Bushong Daily
10
basic philosophical principle of radiation protection:
ALARA
Dosimetry
Health and safety act
Shielding
11
most commonly used beam limiting device in radiography as well as the most efficient
Variable aperture collimator
inherent filtration
cones and cylinders
aperture diaphragm
12
simplest of all beam limiting devices, commonly used as dedicated head units; has a lined or lead plate
cones and cylinders
inherent filtration
Arperture diaphragm
variable aperture collimator
13
which of the following is not a factor that determines barrier thickness
distance
occupancy
exposure switch
control
14
1 SV=
.01 rem
.1 rem
100 rem
10 rem
15
SI unit for radioactivity
sievert
gray
coulombs/kilogram
becquerel
16
what are the two sources of radiation?
natural and electrical
manmade and photons
natural and manmade
alpha and beta particles
17
Manmade sources is what % of the total radiation exposure to the public
20%
60%
24%
18%
18
which law provides minimum standard for the accreditation of education programs for people who administer rad procedures
public law 97-46
public law 88-35
public law 97-35
public law 97-506
19
what is an example of a secondary barrier
the concrete floor in an xray room
wood paneling
control booth
lead bonded sheet rock
20
which of the following includes all the ways to limit motion
fast film, immobilize, short exposure, patient uses common sense
appropriate patient instructions, fast film, immobilize, short exposure
appropriate patient instructions, fast film, short exposure
appropriate patient instructions, immobilize, short exposure
21
which of the following is not a federal radiation safety agency
Us department of affairs
US nuclear regulatory commission
EPA
Us atomic regulatory commission
22
effective dose for general public exposure is ______ for continuous or frequent exposure
1500 mrem
100 mrem
500 mrem
5000 mrem
23
When was Xray discovered
October 8, 1895
November 8, 1895
November 14, 1895
November 8, 1913
24
forms of electromagnetic radiation
Rem and Rad
microwaves and gamma rays
Alpha and Beta Particles
xrays and gamma rays
25
when was the first casualty of manmade radiation?
1913
1988
1907
1904
26
which of the following is not one of the ten commandments
limit exam to 10 days following onset of menstrual cycle
always collimate to smallest field size
always wear protective apparel
use gonadal shielding for childbearing age patients regardless of exam
27
Once pregnancy is declared in a pregnant radiographer the DL becomes
1 mSv or 100 mrem per month
.5 mSv or 50 mrem per month
4 mSv or 400 mrem per month
2 mSv or 200 mrem per month
28
which of the following includes all methods to avoid repeat radiographs
proper technique, positioning, letter marker, patient identification
proper technique, positioning, letter marker, dosimeter
proper technique, letter marker, patient identification
proper technique, positioning, patient identification
29
oversees radiation safety of medical imaging systems, establishes performance standards, recommends good practices
ICRP
State agencies
US department of veteran affairs
FDA
30
what are the 2 types of particulate radiation
Xray and gamma rays
alpha and beta particles
alpha and omega particles
Roentgen and Curie
31
what type of radiation sources are nuclear fallout, effluents from power plants, radioactive materials, and medical?
radioactive substances
cosmic rays
manmade sources
nuclear sources
32
The sum of scattered and leakage radiation
primary beam
scattered radiation
leakage radiation
secondary radiation
33
SI unit for Dose Equivalent
becquerel
coulombs/kilogram
Sievert
Gray
34
The purpose of limiting the size of the beam and area of exposure is
decrease the focal spot
reducing the image contrast
increase the effects of scatter
reducing the effects of scatter
35
design limit for an uncontrolled area is equivalent to
4 mrem/week
10 mrem/week
2 mrem/month
2 mrem/week
36
What is the purpose of patient shielding?
reduce radiation exposure to the reproductive organs
reduce radiation exposure to the digestive organs
reduce radiation exposure to the entire human body
reduce radiation exposure to the brain
37
the equivalent dose limit for the fetus is ________
1 mSv or 100 mrem for period of pregnancy
5 mSv or 500 mrem for period of pregnancy
5 mSv or 500 mrem per month
.5 mSv or 100 mrem for period of pregnancy
38
In 1931 the advisory committee on xray and radium protection recommended tolerance dose equal to
.6 roentgen per week
.2 roentgen per month
.2 roentgen per day
.6 roentgen per day
39
Which Law is the consumer patient radiation health and safety act of 1981
Public Law 47-21
Public Law 88-376
Public Law 97-35
Public Law 66-820
40
as filtration increases, beam quality _______ and quantity _____
decreases, increases
increases, increases
increases, decreases
decreases, decreases
41
establishes provisions of minimum standards by the federal government for the accreditation of education programs
ALARA
Public Law 94-35
Public Law 97-35
Public Law 90-602
42
What is the effective dose limit during education and training exposure
100 mrem
500 mrem
5,000 mrem
1,500 mrem
43
when was the coolidge tube introduced?
1913
1944
1995
1907
44
Shielding used for sterile field
shadow shield
shaped contact shield
sterile shield
flat contact
45
SI unit for exposure
coulombs/kilogram
becquerel
sievert
roentgen
46
1 rem=
.01 Sv
.1 Sv
.001 Sv
100 Sv
47
To convert rad to gray
multiply by .01
divide by .01
divide by .1
multiply by .1
48
employed widely as a device to measure radiation intensity
TLD
scintillation detector
radiographic film
gas filled detector
49
Developed to modify the absorped dose to reflect the level of biological damage caused by a particular radiation
Dose equivalent
radioactivity
exposure
absorbed dose
50
the traditional unit for absorbed dose is the
curie
rad
Roentgen
rem
51
percentage of time during which the xray beam is on and directed toward a particular wall
use factor
kVp
control
workload
52
a wall to which the useful beam can be directed is designated as a
secondary barrier
primary barrier
filtration
imagine receptor
53
in a TLD the amount of ____ is proportional to the amount of radiation which interacted with the crystals
light
scatter
protection
photons
54
what are the two categories of natural radiation?
cosmic and radioactive substances
cosmic and gamma rays
nuclear and radioactive materials
alpha and beta partices
55
The skin, hands, feet dose for general public exposure
15,000
1,500 mrem
50,000 mrem
5,000 mrem
56
radiation passing through the tube housing, other than the useful beam
secondary radiation
scattered radiation
leakage radiation
useful beam
57
who were the ones developing blood disorders more frequently than the rest of the medical community?
primary provider
nurses
technicians
radiologists
58
what accounts for more than half of the exposure the general public receives?
cosmic rays
radioactive substances
gamma rays
nuclear substances
59
traditional unit of measure applying only to photons interactions with the air
Roentgen
rad
curie
Rem
60
Adopted in 1953 to replace the roentgen
coulombs per kilogram
curie
rad
rem
61
When should gonadal shielding be used
only when gonads lie in the well collimation field
when the gonads lie in or within 5 cm of a well collimated field
when the gonads lie within 10 cm of a well collimated field
any radiographic image
62
What is the average dose level of most radiographers
100 mrem per year
50 mrem per year
500 mrem per year
1,000 mrem per year
63
What percent should the repeat rate be to optimize protection during mobile xrays
4-10%
2-5%
10-15%
5-7%
64
what is the relationship between the gray and the rad?
1Gy=1,000 rad
1Gy=10 rad
1Gy=100 rad
1Gy=500 rad
65
Medical and dental exposure accounts for what % of manmade radiation exposure to the general public
60%
90%
80%
75%
66
affective means of reducing the risks of genetic defects for the whole population
digital imaging
filtration
short exposure times
patient shielding
67
The primary barrier must be ____ lead equivalent and ___ feet high
1/32 cm, 7 ft
1/16th cm, 4 ft
1/16 inch, 7 ft
1/32 inch, 6 ft
68
SI unit for Absorbed dose
becquerel
coulombs/kilogram
gray
sievert
69
radiopaque material contoured to enclose the testicles
flat contact
shadow shield
testicle shield
shaped contact shield
70
with age filtration _______
increases
decreases
71
filtration afforded by the glass envelope, insulating oil and glass window
Compensating filtration
inherent filtration
film filtration
added filtration
72
A measure of a nuclides transformation rate (disintegrations per second)
Exposure
Radioactivity
Absorbed dose
Dose Equivalent
73
electrons in the crystalline lattice structure become excited and rearranged when radiation interacts with it
Scintillation detector
gas filled detector
Thermoluminescent detector
Ionization chamber
74
Traditional Unit of dose equivalent is the
curie
roentgen
rad
rem
75
maximum exposure rate allowed is based on the
recommended dose limit for the radiologist
recommended dose limit for the radiology technician
recommended dose limit for the public
recommended dose limit for patients
76
What is the occupational dose limit for equivalent annual DL in the lens of eye
50,000 mrem
1,500 mrem
20,000 mrem
15,000 mrem
77
The exposure switch must allow the radiographer to extend body outside of the booth
False
True
78
the secondary barrier must be ___ lead equivalent
1/32 inch
1/32 cm
1/24 inch
1/16 inch
79
What is the equivalent occupational DL to the skin hands and feet
5,000 mrem
1,500 mrem
50,000 mrem
1,000 mrem
80
Dose limit is only specified for general public exposure
True
False
81
A pocket dosimeter is an example of
Ionization chamber
scintillation detector
gas filled detector
geiger muller counter