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Industrialization Chapter 2.1-2.3 Flashcards | StudBud
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Industrialization Chapter 2.1-2.3
Industrialization Chapter 2.1-2.3
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1
Why was Pullman, Illinois an unusual town?
It as one main industry
It was built by a company to house its workers
It specialized in a regional product
It owed its prosperity to the rr
2
The electric streetcar...
encouraged urban workers to live outside of larger cities
discouraged the production of gas powered engines
facilitated development of the Bessemer process
helped farmers to tranport crops to market
3
Labor unions generally formed as a result of
business owners' desire for workers to organize
federal legislation mandating workers' rights
workers' efforts to improve working conditions and increase wages
workers' pressure on the government to enact safety regulations
4
Which of the following is a disadvantage of corporations?
Corporations have higher production costs because of their large size.
Corporations do not invest in research to develop new products.
Corporations become so large that they have too much power over an industry
Corporations are not able to market their products widely.
5
In this text, Lloyd describes how J.D. Rockefeller built an oil
corporation
monopoly
cartel
trust
6
Based on this text, Strong feels that cities are characterized by their...
poverty
inequality
technology
opportunity
7
Compared to the Knights of Labor, the American Federation of Labor was...
more successful immediately
more Socialist in its efforts
more open to all workers
more focused on specific issues like wages and working conditions
8
This political cartoon implies that the American "captains of industry" are...
ignorant
generous
undeserving
cunning
9
One major reason for the growth in urbanization between 1860-1900 was that...
factory jobs were located in cities near transportation routes
politicans demanded fair working conditions for all laborers
upper middle class was prosperous & able to afford city dwellings
many new immigrants were unable to find work on Midwestern farms
10
The point of a cartel was to...
fix prices
make deals with suppliers
merge competing firms
lower production costs
11
The Bessemer process was crucial in the development of?
the telegraph system
airplanes
skyscrapers
refrigerated railroad cars
12
One major way businesses lowered production costs was by...
limiting thier production
cutting back on their labor force
encouraging competition for products
merging competing firms
13
Why did the federal government become involved in the American Railway Union's strike against Pullman?
It was the first successful strike in some time
It targeted only trains that had Pullman cars on them
It involved interstate commerce and mail movement
It was an unusually violent strike
14
Social Darwinism was used to justify all of the following except?
the success of big business
government regulation of business
the existence of poverty
the power of millionaire industries
15
The Knights of Labor was formed with the goal of...
by subsidizing the steel industry
by enacting protective tariffs
braod social reform for laborers
by passing laws to protect workers
16
Which of the following most allowed manufactures to build their factories away from rivers?
steel beams
railroads
the telephone
electricity
17
The way Thomas Edison's laboratory at Menlo Park, New Jersey is equipped shows that...
entrepreneurs invested in innovation and invention
innovation was a messy process
Edison lacked funding for his research
Edison did little work of the work himself
18
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act
was used by labor unions to fight for worker's rights
encouraged the establishment of large scale business
was supported by millionaire interests
Outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade
19
Which immigrant to the U.S. played an influential role in labor issues in the 19th century?
Mary Harris Jones
Nikola Tesla
James Naismith
Leo Baekeland
20
What is Carnegie's message in the text above?
Everyone should accept their place in society.
It is the responsibility of wealthy people to give back to society.
People who are wealthy deserve the money that they have.
America is the land of opportunity, where anyone can make a fortune.
21
In this paragraph, Riis drew attention to the...
economic conditions in large cities
working conditions of urban workers
living conditions of the urban poor
political conditions in large cities
22
What was one effect of the Industrial Revolution in the U.S.?
the government lowered taxes
The cost of many goods made in the U.S. decreased
Many more good were imported
The number of people working as farmers increased
23
In which of the following places did 146 female workers die in a fire?
Haymarket Square
Carnegie Steel's Homestead Plant
The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
the Pullman Factory
24
What was one advantage of urbanization for poor workers who migrated to cities in the late 19th century?
They had access to electricity and other technologies
They were able to provide their children with educational opportunities.
They had access to sufficient helathcare
They earned wages that enabled them to have a higher standard of living.
25
In this report, Samuel Gompers is explaining the need for...
wage labor
freedom of contract
unions
pensions
26
What is the most likely definition of the French term laissez-faire?
allow to act
work quickly
Be Just
Obey the rules
27
What did Alexander Graham Bell's most famous invention contribute to life in the 1800's?
His invention created a better way to communicate with ocean liners
His invention were among the first products advertised in catalogs
His invention opened up a new entertainment industry
His invention made communication between households & businesses efficient
28
This report demonstrates that during the Gilded Age, child labor...
was a problem easily solved by existing child labor laws
was a great contributor to most immigrant families' incomes
would prevent many children from attending school
would be more difficult to put an end to than previously thought
29
How did the Haymarket Riot hurt the labor market?
Key labor leaders were injured in the riot
Many Americans came to belief that union members were violent anarchists
The fires started in the riot destroyed much of Chicago's industrial base.
Union members became afraid to strike following the violence
30
Which point of view about business leaders is the artist most likely communicating?
Business leaders are working together in suspicious ways
The laws governing trusts are not strict enough
Business leaders have too much control over their industries
Trusts have exploited the common people
31
Crane describes young coal miners as mistreated but nonetheless...
healthy
proud
happy
satisfied
32
In this text, which activity does Lloyd say shows a patriotic tendency?
building anti monopolies
regulating monopolies
building monopolies
practicing philanthropy
33
The works of Horatio Alger promoted the idea that...
life in the cities was preferable to rural life
children in the workforce deserved better treatment
workers were being exploited by industrialists
anyone could become successful with hard work
34
Business owners generally paid low wages in factories because...
they wanted to maximize worker productivity
government regulation lowered production costs
keeping wages low meant lower production costs
labor unions were focused on worker safety rather than pay
35
Child labor laws were passed in response to...
children's health issues and lack of school attendance
children's lack of productivity in the work place
conflicting state regulations about children's rights
the increasing costs of employer provided day care
36
Which of the following best represents an illegal action under the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
creating a large business that aims to eliminate market competition
selling shares of a business with little financial security
hiring laborers for long hours and low wages
organizing a widespread labor strike
37
How did the U.S. government encourage American industry in the late 19th century?
by subsidizing the steel industry
By enforcing the 14th Amendment
by enacting protective tariffs
by passing laws to protect workers
38
An example of a technological innovation that increased the country's natural resource base is...
the light bulb
the oil drill
the cotton gin
the telegraph
39
Vertical integration, a business strategy used by steel mogul Andrew Carnegie, involves...
using new methods to increase production
merging companies producing similar products
Buying out raw material producers and distributors
forming trusts
40
Which of the following did Social Darwinism discourage?
the accumulation of wealth
government regulation
hard work
industrialization
41
According to the chart, which city grew the most between 1880 and 1890?
Chicago, IL
Philadelphia, PA
Brooklyn, NY
Cincinnati, Ohio
42
Folsom would be most likely to call John D. Rockefeller...
carpetbagger
robber baron
captain of the industry
philanthropist
43
How does the Brooklyn Bridge reflect the technological innovations of the 19th century?
Hydroelectric power helped raise heavy materials during construction
concrete was needed for the bridge's frame
steel was a necessary component for the construction
Steam engines were integral to the building of the bridge
44
What did the Interstate Commerce Act do?
It broke up all remaining railroad trusts.
It regulated all railroads in the U.S.
It monitored the rates charged by railroads.
It controlled the railroads' transactions.
45
How did many large cities in the late 1800's deal with the growing problem of crime?
Uniformed police officers were put on patrol in neighborhoods.
Law enforcement pitted street gangs against each other.
created emergency call boxes on most street corners
City planners created a strict curfew for all citizens.
46
What made it possible to construct skyscrapers in the late 1800's?
the invention of the elevator
new methods of making steel
fire safety standards
cheap electric power
47
How did business leaders in the late 19th century utilize vertical integration?
They delegated responsibility for production & distribution to
They maintained control of production and distribution of their products.
They maintained control of the raw materials necessary for their products.
They allowed market forces to dictate how their products were distributed.
48
Which of the following statements about the Interstate Commerce Commission is true?
It never succeeded in monitoring rail road shipping rates.
It improved wages for rail road workers.
It was the first federal entity to monitor business practices.
It was involved in commerce within, but not between states
49
Which of the following can best be inferred by the fact that 1 in 5 children worked in a factory in the late 1800's
Women were no longer required to work long hours
Immigrants were no longer a crucial part of the workforce
New industries were created to promote the skills of young laborers.
Children who worked received little education due to long working hours
50
What was the goal of the Interstate Commerce Act?
to lower excessive railroad rates
to increase the power of the rr
to destroy the rr industry
to build new railroads
